scholarly journals Isolation and evaluation of the ability to decompose sugarcane leaves of bacterial strains from acid sulfate soils in the Mekong River Delta

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Van Long Vu ◽  
◽  
Van Dung Tran ◽  

The objectives of this study were to isolate and determine the ability of bacterial strains to decompose sugarcane leaves from acid sulfate soils in the Mekong River Delta (MRD). Soil samples were collected from three acid sulfate soils in Ben Luc district, Long An province, Phung Hiep district, Hau Giang province, and Hon Dat district, Kien Giang province where large sugarcane areas cultivated. Six soil samples were collected and coded: LA1, LA2, HG1, HG2, KG1, and KG2. The results of the study have isolated 18 strains of bacteria are capable of producing cellulase enzyme that breaks down cellulose including LA2-4b, LA2-1, LA2-4a, LA2-2, KG2-1, KG2-2a, KG2-2b, KG2-3, KG2-20, KG2-21, KG2-22, KG2-24, KG2-26, KG2-27, LA1-1, LA1-2, LA1-3, LA1-7. All isolated bacterial strains have the ability to effectively decompose sugarcane leaves, have the potential to apply in practical production, and contribute to improving the quality of acid sulfate soils in the MRD. In which, five selected bacterial strains (LA1-1, LA2-4a, LA2-4b, KG2-2b, and KG2-24) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the decomposition of sugarcane leaves than the treatment without bacteria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Tran Duy Phat ◽  
Cao Ngoc Diep

Two field trials were conducted to determine the effect of P-K solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen chemical fertilizer on growth, yield and nitrate in leaf of mustard greens Brassica juncea L.) cultivated on acid sulfate soils. Eight P-K solubilizing bacterial strains composed of 3 strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and 5 strains of Rhizobium sp., bacterial liquid were directly watered into plant at 3 stages [6, 12 and 21 days after planting] during vegetable cultivation, chemical fertilizer (60N – 40 P2O5 – 20 K2O) and control (no-inoculation). The study revealed that eight P-K solubilizing bacterial strains have good characteristics as nitrogen fixation, phosphate and potassium solubilisation. Application of nitrogen chemical concentration, increasing nitrate concentration of leaf of mustard greens. Application of bacterial liquid with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain NT4 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain NT30 strain, Rhizobium tropici strain N18 and Rhizobium leguminosarum strain K35 on mustard greens cultivated on acid sulfate soils (basal fertilizer: 40 P2O5 – 20 K2O) was the best cultural practice because the this model not only supported the highest biomass, but also decreased nitrate concentration in leaf of mustard greens.


2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Tuan Huu Le ◽  
Hoang Minh Truong ◽  
Uyen Thi Phuong Ngo

The Holocene sediment commonly covers the Mekong River Delta. The most is the fine materials including silt, clay; they are very plentiful. There are a lot of researches about Holocene sediment that study about sediment, formal origin, and pedology, applying for minerals survey and the agricultural development. Aim of this topic to know the characteristics of minerals in the clay and basic geotechnical properties for using the materials to make brick in the Vinhlong province.


Author(s):  
Vũ Ngoc Binh ◽  
Do The Quynh

Peat soil is formed from river-bog sediments (abQ232) are largely distributed in Mekong river Delta provinces-Vietnam such as Kien Giang, Hau Giang, Bạc Liêu and Ca Mau. The resuls of research to improve them with many kinds of cements showed that the unconfined compressive strength of soil samples reinforced by cements had increased within 28 days, from 28 to 56 days this strength was reduced. Research for improving the soil above by cement and sodium silicate to increase the strength and stability with curing time had been conducted. The results showed that the concent of 0.5% of sodium silicate in comparison with cement mass was added to soil samples, their strength increased significantly when compared to soil samples without sodium silicate and greater than that of the soil samples reinforced by contents of 1%, 1.5% and 2% of sodium silicate in comparison with cement mass and also the concent of 0.5% of sodium silicate in comparison with cement mass added to soil sample has solved the problem of reducing soil sample strength with curing time.


Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamindra L. Vithana ◽  
Leigh A. Sullivan ◽  
Richard T. Bush ◽  
Edward D. Burton

In Australia, the assessment of acidity hazard in acid sulfate soils requires the estimation of operationally defined acidity fractions such as actual acidity, potential sulfidic acidity, and retained acidity. Acid–base accounting approaches in Australia use these acidity fractions to estimate the net acidity of acid sulfate soils materials. Retained acidity is the acidity stored in the secondary Fe/Al hydroxy sulfate minerals, such as jarosite, natrojarosite, schwertmannite, and basaluminite. Retained acidity is usually measured as either net acid-soluble sulfur (SNAS) or residual acid soluble sulfur (SRAS). In the present study, contributions of schwertmannite and jarosite to the retained acidity, actual acidity, and potential sulfidic acidity fractions were systematically evaluated using SNAS and SRAS techniques. The data show that schwertmannite contributed considerably to the actual acidity fraction and that it does not contribute solely to the retained acidity fraction as has been previously conceptualised. As a consequence, SNAS values greatly underestimated the schwertmannite content. For soil samples in which jarosite is the only mineral present, a better estimate of the added jarosite content can be obtained by using a correction factor of 2 to SNAS values to account for the observed 50–60% recovery. Further work on a broader range of jarosite samples is needed to determine whether this correction factor has broad applicability. The SRAS was unable to reliably quantify either the schwertmannite or the jarosite content and, therefore, is not suitable for quantification of the retained acidity fraction. Potential sulfidic acidity in acid sulfate soils is conceptually derived from reduced inorganic sulfur minerals and has been estimated by the peroxide oxidation approach, which is used to derive the SRAS values. However, both schwertmannite and jarosite contributed to the peroxide-oxidisable sulfur fraction, implying a major potential interference by those two minerals to the determination of potential sulfidic acidity in acid sulfate soils through the peroxide oxidation approach.


Author(s):  
Jae Hwan Kim ◽  
So-Jeong Kim ◽  
In-Hyun Nam

Acid sulfate soils contain sulfide minerals that have adverse environmental effects because they can lead to acidic drainage and prevent the establishment of vegetation. The current study examined the effect of a novel method for the restoration of these soils and the promotion of germination and plant growth. Thus, we isolated two strains of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, Methylobacterium sp. PS and Caballeronia sp. EK, characterized their properties, and examined their effects in promoting the growth of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) in acid sulfate soil. Compared with untreated control soil, treatment of acid sulfate soils with these bacterial strains led to increased seed germination, growth of plants with more leaves, and plants with greater levels of total-adenosine tri-phosphate (tATP). Relative to the untreated control soil, the addition of Caballeronia sp. EK led to a 60% increase in seed germination after 52 days, growth of plants with more than 3 times as many leaves, and a 45.2% increase in tATP after 50 days. This strain has potential for use as a plant biofertilizer that promotes vegetation growth in acid sulfate soils by improving the absorption of phosphorous.


2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Akhmad Mustafa ◽  
Rachmansyah Rachmansyah ◽  
Dody Dharmawan Trijuno ◽  
Ruslaini Ruslaini

Rumput laut (Gracilaria verrucosa) telah dibudidayakan di tambak tanah sulfat masam dengan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peubah kualitas air yang mempengaruhi laju pertumbuhan rumput laut di tambak tanah sulfat masam Kecamatan Angkona Kabupaten Luwu Timur Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Pemeliharaan rumput laut dilakukan di 30 petak tambak  terpilih selama 6 minggu. Bibit rumput laut dengan bobot 100 g basah ditebar dalam hapa berukuran 1,0 m x 1,0 m x 1,2 m. Peubah tidak bebas yang diamati adalah laju pertumbuhan relatif, sedangkan peubah bebas adalah peubah kualitas air yang meliputi: intensitas cahaya, salinitas, suhu, pH, karbondioksida, nitrat, amonium, fosfat, dan besi. Analisis regresi berganda digunakan untuk menentukan peubah bebas yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi peubah tidak bebas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan relatif rumput laut di tambak tanah sulfat masam berkisar antara 1,52% dan 3,63%/hari dengan rata-rata 2,88% ± 0,56%/hari. Di antara 9 peubah kualitas air yang diamati ternyata hanya 5 peubah kualitas air yaitu: nitrat, salinitas, amonium, besi, dan fosfat yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan rumput laut secara nyata. Untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan rumput laut di tambak tanah sulfat masam Kecamatan Angkona Kabupaten Luwu Timur dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk yang mengandung nitrogen untuk meningkatkan kandungan amonium dan nitrat serta pemberian pupuk yang mengandung fosfor untuk meningkatkan kandungan fosfat sampai pada nilai tertentu, melakukan remediasi untuk menurunkan kandungan besi serta memelihara rumput laut pada salinitas air yang lebih tinggi, tetapi tidak melebihi 30 ppt.Seaweed (Gracilaria verrucosa) has been cultivated in acid sulfate soil-affected ponds with relatively high quality and quantity of seaweed production. A research has been conducted to study water quality variables that influence the growth of seaweed in acid sulfate soil-affected ponds of Angkona Sub-district East Luwu Regency South Sulawesi Province. Cultivation of seaweed was done for six weeks in 30 selected brackishwater ponds. Seeds of seaweed with weight of 100 g were stocked in hapa sized 1.0 m x 1.0 m x 1.2 m. Dependent variable that was observed was specific growth rate, whereas independent variables were water quality variables including light intensity, salinity, temperature, pH, carbondioxide, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, and iron. Analyses of multiple regressions were used to determine the independent variables which could be used to predict the dependent variable. Research result indicated that relative growth rate of seaweed in acid sulfate soils-affected brackishwater ponds ranged from 1.52% to 3.63%/day with 2.88% ± 0.56%/day in average. Among nine observed water quality variables, only five variables namely: nitrate, salinity, ammonium, phosphate and iron influence significantly on the growth of seaweed in acid sulfate soils-affected brackishwater ponds. The growth of seaweed in acid sulfate soils-affected brackishwater ponds of Angkona District East Luwu Regency, can be improved by using nitrogen-based fertilizers to increase ammonium and nitrate contents and also fertilizers which contain phosphorus to improve phosphate content to a certain level. Pond remediation to decrease iron content and also rearing seaweed at higher salinity (but less than 30 ppt) can also be alternatives to increase the growth of seaweed.


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