scholarly journals Analysis of Deprivations Suffered by Children Under Five in Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Fawaz A. Adéchinan Aminou ◽  
Pam Zahonogo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Child Deprivation ◽  
Poor Children

Children are seriously affected by poverty and suffer particular deprivations. In addition, their situation is most of the time ignored in the strategies devoted to tackling poverty. This study examined the multidimensional poverty of children under five in Benin by identifying its determinants. It used the data from the demographic and health surveys in Benin from 2011-2012 and adopted the approach by Alkire & Foster (2011) to generate multidimensional poverty profiles of children. The weightings of the dimensions were generated by multiple correspondence analysis. The GLM and Logit models were used to identify the driving factors of child deprivation. Findings indicate that 54 percent of children were multidimensionally poor when the poverty line k = 1 against 32 percent of poor children when k = 3.  Nutrition and sanitation dimensions had the highest relative contributions of 41.12 and 28.77 percent respectively to the global multidimensional poverty index. JEL Classification:  D63, I32, O10

scholarly journals Trends in the Prevalence and Associated Contributing Factors of Stunting in Children Under Five Years of Age. Secondary Data Analysis of 2005, 2010 and 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Révérien Rutayisire ◽  
Clémentine Kanazayire ◽  
Germaine Tuyisenge ◽  
Cyprien Munyanshongore
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared

Background Stunting affects more than 161 million children under five years of age worldwide. Rwanda has a high prevalence of stunted children under five years of age (~38%) according to the 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Objectives The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence rates of stunting in Rwanda using the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey data of 2005, 2010 and 2014-2015. Methods The three Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey cross-sectional studies into consideration were conducted in 2005, 2010 and in 2014-2015. Stunting prevalence rates from those surveys were compared using Pearson's chi-squared tests and Marascuilo procedure using STATA (StataCorp. 2013. Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP.). Results The Pearson's chi-squared tests and Marascuilo procedure used in this research confirmed a significant difference between the reported three RDHS stunting prevalence rates. The trends in the stunting prevalence rates among children under five years of age showed a decrease of 13% in stunting prevalence rate, falling from 51%in 2005 to 38%in 2014-15. Conclusion A statistical analysis based on2005, 2010 and 2014-15 RDHS surveys datasets confirmed that there is a statistically significant reduction in stunting prevalence rates  over that decade(from 51% in 2005 to 38%in 2014-2015). The main persistent associated factors with stunting were the age, sex, size at birth, residence place of the child, and the mother’s educational level and household wealth index. Keywords: Stunting; children under five years; demographic and health survey; nutrition; Rwanda

scholarly journals Monetary and Multidimensional Poverty of the Tea Garden Labour Community of Dibrugarh District of Assam, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3759-3764
Keyword(s):  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Primary Survey ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Poverty Measures ◽  
Tea Garden

This paper aims at measuring the level of both monetary poverty and multidimensional poverty of the tea garden labour community of the Dibrugarh district of Assam. The paper also aims at comparing the monetary poverty and multidimensional poverty of the tea garden labour community of the Dibrugarh district of Assam. The present study is mainly a primary survey based study. Monetary poverty is measured on the basis of the official state specific rural poverty line and using Foster-Greer-Thorbecke class of poverty indices. Multidimensional poverty is measured using Alkaire-Foster methodology. Then for comparing monetary and multidimensional poverty the study used the simple cross tables. The findings of the study show that monetary poverty headcount ratio of the sample tea garden labour community is 48.89 percent. The value of the multidimensional poverty index declines with higher multidimensional poverty cutoffs. The comparison of the monetary and multidimensional poverty shows that for all the three multidimensional poverty cutoffs the similarity between the two poverty measures is higher than the mismatch between them

scholarly journals Maternal age at first childbirth and under-five morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of cross-sectional data of 32 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background The prevalence of childhood morbidity remains high in low-and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this study, the association between maternal age at first childbirth and under-five morbidity in SSA was examined. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving nationally-representative data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 32 countries in SSA from 2010 to 2019. A sample size of 311,603 mothers of children under-five was considered. The outcome variable for this study was under-five morbidity. This variable was derived from the experience of fever, cough, and diarrhoea among children under-five. Both multilevel and binary logistic regression models were used to test the hypothesis that adolescent childbirth is associated with under-five morbidity. The results were presented as crude odds ratios (cORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs), with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Results Children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred at < 20 years were 16 % times more likely to suffer from under-five morbidity, compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at age ≥ 20 years [cOR = 1.16; CI = 1.13–1.19], and this persisted but with reduced odds after controlling for covariates [aOR = 1.10; CI = 1.07–1.12]. At the country level, children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred at < 20 years were more likely to suffer from under-five morbidity, compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at age ≥ 20 years in Angola, Burundi, Congo DR, Guinea, Kenya, and Uganda. Conclusions In this study, an association between adolescent childbirth and morbidity in children under five in SSA has been established. The study concludes that under-five morbidity is higher among children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred before 20 years compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at 20 years and above. The findings indicate that in order to reduce under-five morbidity, there is the need to deal with adolescent childbearing through cultural and social change, coupled with engagement of adolescents and stakeholders in adolescent sexual and reproductive health programmes.

scholarly journals Inequalities in Stunting Prevalence Among Children Under Age 5 in Ghana Between 1998 and 2014

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collins Adu ◽  
Edward Kwabena Ameyaw ◽  
Pascal Agbadi ◽  
Ebenezer Agbaglo ◽  
Justice Kanor Tetteh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
World Health ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Summary Measures

Abstract BackgroundOver the years, Ghana has made significant improvements in the nutritional status of children, particularly concerning stunting. Though these improvements are commendable, there are concerns of inequalities in the prevalence of stunting among children under five. To this end, we examined the trends and inequalities in the determinants of stunting prevalence in children under five in Ghana, throughout 1998-2014.MethodsUsing the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software, we analysed data from the 1998-2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS). We approached the inequality analysis in two steps. First, we disaggregated stunting prevalence among children < 5 years by five equity stratifiers: wealth index, education, sex, residence, and region. Second, we measured the inequality through summary measures, namely Difference, Population Attributable Risk, Ratio, and Population Attributable Fraction. A 95% confidence interval was constructed for point estimates to measure statistical significance.ResultsConcerning economic status, only the simple summary measures (Difference [D], Ratio [R]) showed significant inequality in stunting. For instance, both D (23.40; 17.55-29.25) and R (2.43; 1.78-3.09) revealed substantial economic variation in stunting in 1998 and the same trend was noted across all the survey years. The complex summary measures, however, showed a significant but negative association. Both D (16.36; 12.13-20.60) and R (1.90; 1.51-2.28) revealed a positive significant disparity in favour of urban residents in 1998. The simple measures further indicated a significant disparity in stunting at the detriment of male children throughout the period studied. Finally, a significant disparity at the expense of children in the Northern Region was evident in 1998 (D=31.00; R=3.22), 2003 (D=37.21; R=3.17) and 2014 (D=22.73; R=3.19).ConclusionInequalities in stunting prevalence in Ghana is to the disadvantaged children of poorest wealth quintile, mothers with no formal education, male children, rural residents and the Northern Region of Ghana. We recommend the introduction and strengthening of equitable interventions focusing on nutrition on sub-populations in the country who suffer from a higher burden of stunting.

scholarly journals Estimating the Double Burden of Malnutrition among 595,975 Children in 65 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing J. Akombi ◽  
Stanley Chitekwe ◽  
Berhe W. Sahle ◽  
Andre M.N. Renzaho
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Introduction: Given the changing global nutrition landscape, the double burden of malnutrition is a major public health challenge in many developing countries. The main aim of this study is to estimate the double burden of malnutrition among children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys (2001–2016). A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition indicators in 595,975 children under five years from 65 LMICs. Significant heterogeneity was detected among the various surveys (I2 >50%), hence a random-effect model was used. Sensitivity analysis was also performed, to examine the effects of outliers. Results: The pooled estimate for stunting, wasting, underweight, and overweight/obesity was 29.0%, 7.5%, 15.5%, and 5.3% respectively. Countries with the highest coexistence of undernutrition and overweight/obesity were: South Africa (stunting 27.4% (95% CI: 25.1, 29.8); overweight/obesity 13.3% (95% CI: 11.5, 15.2)), Sao Tome and Principe (stunting 29.0% (95% CI: 26.8, 31.4); overweight/obesity 10.5% (95% CI: 9.0, 12.1)), Swaziland (stunting 28.9% (95% CI: 27.3, 30.6); overweight/obesity 10.8% (95% CI: 9.7, 12.0)), Comoros (stunting 30.0% (95% CI: 28.3, 31.8); overweight/obesity 9.3% (95% CI: 8.3, 10.5)), and Equatorial Guinea (stunting 25.9% (95% CI: 23.4, 28.7); overweight/obesity 9.7% (95% CI: 8.0, 11.6)). Conclusions: There is an urgent need to strengthen existing policies on child malnutrition to integrate and scale up opportunities for innovative approaches which address the double burden of malnutrition in children under five years in LMICs.

scholarly journals Comparison of 1-week and 2-week recall periods for caregiver-reported diarrhoeal illness in children, using nationally representative household surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1228-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie N Overbey ◽  
Kellogg J Schwab ◽  
Natalie G Exum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Period Prevalence ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Childhood Diarrhoea ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background Diarrhoeal outcomes in children are often ascertained using caregiver-reported symptoms, which are subject to a variety of biases and methodological challenges. One source of bias is the time window used for reporting diarrhoeal illness and the ability of caregivers to accurately recall episodes in children. Methods Diarrhoea period prevalence in children under five was determined using two similarly administered, nationally representative household surveys: Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) (1-week recall, N = 14 603) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) (2-week recall, N = 66 717). Countries included in the analysis were the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya and Uganda. Diarrhoea period prevalence estimates were compared and water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors were analysed. Results Childhood diarrhoea prevalence using 1-week recall (PMA2020) pooled across countries was 21.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 19.9%, 22.9%] versus 16.0% using 2-week recall (DHS) (95% CI: 15.4%, 16.5%). In stratified analyses for all five countries, the number of diarrhoea cases detected was consistently higher using 1-week recall versus 2-week recall. The key risk factors identified in the PMA2020 data that were not associated with diarrhoeal episodes or were attenuated in the DHS data included: the main sanitation classifications for households, disposal method used for child faeces, number of household members and wealth quintiles. Conclusions For nationally representative household surveys assessing childhood diarrhoea period prevalence, a 2-week recall period may underestimate diarrhoea prevalence compared with a 1-week period. The household sanitation facility and practices remain key risk factors for diarrhoeal disease in children under five.

scholarly journals Assessing Refugee Poverty Using Capabilities Versus Commodities: The Case of Afghans in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitra Naseh ◽  
Miriam Potocky ◽  
Shanna L. Burke ◽  
Paul H. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Using Data

This study is among the first to calculate poverty among one of the world’s largest refugee populations, Afghans in Iran. More importantly, it is one of the first to use capability and monetary approaches to provide a comprehensive perspective on Afghan refugees’ poverty. We estimated poverty using data collected from a sample of 2,034 refugee households in 2011 in Iran. We utilized basic needs poverty lines and the World Bank’s absolute international poverty line for our monetary poverty analyses and the global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for our capability analyses of poverty. Findings show that nearly half of the Afghan households were income-poor, approximately two percent of the households had less than USD 1.25 per person per day, and about 28% of the surveyed households were multidimensionally deprived. Results suggest that 60% of the income-poor households were not deprived from minimal education, health, and standards of living based on the MPI criteria, and about 32% of the multidimensionally deprived households were not income-poor. These findings call for more attention to poverty measurement methods, specifically for social workers and policy makers in the field, to gain a more realistic understanding about refugees’ wellbeing.

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