scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of Acute Lower Respiratory Infections among children under-five years in sub–Saharan Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 100443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Kwamena Sekyi Dickson ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Hubert Amu ◽  
Eugene Kofuor Maafo Darteh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Maternal age at first childbirth and under-five morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of cross-sectional data of 32 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background The prevalence of childhood morbidity remains high in low-and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this study, the association between maternal age at first childbirth and under-five morbidity in SSA was examined. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving nationally-representative data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 32 countries in SSA from 2010 to 2019. A sample size of 311,603 mothers of children under-five was considered. The outcome variable for this study was under-five morbidity. This variable was derived from the experience of fever, cough, and diarrhoea among children under-five. Both multilevel and binary logistic regression models were used to test the hypothesis that adolescent childbirth is associated with under-five morbidity. The results were presented as crude odds ratios (cORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs), with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Results Children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred at < 20 years were 16 % times more likely to suffer from under-five morbidity, compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at age ≥ 20 years [cOR = 1.16; CI = 1.13–1.19], and this persisted but with reduced odds after controlling for covariates [aOR = 1.10; CI = 1.07–1.12]. At the country level, children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred at < 20 years were more likely to suffer from under-five morbidity, compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at age ≥ 20 years in Angola, Burundi, Congo DR, Guinea, Kenya, and Uganda. Conclusions In this study, an association between adolescent childbirth and morbidity in children under five in SSA has been established. The study concludes that under-five morbidity is higher among children born to mothers whose first childbirth occurred before 20 years compared to those whose mothers’ first childbirth occurred at 20 years and above. The findings indicate that in order to reduce under-five morbidity, there is the need to deal with adolescent childbearing through cultural and social change, coupled with engagement of adolescents and stakeholders in adolescent sexual and reproductive health programmes.

scholarly journals Water and sanitation influence on child health in Namibia: using demographic and health surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Abdelhady ◽  
Anna Alfeus ◽  
Ndinomholo Hamatui
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Child's Death ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Important milestones in reducing child mortality rates have been achieved internationally and in Africa. With 76 deaths per 1,000 live births, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) continues to have the world's highest under-five mortality (U5M) rate. In SSA, one child in every 13 dies from preventable causes before reaching their fifth birthday. This study sought to determine the impact of demographic, socio-economic, and environmental determinants on child health in Namibia, using the Namibian demographic and health surveys (NDHS) from 2006 and 2013. A logistic regression model was used to determine the association between improved sanitary facilities and water sources and U5M in Namibia. Improved access to sanitation facilities in Namibia is associated with less U5M rate, according to the 2013 survey. No significant association was observed between improved access to safe water and child's death. In 2013, the greater the mother's level of education, the lower the chance of child death. Finally, the findings demonstrate that mothers with HIV-positive are more likely to experience under-five death. Hence, the Namibian government should increase sanitation facilities and promote maternal healthcare services for less fortunate households to lower the U5M rate.

Changing sex differences in undernutrition of African children: findings from Demographic and Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michel Garenne ◽  
Susan Thurstans ◽  
André Briend ◽  
Carmel Dolan ◽  
Tanya Khara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Growth Charts ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Abstract The study investigates sex differences in the prevalence of undernutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. Undernutrition was defined by Z-scores using the CDC-2000 growth charts. Some 128 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were analysed, totalling 700,114 children under-five. The results revealed a higher susceptibility of boys to undernutrition. Male-to-female ratios of prevalence averaged 1.18 for stunting (height-for-age Z-score <−2.0); 1.01 for wasting (weight-for-height Z-score <−2.0); 1.05 for underweight (weight-for-age Z-score <−2.0); and 1.29 for concurrent wasting and stunting (weight-for-height and height-for-age Z-scores <−2.0). Sex ratios of prevalence varied with age for stunting and concurrent wasting and stunting, with higher values for children age 0–23 months and lower values for children age 24–59 months. Sex ratios of prevalence tended to increase with declining level of mortality for stunting, underweight and concurrent wasting and stunting, but remained stable for wasting. Comparisons were made with other anthropometric reference sets (NCHS-1977 and WHO-2006), and the results were found to differ somewhat from those obtained with CDC-2000. Possible rationales for these patterns are discussed.

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between female genital mutilation/cutting and fistula? A statistical analysis using cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 10 sub-Saharan Africa countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e025355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Juma Matanda ◽  
Pooja Sripad ◽  
Charity Ndwiga
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Female Genital Mutilation ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Female Genital

ObjectivesLiterature on associations between female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and fistula points to a common belief that FGM/C predisposes women to developing fistula. This study explores this association using nationally representative survey data.DesignA secondary statistical analysis of cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys was conducted to explore the association between FGM/C and fistula.SettingSub-Saharan Africa.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years in Burkina Faso (n=17 087), Chad (n=17 719), Côte d’Ivoire (n=10 060), Ethiopia (n=14 070), Guinea (n=9142), Kenya (n=31 079), Mali (n=10 424), Nigeria (n=33 385), Senegal (n=15 688) and Sierra Leone (n=16 658).Main outcome measuresFistula symptoms.ResultsMultivariate logit modelling using pooled data from 10 countries showed that the odds of reporting fistula symptoms were 1.5 times (CI 1.06 to 2.21) higher for women whose genitals were cut and sewn closed than those who had undergone other types of FGM/C. Women who attended antenatal care (ANC) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.51, CI 0.36 to 0.71) and those who lived in urban areas (AOR 0.62, CI 0.44 to 0.89) were less likely to report fistula symptoms than those who did not attend ANC or lived in rural areas.ConclusionsSevere forms of FGM/C (infibulation) may predispose women to fistula. Contextual and socioeconomic factors may increase the likelihood of fistula. Multisectoral interventions that concurrently address harmful traditional practices such as FGM/C and other contextual factors that drive the occurrence of fistula are warranted. Promotion of ANC utilisation could be a starting point in the prevention of fistulas.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of the Risk Factors Associated with Anaemia among Children Under Five Years in Sub-Saharan African Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8829
Author(s):  
Phillips Edomwonyi Obasohan ◽  
Stephen J. Walters ◽  
Richard Jacques ◽  
Khaled Khatab
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background/Purpose: Globally, anaemia is a severe public health condition affecting over 24% of the world’s population. Children under five years old and pregnant women are the most vulnerable to this disease. This scoping review aimed to evaluate studies that used classical statistical regression methods on nationally representative health survey data to identify the individual socioeconomic, demographic and contextual risk factors associated with developing anaemia among children under five years of age in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods/Design: The reporting pattern followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE (OVID platform), Web of Science, PUBMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane library, African Journal of online (AJOL), Google Scholar and Measure DHS. Results: The review identified 20 relevant studies and the risk factors for anaemia were classified as child-related, parental/household-related and community- or area-related factors. The risk factors for anaemia identified included age, birth order, sex, comorbidities (such as fever, diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection), malnutrition or stunting, maternal education, maternal age, mother’s anaemia status, household wealth and place of residence. Conclusion: The outcome of this review is of significant value for health policy and planners to enable them to make informed decision that will correct any imbalances in anaemia across socioeconomic, demographic and contextual characteristics, with the view of making efficient distributions of health interventions.

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