Assessing the susceptibility to contamination of two aquifer systems used for public water supply in the Modesto and Fresno metropolitan areas, California, 2001 and 2002

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Wright ◽  
Kenneth Belitz ◽  
Tyler D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Aquifer Systems

Management of groundwater sustainability and contamination - a Mozambique case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Margarida Horta Antunes ◽  
Ameno Bande
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
The City ◽  
Zambezi River

<p>Groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from natural and anthropogenic activities. The agricultural and human activities associated with hydrological characteristics influence the quality of groundwater. The City of Tete is in the Nharthanda Valley (Zambezi River, Central Mozambique). The city faces a set of serious structural issues of access to water such as a precarious public water supply system, including a lack of network management, water rationing, and a poor sewerage system. Groundwater is collected from the aquifer for the public water supply system of the old city of Tete and a for a traditional agro-livestock farm, which is irrigated by artesian wells. Groundwater abstraction has increased in the last few decades, and it was identified as a risk for groundwater quality and quantity. Groundwater physic-chemical and microbiological parameters obtained from fifteen boreholes and eleven wells have been determined to assess water quality. The presence of potential contaminant activities throughout the Nhartanda Valley and adjacent areas associated with contamination of the Zambezi River contribute to the degradation of water quality. The high vulnerability index for most chemical and microbiological elements indicates that groundwater is easily reached by bacteria and viruses and other potentially toxic substances. Most of the water parameters, from wells and boreholes, exceed the water referenced values allowed for human consumption and agricultural use. The protection of the Nhartanda Valley aquifer system is necessary and urgent. The identification of the most vulnerable areas provides important information for groundwater management, such as the indication of protection measures in aquifer systems.</p>

Lithium levels in the public water supply and risk of suicide

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Liaugaudaite
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
The Public

Алгоритм оценки степени физического износа структурно сложных объектов ВКХ с применением риск-ориентированного подхода

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
V. Grachev ◽  
N. Kurysheva ◽  
O. Plyamina ◽  
V. Lobkovskiy ◽  
E. Nefedova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Physical Deterioration ◽  
Indicator Framework ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Проведенный анализ современных нормативноправовых документов и практики оценки физического износа структурно сложных объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства показал, что современные методы оценки не учитывают особенности этих объектов. Выявлены факторы, влияющие на структуру показателей оценки физического износа по основным группам и элементам объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства. На их основе разработан алгоритм оценки физического износа объектов с применением рискориентированного подхода для трех уровней: объект, технологические элементы объекта (сооружения), функциональные элементы в составе сооружений (здания, оборудование). Использование алгоритма позволяет разработать рекомендации по корректировке периодичности и частоте проведения мониторинга показателей уровня физического износа объектов централизованных систем водоснабжения и водоотведения и их элементов. Практическое применение разработанного алгоритма будет способствовать внедрению современных подходов по управлению рисками, связанными с уровнем физического износа и оценкой вероятности потенциальных негативных последствий природного, антропогенного и другого характера. Внедрение алгоритма позволит также устанавливать уязвимые области и проводить предупредительные мероприятия в отношении возникновения угрозы нарушения обязательных требований, в том числе меры по снижению рисков (техникотехнологическое обновление зданий, сооружений, оборудования). Это необходимо для объективного и обоснованного планирования капитального ремонта, восстановления и развития объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства и их элементов.The paper analyzes current regulatory documents and experience in the field of assessing the deterioration of structurally complex water supply and sanitation facilities. The paper shows that modern assessment procedures do not take into account any features of such objects. The paper identifies factors that affect the indicator framework for assessing the physical deterioration of the main groups and components of water supply and sanitation facilities. Based on these factors, the paper proposes an algorithm for assessing the physical deterioration of facilities using a riskoriented approach for three levels: an object itself, its engineering components (facilities), and their functional elements (buildings, equipment). The paper indicates that the use of the algorithm would provide for developing recommendations for adjusting the frequency of monitoring indicators of the physical deterioration level of facilities of public water supply and sanitation systems and their elements. The implementation of the developed algorithm would contribute to the successful introduction of advanced approaches to managing risks associated with the level of physical deterioration and assessing the probability of potential negative consequences of natural, anthropogenic, and other origins. The introduction of the algorithm would also allow identifying vulnerable areas and taking preventive measures against the threat of violation of mandatory requirements including measures for reducing risks (technical and engineering renovation of buildings, facilities, equipment). This is required for objective and substantiated planning of overhaul, restoration, and development of water supply and sanitation facilities and their components.

An investigation into the possible links between shigellosis and hepatitis A and public water supply disconnections

Public Health ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-181
Author(s):  
L Fewtrell ◽  
D Kay ◽  
M Wyer ◽  
G O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Public Water Supply

scholarly journals Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis after Contamination of the Public Water Supply in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, in 1996

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 518-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norishige YAMAMOTO ◽  
Ken-ichi URABE ◽  
Masatoshi TAKAOKA ◽  
Kiyoaki NAKAZAWA ◽  
Atsushi GOTOH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
The Public

scholarly journals Survey of Energy Requirements for Public Water Supply in the United States

Opflow ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. E320-E330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Sowby ◽  
Steven J. Burian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Public Water Supply

The Socio-economic and General Profile of Organized and Traditional Goat Farmers in Punjab

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Tube Well ◽  
The Village ◽  
General Profile ◽  
Goat Farming

The present study was conducted Bathinda, Fazilka, and Muktsar of Punjab to examine the socio-economic and general profile of goat farmers, studying a total sample of 88 goat farmers. Both types of goat farming systems, organized goat farms, and traditional goat farms, were studied with more emphasis on organized goat farms. The sample farmers consisted of 56 organized and 32 traditional goat farmers in the state. It was observed in the study that the education level of organized goat farmers was better compared to traditional goat farmers. A majority of the sample goat farmers had nuclear families. A majority of the farmers (53.57 percent) had goat farms located in the village. Organized goat farms had tube-well as the main source of water supply, whereas traditional goat farms were mainly dependent upon public water supply. Organized goat farmers had relatively higher exposure to training. A vast majority of the goat farmers had their breeding buck.

scholarly journals Fluoridation of the public water supply and prevalence of dental fluorosis in a peripheral district of the municipality of Bauru, SP

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Ramires ◽  
Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio ◽  
Andréa Gutierrez Maria ◽  
Juliano Pelim Pessan ◽  
Vanessa Eid Silva Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Prior Authorization ◽  
The Public ◽  
Electrode Method ◽  
Sensitive Electrode

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the fluoride concentration in the public water supply and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren between 7 and 15 years old, living in a peripheral district of the municipality of Bauru. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this, fifty two water samples were collected on three different days of one week. These samples were analyzed for fluoride by means of the ion-sensitive electrode method (Orion 9609) coupled to a potentiometer (Procyon, model 720). In this method, 1.0 mL of TISAB II (Orion) was added to 1.0 mL of the sample. For the epidemiological survey of fluorosis, 52 schoolchildren of both genders, aged between 7 and 15 were assessed, with prior authorization from their caretakers. Only one person examined the children, after supervised toothbrushing and drying with cotton wool rolls. The TF index was used. RESULTS: The fluoride concentrations in the water samples ranged from 0.62 to 1.20 mg/L, with a mean of 0.9 mg/L. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 33%, with severity ranging from TF1 to TF4 (Kappa of 0.73 and concordance of 83.33%). CONCLUSIONS: The results from the analysis of water samples indicated a fluoride concentration greater than recommended for Bauru. The fluorosis levels found were higher than expected for a peripheral district, in which water is one of the few sources of fluoride.

scholarly journals Preliminary groundwater modelling by considering the interaction with superficial water: Aosta plain case (northern Italy)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullia Bonomi ◽  
Letizia Fumagalli ◽  
Valeria Benastini ◽  
Marco Rotiroti ◽  
Pietro Capodaglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The study is developed through scientific cooperation between the University of Milano-Bicocca and the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection (ARPA) of the Valle d’Aosta Region. Its aim is to produce a decision-support tool to help the Public Administration’manage groundwater and public water supply. The study area is the plain of Aosta, between the cities of Aymavilles and Brissogne; in this area groundwater represents the main source of public water supply. The valley is oriented east-west, along the Baltea for a length of 13.1 km and a width of 4.6 km. The textural and hydrogeological properties of the deposits are strictly connected to glacial deposition and to the subsequent sedimentary processes which took place in glacial, lacustrine and fluvial systems. The study is based on available well information in the Aosta plain - including water wells (133) and piezometers (121) - which have been coded and stored in the well database TANGRAM,. The database facilitates interpretation of the well data, and it allows three-dimensional mapping of subsurface hydrogeological characteristics through database codification and ordinary kriging interpolation. The study is designed to achieve two objectives. The first is to provide the Aosta Public Authorities with a well database in order to simplify groundwater management. The second is to provide Public Authorities with a groundwater flow model of the local aquifer. The model integrates surface and subsurface flows in order to fully account for all important stresses, both natural and anthropogenic, on the groundwater system. It provides a tool for testing hypotheses (such as the impact of new wells) and thereby allows science-based management of the aquifer resource.

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