The effect of early-onset infections on serum apelin-12 concentration in full-term newborns

The early life gut microbiota has been reported to be involved in neonatal weight gain and later infant growth. Therefore, this early microbiota may constitute a target for the promotion of healthy neonatal growth and development with potential consequences for later life. Unfortunately, we are still far from understanding the association between neonatal microbiota and weight gain and growth. In this context, we evaluated the relationship between early microbiota and weight in a cohort of full-term infants. The absolute levels of specific fecal microorganisms were determined in 88 vaginally delivered and 36 C-section-delivered full-term newborns at 1 month of age and their growth up to 12 months of age. We observed statistically significant associations between the levels of some early life gut microbes and infant weight gain during the first year of life. Classifying the infants into tertiles according to their Staphylococcus levels at 1 month of age allowed us to observe a significantly lower weight at 12 months of life in the C-section-delivered infants from the highest tertile. Univariate and multivariate models pointed out associations between the levels of some fecal microorganisms at 1 month of age and weight gain at 6 and 12 months. Interestingly, these associations were different in vaginally and C-section-delivered babies. A significant direct association between Staphylococcus and weight gain at 1 month of life was observed in vaginally delivered babies, whereas in C-section-delivered infants, lower Bacteroides levels at 1 month were associated with higher later weight gain (at 6 and 12 months). Our results indicate an association between the gut microbiota and weight gain in early life and highlight potential microbial predictors for later weight gain.

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Interhemispheric amplitude symmetry in the EEGs of full-term newborns

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/0013-4694(77)90007-4 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 846-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jerald L Varner ◽

Robert J Ellingson ◽

Theresa Dahahy ◽

Bessmarie Nelson

Keyword(s):

Full Term ◽

Term Newborns

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Randomized clinical trial of the effect of the onset time of skin-to-skin contact at birth, immediate compared to early, on the duration of breastfeeding in full term newborns

International Breastfeeding Journal ◽

10.1186/s13006-021-00379-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sergio I Agudelo ◽

Oscar A Gamboa ◽

Eduardo Acuña ◽

Lina Aguirre ◽

Sarah Bastidas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Onset Time ◽

Full Term ◽

Breastfeeding Duration ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Skin To Skin

Abstract Background Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) compared to separation at birth has a positive effect on breastfeeding. However, separation at birth is common with negative impact on breastfeeding. The aim was to determine the effect of immediate SSC compared to early SSC on the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods A randomized multicentre parallel clinical trial was conducted in two hospitals in Cundinamarca (Colombia) between November 2018 and January 2020. Low-risk full term newborns at birth were included. Neonates were assigned to immediate (in the first minute after birth) or early onset (start exactly at 60 min of life) skin to skin contact. Monthly follow-up was performed until 6 months of age. The primary outcome was the percentage of exclusively breastfed infants at 6 months (time in months with human milk as the only source of food). Secondary outcomes were the percentage of infants with exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months, duration in months of exclusive breastfeeding, neonate’s breastfeeding ability, percentage of weight change between birth and the first week of life and hospitalization in the neonatal unit in the first week. A bivariate analysis was performed to determine the variables associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. A survival analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of the onset of SSC on exclusive breastfeeding duration. Results A total of 297 newborns were included: 49.8% (n = 148) in the immediate SSC group, and 50.2% (n = 149) in the early SSC group. The mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding in both groups was 5 months. There were no differences between the groups in the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months (relative risk [RR] 1.06, 95% CI 0.72, 1.58) or in the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (hazard ratio [HR] 0.98, 95% CI 0.74, 1.28). Conclusions The percentage of infants and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of age were the same between the two groups of SSC interventions. Given the current barriers to its implementation, the results of this study could positively impact the use of SSC at birth and standardize the intervention and improve breastfeeding indicators. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02687685.

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Experience With the Illuminated Endotracheal Tube in the Prevention of Unsafe Intubations in the Premature and Full-Term Newborn

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.93.3.389 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 389-391

Author(s):

Richard M. Heller ◽

Toni W. Heller

Keyword(s):

Endotracheal Tube ◽

Chest Wall ◽

Light Source ◽

Full Term ◽

Optimal Placement ◽

Bright Spot ◽

Outer Diameter ◽

Suprasternal Notch ◽

Thoracic Inlet ◽

Term Newborns

Objective. To determine whether an endotracheal tube modified by incorporation of a fiberoptic strand in the wall and connected to a light source could be safely and reliably positioned in premature and full-term newborns using transdermal siting of a bright spot on the skin at the suprastemal notch of the chest wall. Methods. All newborns in the Vanderbilt Neonatal Intensive Care Unit who were candidates for intubation by established clinical criteria, who were not already intubated, were candidates for the study. We defined optimal placement of the endotracheal tube to be one with the tip of the tube below the first thoracic vertebral body and no less than 0.5 cm above the carina or at T-4 (if the carina could not be seen on the radiograph). A light source was connected to the fiberoptic strand and the endotracheal tube positioned so that a circle of light was visible on the skin of the chest wall at the suprasternal notch. Results. In all 22 placements, the tube tip was below the larynx and above the canina. In 20 of the placements, the position was optimal between T-1 and T-4, whereas in the other 2 the tube tip was high between the larynx and the thoracic inlet. This system required that an endotracheal tube 0.5 mm smaller than usually used be utilized because of the slight increase in outer diameter due to the fiberoptic strand. Conventional suction catheters were used in this study. Conclusions. This study has shown that the illuminated endotracheal tube is a reliable device for accurate positioning in premature and full-term newborns using transdermal siting of a bright spot on the skin at the suprasternal notch.

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Effect of Various Phototherapy Regimens on Bilirubin Decrement

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.61.6.838 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 838-841

Author(s):

F. F. Rubaltelli ◽

V. Zanardo ◽

B. Granati

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Effect ◽

Bilirubin Level ◽

Treatment Efficacy ◽

Light Treatment ◽

Full Term ◽

Intermittent Illumination ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Reported Data

Continuous phototherapy in full-term newborns was found to be more effective than intermittent illumination. Treatment efficacy was also related to age and the initial bilirubin level of the infants. In fact, the reported data indicate an increased therapeutic effect in newborns affected with nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia who had an initial bilirubin level greater than 15 mg/dl as compared to neonates with an initial bilirubin level less than 15 mg/dl. The light treatment was also more effective in infants older than 3 days, possibly because of an increased ligandin and conjugating capacity. Shielding the hepatic area during illumination significantly decreased the efficiency of this treatment, suggesting that the liver could also be a phototherapeutic action site.

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Hearing and Behavioral Responses to Sound in Full-Term Newborns

Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1038/sj.jp.7200441 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 20 (S1) ◽

pp. S68-S76 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

M Kathleen Philbin RN PhD ◽

Patricia Klaas PhD

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Responses ◽

Full Term ◽

Term Newborns

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