Practical Design Guidelines for Surface Engineering

2001 ◽  
pp. 195-229
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Practical Design

Applying Combined Pinch and Exergy Analysis to Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine System Design

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Dhole ◽  
J. P. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Pinch Technology

Pinch technology has developed into a powerful tool for thermodynamic analysis of chemical processes and associated utilities, resulting in significant energy savings. Conventional pinch analysis identifies the most economical energy consumption in terms of heat loads and provides practical design guidelines to achieve this. However, in analyzing systems involving heat and power, for example, steam and gas turbines, etc., pure heat load analysis is insufficient. Exergy analysis, on the other hand, provides a tool for heat and power analysis, although at times it does not provide clear practical design guidelines. An appropriate combination of pinch and exergy analysis can provide practical methodology for the analysis of heat and power systems. The methodology has been successfully applied to refrigeration systems. This paper introduces the application of a combined pinch and exergy approach to commercial power plants with a demonstration example of a closed-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) system. Efficiency improvement of about 0.82 percent (50.2 to 51.02 percent) can be obtained by application of the new approach. More importantly, the approach can be used as an analysis and screening tool for the various design improvements and is generally applicable to any commercial power generation facility.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Distribution Matching for Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 958
Author(s):  
Stella Civelli ◽  
Marco Secondini
Keyword(s):  
Lower Layer ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Constant Composition ◽  
Distribution Matching ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Rate Loss ◽  
Complexity Increase

Probabilistic amplitude shaping—implemented through a distribution matcher (DM)—is an effective approach to enhance the performance and the flexibility of bandwidth-efficient coded modulations. Different DM structures have been proposed in the literature. Typically, both their performance and their complexity increase with the block length. In this work, we present a hierarchical DM (Hi-DM) approach based on the combination of several DMs of different possible types, which provides the good performance of long DMs with the low complexity of several short DMs. The DMs are organized in layers. Each upper-layer DM encodes information on a sequence of lower-layer DMs, which are used as “virtual symbols”. First, we describe the Hi-DM structure, its properties, and the encoding and decoding procedures. Then, we present three particular Hi-DM configurations, providing some practical design guidelines, and investigating their performance in terms of rate loss and energy loss. Finally, we compare the system performance obtained with the proposed Hi-DM structures and with their single-layer counterparts: a 0.19dB SNR gain is obtained by a two-layer Hi-DM based on constant composition DMs (CCDM) compared to a single-layer CCDM with same complexity; a 0.12dB gain and a significant complexity reduction are obtained by a Hi-DM based on minimum-energy lookup tables compared to a single-layer DM based on enumerative sphere shaping with same memory requirements.

CONSISTENCY OF FLY ASH AND METAKAOLIN CONCRETE

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiping Bai ◽  
Albinas Gailius
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
Prediction Limits

As high‐performance Portland cement (PC), fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK) concrete have been developed in wide applications, it has growing interest in optimizing and predicting consistency of fresh PC‐FA‐MK concrete for efficient and practical design and construction. This paper presents statistical models for predicting the consistency of concrete incorporating PC, FA and MK from the experimental results of standard consistency tests. They reflect the effect of variations of pozzolanic replacement materials including FA and MK at graduated replacement levels of up to 40% and 15%, respectively. The predictions produced are compared with the experimental results of consistency of concrete blends. Models show that they can be used to predict the consistency parameters including slump, compacting factor and Vebe time with a good degree of accuracy in a wide range of FA‐MK blends. Design guidelines for evaluating consistency parameters are tentatively recommended along with their confidence intervals for prediction limits at 5% significance levels. Santrauka Straipsnyje aprašyti cementbetonio mišinio su lakiaisiais pelenais ir metakaolinu konsistencijos (slankumo, sutankinamumo, Vebe rodiklio) tyrimai. Parenkant betono mišinių sudėtis buvo naudojami lakieji pelenai, kurie pakeisdavo iki 40 % portlandcemenčio ir metakaolinas, kurio buvo dedama iki 15 % cemento masės. Atitinkamai buvo keičiami ir portlandcemenčio kiekiai. Remiantis tyrimų rezultatais, pasiūlyti statistiniai modeliai įvairių sudėčių betono mišinio konsistencijai prognozuoti. Palyginus prognozuojamus ir eksperimentinių tyrimų betono mišinio konsistencijos rodiklius nustatyta, kad jie labai gerai koreliuoja. Todėl pasiūlytus statistinius prognozavimo modelius galima taikyti betonų technologijos praktikoje.

The Use of Decelerative Metal Cutting in the Design of Energy-Management Systems

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Pleck ◽  
L. D. Metz ◽  
T. F. Conry
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Collision Energy ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Cutting Energy ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Energy Absorbing

This paper focuses on the design principles basic to the development of devices that can be used to absorb and manage energy during collisions. Design guidelines and a chart are developed for minimum-stroke energy-absorbing devices. It is shown that decelerative metal-cutting displays force–velocity characteristics that are highly efficient for the management of collision energy in the majority of practical design applications of interest. Examples of metal-cutting energy-management devices are developed.

Trust in Identification Systems

2010 ◽  
pp. 453-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Cofta ◽  
Hazel Lacohée
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
The Continuum

This chapter is concerned with methodology. The authors utilise a case study of citizen identification systems (that are adopted or are in the process of consideration for adoption in several countries throughout the world) to illustrate the continuum of trust-related considerations and technology adoption, ranging from theoretical underpinnings of trust, to empirical studies, through to practical design guidelines. The interdisciplinary nature of the research calls for a mixed methodological approach that combines the best from various disciplines. Drawing from the authors’ rich experience and their numerous publications in this field, this chapter provides a practical example of a methodology that combines empirical and theoretical studies in trust and technology adoption to deliver clear operational and technical guidelines that may increase trust in identification systems.

Practical Design Guidelines for the Development of High-Precision Roll-to-Roll Slot-Die Coating Equipment and the Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1677-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwoo Seong ◽  
Janghoon Park ◽  
Jongsu Lee ◽  
Byoungjoon Ahn ◽  
Joong Hyun Yeom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Slot Die Coating ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Slot Die
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