Quasi-Experimental Study of Traffic Calming Measures in New York City

2013 ◽  
Vol 2364 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid Ewing ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Cynthia Chen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes ◽  
Matched Comparison

This paper provides a large-scale, rigorous evaluation of traffic calming projects in one U.S. city. The study area is New York City, which treated 391 streets with speed tables between 1996 and 2003. On the basis of crash frequencies for 5 years before treatment and 5 years after for treated streets and well-matched comparison streets, no evidence emerged that New York City's ambitious traffic calming program has led to a reduction in total crashes, pedestrian crashes, or injury crashes. This is in contrast to earlier, less carefully controlled evaluations that have reported significant reductions in crashes with traffic calming.

Jane Jacobs

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-169
Author(s):  
Paul Kidder ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Jane Jacobs ◽  
The People ◽  
Architectural Preservation ◽  
American Cities

Jane Jacobs’s classic 1961 book, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, famously indicted a vision of urban development based on large scale projects, low population densities, and automobile-centered transportation infrastructure by showing that small plans, mixed uses, architectural preservation, and district autonomy contributed better to urban vitality and thus the appeal of cities. Implicit in her thinking is something that could be called “the urban good,” and recognizable within her vision of the good is the principle of subsidiarity—the idea that governance is best when it is closest to the people it serves and the needs it addresses—a principle found in Catholic papal encyclicals and related documents. Jacobs’s work illustrates and illuminates the principle of subsidiarity, not merely through her writings on cities, but also through her activism in New York City, which was influential in altering the direction of that city’s subsequent planning and development.

‘from a musical point of view, the world is musical at any given moment’: an interview with bill fontana

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
jøran rudi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The World ◽  
American Composer ◽  
Brooklyn Bridge

bill fontana is an american composer and artist who has been working with large-scale sound installations since the 1970s. in his installations he recontextualises sounds by transmitting them from one location to another, and uses the transported sounds as acoustical ‘overlay’, masking the sounds naturally occurring in the installation spaces. his installations often occur in central urban environments, and he has, for example, been commissioned in conjunction with the fifty-year anniversary of d-day (1994, paris), and the 100-year anniversary of brooklyn bridge (1983, new york city).

scholarly journals Are Neighbors Friends or Foes? Assessing Airbnb Listings’ Agglomeration Effect in New York City

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Xie ◽  
Linchi Kwok ◽  
Cindy Yoonjoung Heo
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Econometric Analyses

This study investigates the agglomeration effect of Airbnb listings in New York City (NYC) and answers two research questions: (a) Does agglomeration benefit or hurt the performance of individual Airbnb listings? (b) How does the effect of agglomeration vary by hosts regarding their operational experience (measured by their capacity and tenure on Airbnb)? A series of econometric analyses using large-scale data of Airbnb in NYC reveal that agglomeration positively affects the revenue performance of each Airbnb listing. In addition, such an effect is strengthened as host tenure spans but mitigated as host capacity expands, indicating a nonsymmetric agglomeration effect across service providers. This research contributes an important but less researched perspective to the home-sharing literature. Managerial implications on leveraging agglomeration for improved revenue performance are provided to Airbnb and its hosts, as well as the hotel chains that want to combat Airbnb’s negative impacts or have already entered the short-term residential rental market to compete head-to-head with Airbnb.

scholarly journals Researcher, PI and CEO - Managing a Large Scale Environmental Restoration Project in New York City; Creating Expectations, Establishing Structure, Protocols and Realistic Outcomes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Beth Birney ◽  
George Diamantakos
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Environmental Restoration ◽  
School Students ◽  
Project Model

Abstract Research consistently shows that children who have opportunities to actively investigate natural settings and engage in problem-based learning greatly benefit from the experiences? This project developed a model of curriculum and community enterprise to address that issue within the nation's largest urban school system. Middle school students will study New York Harbor and the extensive watershed that empties into it, as they conducted field research in support of restoring native oyster habitats. The project builds on the existing Billion Oyster Project, and was implemented by a broad partnership of institutions and community resources, including Pace University, the New York City Department of Education, the Columbia University Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, the New York Academy of Sciences, the New York Harbor Foundation, the New York Aquarium, and others. The project model includes five interrelated components: A teacher education curriculum, a digital platform for project resources, museum exhibits, and an afterschool STEM mentoring program. It targets middle-school students in low-income neighborhoods with high populations of English language learners and students from groups underrepresented in STEM fields and education pathways. This paper explores the management of this large-scale project and provides insight with regard to the governance of the various project components.   Key words (project-based learning, environmental restoration, educational technology)

When Cities Borrow State Power: New York State's Empire State Development Corporation in New York City

2021 ◽  
pp. 107808742110671
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Marcello
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Level ◽  
City Government ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
State Development ◽  
Development Corporation ◽  
City State

Since the late 1960's New York State's Urban Development Corporation (UDC), now operating as the Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC), has been leveraged by New York City government to pursue large-scale projects. This paper examines two cases from New York City in which the city borrowed a state-controlled public authority's power to accomplish projects initiated at the local level: the case of Queens West, a development in western Queens, proposed in the early 1980s, and the case of Columbia - Manhattanville, an expansion of the Columbia University campus into Harlem, announced in 2003. These cases highlight how cities might, at times, embrace state involvement rather than lament its restrictions or rue its indifference. The study concludes by suggesting a theoretical path for incorporating such a city-state dynamic.

The Radburn Idea

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin E. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Design ◽  
New Town ◽  
Site Design ◽  
Lake Charles

This chapter examines Clarence Samuel Stein's interrelated community design, with particular emphasis on his Radburn Idea. It first takes a look at Stein's early large-scale unbuilt projects that demonstrate his emerging talent in site design, such as Sunnyside Park in Shelton, Connecticut, with Kohn in 1920; Fort Sheridan Gardens with Ernest Gruensfeldt; and the Spuyten Duyvil Housing Development in the northwest Bronx in 1923. It then considers Stein's development of Radburn to illustrate the benefits of communitarian regionalism: Radburn was conceived as a “complete town” for twenty-five thousand that would include “all the other facilities and conveniences which go to make for comfortable, pleasant living.” The chapter also discusses Stein's innovations in site design at Chatham Village in Pennsylvania; his design of Phipps Garden Apartments in New York City and the Wichita Art Institute; and his partnership with John W. Harris for the new town of Maplewood near Lake Charles, Louisiana.

The Rollout of Computer Science Education to Every Student in New York City: A Socio-Contextual Social Network Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Nathan Holbert ◽  
Betsy Disalvo ◽  
Matthew Berland
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Curricular Reform ◽  
Course Of Study

Background CS4All is an $81 million private-public investment aimed at creating the necessary infrastructure to provide computer science experiences to all New York City public-school students by 2025. Purpose In this paper, we examine the history of the CS4All initiative and document the network of actors and their relationships in the system such that we can understand how this reform is enacted, how it might be reactive to external contexts and pressures, and how the structure and pathways of this particular social network might inform similar efforts elsewhere. Research Design To structure our analysis of CS4All, we first examine the most recent historic example of a large-scale curricular reform—Man: A Course of Study (MACOS). By reflecting on the network structure of CS4All in light of the design, enactment, and eventual failure of MACOS, we can identify potential pain points and opportunities in CS4All's 10-year effort. We conducted interviews with core members of the CS4All initiative and examined available public records to construct and analyze a social network of key CS4All stakeholders, other actors, processes, and institutions. Conclusions In our analysis of the CS4All social network, we document how well-connected individuals simultaneously mobilized government resources and grassroots enthusiasm to create the conditions necessary for the initiation of this massive curricular reform effort, and describe the current pathways in place for decision making and resource distribution. Comparing the history and structure of the CS4All initiative to Man: A Course of Study —a failed nationwide curricular reform in the 1960s—we find that CS4All's centralized decision-making process and failure to create and distribute high quality formative assessment tools may lead to challenges to adoption. However, explicit efforts to solicit input from and communicate initiative values to the large diversity of stakeholders throughout NYC, as well as the innovation of a decentralized “buffet-style” curricular approach, may put CS4All on more sure footing.

Recurrent Collapse of the Fire Service in New York City: The Failure of Paramilitary Systems as a Phase Change

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Wallace
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Service Demand ◽  
Calls For Service

Analysis of persistent and recurring episodes of large-scale collapse of the fire service in New York City suggests a striking inverse to Granovetter's ‘strength of weak ties’ analysis of social system integration: that hierarchical paramilitary systems can become fatally unstable if locally based, strong self-interacting equivalence classes of units are unable to answer the vast majority of calls for service without assignment of units from other classes. A simple network-based model finds that an incremental increase in the probability that units must be shared between geographically centered classes leads to a sharply nonlinear, system-wide ‘phase transition’ from stability and localized demand to instability and a ‘delocalized’ service demand. Implications are explored for the continuing deterioration of the fire service in New York City and its considerable consequences for both public health and public order. More general questions of the interaction of extended but integrated social systems with paramilitary hierarchical structures are also examined.

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