scholarly journals A Critical Review on Lightweight Design of Battery Pack Enclosure for Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Ashvin Dhoke ◽  
◽  
Amol Dalavi
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell

An electric vehicle battery pack which is a gathering of battery modules which subsequently comprised of the battery cell is a primary source of control transmission for an Electric Vehicle (EV). The inappropriate design of the battery enclosure will cause many genuine issues, such as cracking, causing noise, or battery harm. At the same time, the weight of the battery enclosure is huge; in order to get better the driving range of the electric vehicle and diminish the influence of the battery on the vehicle dynamic performance and acceleration performance, it is essential to carry out the lightweight design of the battery enclosure. This paper reviews the multi-material battery enclosure design optimization, the multi- technologies, and a proficient Battery Management System (BMS) for compact battery pack design used to lightweight battery pack enclosure design; the multi-objective optimization approach for distinctive parameters of battery pack enclosure design optimization by diverse manufacturing techniques.

scholarly journals Smart Battery Pack for Electric Vehicles Based on Active Balancing with Wireless Communication Feedback

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Ricco ◽  
Jinhao Meng ◽  
Tudor Gherman ◽  
Gabriele Grandi ◽  
Remus Teodorescu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Active Balancing ◽  
Battery Cells

In this paper, the concept of smart battery pack is introduced. The smart battery pack is based on wireless feedback from individual battery cells and is capable to be applied to electric vehicle applications. The proposed solution increases the usable capacity and prolongs the life cycle of the batteries by directly integrating the battery management system in the battery pack. The battery cells are connected through half-bridge chopper circuits, which allow either the insertion or the bypass of a single cell depending on the current states of charge. This consequently leads to the balancing of the whole pack during both the typical charging and discharging time of an electric vehicle and enables the fault-tolerant operation of the pack. A wireless feedback for implementing the balancing method is proposed. This solution reduces the need for cabling and simplifies the assembling of the battery pack, making also possible a direct off-board diagnosis. The paper validates the proposed smart battery pack and the wireless feedback through simulations and experimental results by adopting a battery cell emulator.

scholarly journals A ΔSOC-based equalization strategy applied to industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maonan Wang ◽  
Chun Chang ◽  
Feng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Open Circuit ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Battery Cells

Abstract The voltage-based equalization strategy is widely used in the industry because the voltage (U) of the battery cell is very easy to obtain, but it is difficult to provide an accurate parameter for the battery management system (BMS). This study proposes a new equalization strategy, which is based on the difference between the state of charge (SOC) of any two battery cells in the battery pack, that is, a ΔSOC-based equalization strategy. The new strategy is not only as simple as the voltage-based equalization strategy, but it can also provide an accurate parameter for the BMS. Simply put, using the relationship between the open circuit voltage and the SOC of the battery pack, the proposed strategy can convert the difference between the voltage of the battery cells into ΔSOC, which renders a good performance. Additionally, the required parameters are all from the BMS, and no additional calculation is required, which makes the strategy as simple as the voltage-based balancing strategy. The four experiments show that the relative errors of ΔSOC estimated by the ΔSOC-based equalization strategy are 0.37%, 0.39%, 0.1% and 0.17%, and thereby demonstrate that the ΔSOC-based equalization strategy proposed in this study shows promise in replacing the voltage-based equalization strategy within the industry to obtain better performance.

Research on a Battery Balancing Method for Lithium-Ion Battery Pack of Electric Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 1842-1845
Author(s):  
Yi Ning Chen ◽  
Yu Gui ◽  
Hong He
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Topological Structure ◽  
Management System ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Key Technology

As the key technology of the electric vehicle, more and more research on battery management system has been done. And the balancing technology is the important part of battery management system. In this paper, a multi-inductor balancing method based on the Buck-Boost topological structure is used to improve batteries’ inconsistencies by obtaining parameters of the battery pack in real time. The proposed balancing method can improve batteries’ inconsistencies so as to increase the capacity utilization rate of the battery pack and prolong the battery lifespan. And in this paper a series of bench experiments were done to examine the effectiveness of the balancing method.

scholarly journals Active battery balancing system for electric vehicles based on cell charger

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1729
Author(s):  
Amin Amin ◽  
Alexander Christantho Budiman ◽  
Sunarto Kaleg ◽  
Sudirja Sudirja ◽  
Abdul Hapid
Keyword(s):  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Active Balancing ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Cell imbalance can cause negative effects such as early stopping of the battery charging and discharging process which can reduce its capacity. In the previous active balancing research, the energy used for the balancing process was taken from the cell or battery pack, resulting in drop of electric vehicle driving range. In this paper, a cell charger based battery balancing system is proposed with a reduction in the number of switches. The use of a cell charger aims to increase the usable energy of the battery pack, since the energy used for the balancing process is taken directly from the grid. The use of fewer switches aims to reduce the cost and space used on the battery management system (BMS) hardware. The charger used for the balancing process has a maximum current of 3 A and a maximum voltage of 3.65 V while the number of switches used is <em>n</em>+5 for <em>n</em> batteries. A 15S1P 200 Ah LiFePO<sub>4</sub> battery pack consists of 15 cells used for testing purpose. The test results show that the time needed to equalize the 15 cell battery voltage reaches 6 hours from the difference between the highest and lowest battery cell voltages of 145.1 mV to 15.1 mV.

Li-Ion Battery Pack Charging Process and Monitoring in Electric Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 504-509
Author(s):  
Yushaizad Yusof ◽  
Mohd Faiz Md. Adnan ◽  
Ralf Guenther ◽  
Mohd Hairi Mohd Zaman ◽  
Ahmad Asrul Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Voltage Level ◽  
Voltage Balancing ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Charging And Discharging Processes

This paper presents the charging process procedure of Li-ion Battery pack for electric vehicle, which is implemented based on constant current and constant voltage (CC-CV) mode. All the informations regarding battery voltage level, state of charge (SOC) during charging and discharging processes, and battery temperature, is displayed on computer via battery management system (BMS). During the charging process, the BMS monitors the voltage balancing in Li-ion battery pack, as well as the cells voltage in each modules. The voltage difference between the highest voltage cell and the lowest voltage cell is very small, which validates the voltage stability and balance in battery pack during the charging and discharging processes.

scholarly journals Active battery balancing system for electric vehicles based on cell charger

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Amin Amin ◽  
Alexander Christantho Budiman ◽  
Sunarto Kaleg ◽  
Sudirja Sudirja ◽  
Abdul Hapid
Keyword(s):  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Active Balancing ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lifepo4 Battery ◽  
The Cost

Cell imbalance can cause negative effects such as early stopping of the battery charging and discharging process which can reduce its capacity. In the previous active balancing research, the energy used for the balancing process was taken from the cell or battery pack, resulting in drop of electric vehicle driving range. In this paper, a cell charger based battery balancing system is proposed with a reduction in the number of switches. The use of a cell charger aims to increase the usable energy of the battery pack, since the energy used for the balancing process is taken directly from the grid. The use of fewer switches aims to reduce the cost and space used on the battery management system (BMS) hardware. The charger used for the balancing process has a maximum current of 3 A and a maximum voltage of 3.65 V while the number of switches used is n+5 for n batteries. A 15S1P 200 Ah LiFePO4 battery pack consists of 15 cells used for testing purpose. The test results show that the time needed to equalize the 15 cell battery voltage reaches 6 hours from the difference between the highest and lowest battery cell voltages of 145.1 mV to 15.1 mV.

scholarly journals Lithium-Ion Battery Cell-Balancing Algorithm for Battery Management System Based on Real-Time Outlier Detection

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhao Piao ◽  
Zhaoguang Wang ◽  
Ju Cao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Sheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Outlier Detection ◽  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Online Clustering ◽  
Cell Balancing

A novel cell-balancing algorithm which was used for cell balancing of battery management system (BMS) was proposed in this paper. Cell balancing algorithm is a key technology for lithium-ion battery pack in the electric vehicle field. The distance-based outlier detection algorithm adopted two characteristic parameters (voltage and state of charge) to calculate each cell’s abnormal value and then identified the unbalanced cells. The abnormal and normal type of battery cells were acquired by online clustering strategy and bleeding circuits (R= 33 ohm) were used to balance the abnormal cells. The simulation results showed that with the proposed balancing algorithm, the usable capacity of the battery pack increased by 0.614 Ah (9.5%) compared to that without balancing.

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