A Case Study of a 15-Minute City Concept in Singapore’s 2040 Land Transport Master Plan: 20-Minute Towns and a 45-Minute City

The 15-Minute city concept emerged as a response to the hyper-motorized city. First popularized by the Mayor of Paris in 2020, 15-Minute City is an evolving concept that derived from its predecessors such as neighborhood-unit planning and walkable city. This paper explores the implementation of the 15-Minute City concept in city planning by using Singapore as the case study. In 2018, Singapore released its Land Transport Master Plan 2040 and which includes an ambitious concept of 20-Minute Towns and a 45-Minute City (2MT45MC) and has similar ideas to the 15-Minute City concept. Through various journal articles and media coverage, Singapore’s policy and regulation regarding its transport planning were thoroughly reviewed to find Singapore’s strategy and challenges in realizing the objective of its 2MT45MC concept. Normalizing active mobility and enhancing connectivity nationwide are the main strategies to overcome the biggest challenges faced: lack of legal backing in personal mobility devices and the country’s rigid zoning. Even though it is too early to say whether 2MT45MC is achievable or not, projects such as the North-South Corridor show that for a long-term plan, it seems feasible.

Literature Review: Synthesis Methods of NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Aqueous Battery Applications

Today, the application of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles is increasing in the field of technology that is in great demand, thereby increasing the demand for industrial production. The use of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles can be applied in various technologies, including aqueous batteries. Therefore, an effective method for industrial production is needed. This paper aims to discuss and compare a more efficient method in the synthesis of NiFe2O4. The research method used is a literature review of 62 papers. There are several NiFe2O4 synthesis methods, namely Coprecipitation, Citrate Precursor Technique, Mechanical Alloying, Hydrothermal, Sonochemistry, Reverse Micelle, Sol-Gel, and Pulsed Wire Discharge. The results show that the effective synthesis method of NiFe2O4 is Hydrothermal. This is because the hydrothermal method is economically feasible, environmentally friendly, and has no requirement of high temperatures in the calcination process to produce the final product. The nanoparticle size is around 29.39 nm. This paper is expected to assist in selecting the synthesis method of NiFe2O4.

Science Teaching Materials for Students with Special Needs: Concept of Exhaust Emissions in Transportation Equipment

The purpose of this study was to find out science learning materials for students with special needs regarding the concept of exhaust emissions in transportation equipment. The research method used experimental demonstration. We prepared research instruments for learning the concept of exhaust emissions in transportation equipment for students with special needs. The results showed that several tools and materials must be provided and several lists of research instrument questions were made. In addition to tools and materials, methods and media must also be adapted to the needs of the child. That’s because the methods and media that are in accordance with the needs of students can make it easier for students to understand the learning material. We hope that the results of this study can make it easier for teachers to teach the concept of exhaust gas emission on transportation equipment, especially for students with special needs.

Parametric Study of Factors Affecting Lateral Stability of a Public Transportation Vehicle

The availability of public transport is one of the solutions to traffic congestion in Jakarta. Focusing on angkot, one of the public transport types in Jakarta, this study discusses a model and simulations to investigate several factors that affect its lateral stability. Those factors include rear tire inflation pressure, passenger configuration, velocity, and downhill inclination angle. The results show that the stability of an angkot is proportional to the rear tires cornering stiffness. It also has an indirect relationship with the passenger configuration within the angkot. Moreover, the stability of an angkot decreases as its velocity and the angle of the inclined road increase. In general, this study is expected to have a contribution to the development of public transport in Jakarta, especially angkot.

A Critical Review on Lightweight Design of Battery Pack Enclosure for Electric Vehicles

An electric vehicle battery pack which is a gathering of battery modules which subsequently comprised of the battery cell is a primary source of control transmission for an Electric Vehicle (EV). The inappropriate design of the battery enclosure will cause many genuine issues, such as cracking, causing noise, or battery harm. At the same time, the weight of the battery enclosure is huge; in order to get better the driving range of the electric vehicle and diminish the influence of the battery on the vehicle dynamic performance and acceleration performance, it is essential to carry out the lightweight design of the battery enclosure. This paper reviews the multi-material battery enclosure design optimization, the multi- technologies, and a proficient Battery Management System (BMS) for compact battery pack design used to lightweight battery pack enclosure design; the multi-objective optimization approach for distinctive parameters of battery pack enclosure design optimization by diverse manufacturing techniques.

Orchestrating Innovation Network: Case of Sustainable Transportation Technology

Currently, the transportation sectors are heading into the advancement of sustainable transportation technology to tackle the issue of unsustainable transportation system which leads to various drawbacks in the future. One of the innovation in sustainable transportation technology is the development of electric vehicle (EV). However, there are noticeable difference between sustainable transportation system and conventional transportation system that requires a massive and synchronous network of related stakeholders to keep innovating and catch up with the progression. On the other side, transportation sector is one of the sector with the massive development that has the consequences of high risk and uncertainty, which leads to the tendency of innovation avoidance. Therefore, the innovation network of EV needs to be nurtured to ensure its sustainability. From the previous study on various sectors, the innovation strategy focuses on two matters: innovation target and actor integration. The latter purpose is required to be conducted in an inclusive manner by engaging people from inside or outside the organization. In the case of innovation in sustainable transportation, the vertical approach plays a significant role in terms of fostering technological advancement. The main solution to reach this objective is through the well-established research ecosystem, which significantly supported by R&D investment by the government. The government takes the role of the innovation strategy implementer to establish a strong research network. Besides as the R&D funder and the hub between researcher and industry, the government also take a role to keep the dynamics of an ecosystem through interaction stimulation, while also engage the innovation results to be relevant with the social, technological, environmental, and economic problems. Moreover, the research center also takes an important role in the ecosystem, such as to engage reiteratively with the industry, become the open-innovation enabler, have the dedicated research agenda, become the multidisciplinary innovation enabler, collaborate with multi-stakeholders, has core research infrastructure, and become the innovation cultural hub. While the country’s industrialization demand keep rising, the research center could consistently become the intermediaries in conducting the research and build the relationship with other non-industry actor. This way, the high risk and uncertainty of innovation could be reduced.

Rest Area Development in Central Java (Case Study: Rest Area on Semarang–Solo Toll Road)

The construction of the road network is carried out to support the growth and acceleration of the economic process and the development of the tourism industry. It is also projected to improve the socio-economic conditions of the community. In the last few years, the Central Java Government has built toll roads to connect several cities in Central Java in one fast lane. However, it was not followed by the construction of supporting facilities such as rest area that serves a place to rest for motorists when they experience fatigue during long trips. The existence of the place is still limited, and it was not evenly distributed along the toll road, causing long queues at the entrance of some rest area when the volume of the vehicles is overflow. Based on these problems, the purpose of this research is to study and develop the requirement of rest area that can meet the needs of motorists traveling through the toll roads in Central Java. To achieve these objectives, this research used a qualitative descriptive method to describe and explain the problems in the field, and further analyze them to get a comprehensive result. The result of this research is presented in the form of published research reports and scientific articles. It is expected to provide benefits to the relevant scientific field, especially those related to architecture in developing rest areas that suit the needs of road users.

Development of Conceptual Design for Electric Bus Body Structure Using Simple Structural Surface Method

An optimum design for a vehicle structure is always desired because the structure can significantly affect the vehicle's performance. However, some complex iterations are usually involved in the designing process. The objective of the present study is to implement the Simple Structural Surfaces (SSS) method for analyzing electric bus body structure that can reduce complexity in the stage of conceptual design. The SSS method model the vehicle structure as several planar sheets and determine the forces in each sheet. Implementing the SSS method at the early stage of the vehicle's development can minimize the number of parameter changes needed during the late stage of development. The results showed that compared with the results obtained from FEM, the SSS method gave the maximum stress value on the chassis in good accordance. Yet, the downside of using this method is that determining the deflections in the structure becomes a little bit complicated. Successfully implementing this strategy can reduce the time and cost required to develop an effective vehicle structure.

Study of Public Transport Development in South Bali Districts: Potential Public Transport Mode

Bali Province in Indonesia is one of the most attractive tourist destinations in the world. The number of tourists visiting this province keeps increasing year by year parallel with the increase of the population of local citizens. Such a phenomenon will certainly increase travel demand and put pressure on the current transport infrastructure. Hence, transport infrastructure development is essential to support the travel demand. This study explores the possibility of implementing a new public transport system in the South Bali District, a district with numerous tourist attractions and activity centres. Data collection on the current transport system and land use in the district were carried out to understand potential corridors for public transport. A stated preference survey was also conducted to discover the public transport mode preferred by the respondents, encompassing tourists and local citizens. This study then recommends the type of public transport mode to be implemented in the district based on i) space availability, ii) respondent preference, and iii) ability to accommodate demand based on calculation. The study concludes that Automated Rapid Transit (ART) is a mode that has the highest potential to be implemented in South Bali Districts.