scholarly journals Recent emerging gut Microbiome Management Modalities in Acute Diarrhea in Children: (a comparative study review of different probiotic strains). An Update. !

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
AMR I.M. Hawal
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solutions ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Potential Interactions

Aims & Objectives: Acute Diarrhea (AD) is a highly prevalent condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Conventional therapies include oral Rehydration Solutions (ORS), Antibiotics and Zinc Products. Emerging data suggest that Probiotics use in the treatment & control of AD cases in children may help supplement current therapies for further control. Methods Herein, we review the evidence of several Probiotics modalities for AD treatment. We describe the Clinical Impact & prevalence of Acute Diarrhea in children and its complications, provide an overview of current treatments, and finally, discuss recent emergent Gut approaches to AD management. Specifically, we will describe - in a Comparative study - on the utility of different kinds of Probiotics known & used and common natural products in the treatment of Acute cases of AD and focus on recent, high-quality studies. Adverse effects and potential interactions of each therapy will be highlighted where applicable.

Natural Approaches in Diabetes Management: A Review of Diet, Exercise, and Natural Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Schultz ◽  
Tina Varghese ◽  
Robert E. Heinl ◽  
Devinder S. Dhindsa ◽  
Elliot N. Mahlof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oral Pharmacological Agents ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatments ◽  
Potential Interactions

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. Conventional therapies include lifestyle modification, oral pharmacological agents, and subcutaneous insulin. Emerging data suggest that natural approaches to the treatment of DM may help supplement current therapies for further glycemic control. Herein, we review the evidence of several natural modalities for DM treatment. We describe the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications, provide an overview of current pharmacologic treatments, and finally, discuss natural approaches to diabetes management. Specifically, we will describe on the utility of diet, physical activity, and common natural products in the treatment of DM and focus on recent, high-quality studies. Adverse effects and potential interactions of each therapy will be highlighted where applicable.

Oral Rehydration Therapy for Acute Diarrhea in Ambulatory Children in the United States: A Double-Blind Comparison of Four Different Solutions

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathuram Santosham ◽  
Barbara Burns ◽  
Vinay Nadkarni ◽  
Stephan Foster ◽  
Steven Garrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solutions ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Us Children

Oral rehydration solutions containing 50 to 90 mmol/L of sodium have recently been recommended for the treatment of diarrhea in both hospitalized and ambulatory children in the United States. Few data are available, however, from ambulatory US children. Therefore, we conducted a randomized double-blind study comparing the use of four different oral rehydration solutions with differing concentrations of sodium, glucose, and base. Ambulatory children less than 2 years of age with acute diarrhea (N = 140) were randomly chosen to receive solutions containing sodium at 90 (solution A), 50 (solution B), and 30 mmol/L (solutions C and D). All oral rehydration solutions contained 20 g/L of glucose except solution D which contained 50 g/L of glucose. Solution A contained bicarbonate as its base source whereas the other three contained citrate. All but three (98%) children were treated uneventfully according to the study protocol, and there were no differences among groups in measurements of clinical outcome. It was concluded that in ambulatory US children, oral rehydration solutions containing 90, 50, or 30 mmol/L of sodium can be used safely for the treatment of mild acute diarrhea and that citrate is as efficacious as bicarbonate in the correction of acidosis.

Use of a Single Solution for Oral Rehydration and Maintenance Therapy of Infants With Diarrhea and Mild to Moderate Dehydration

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-645
Author(s):  
Mitchell B. Cohen ◽  
Adam G. Mezoff ◽  
D. Wayne Laney ◽  
Jorge A. Bezerra ◽  
Bernadette M. Beane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solutions ◽  
Single Solution

Objective. To compare the efficacy of two commonly used solutions in the rehydration of infants with mild to moderate dehydration caused by acute diarrhea in the United States. Design and setting. Double-blind, parallel-group, randomized study performed at Children's Hospital Medical Center. Patients. Sixty infant boys (≤2 years old), with mild (≤5%) or moderate (6 to 9%) dehydration caused by acute diarrhea of less than 1 week's duration were included in the study. Interventions. Infants were randomly assigned to receive treatment with either a glucose-based oral rehydration solution (ORS) (Pedialyte, Ross Laboratories, Columbus, OH) or a rice syrup solids-based ORS (Infalyte, Mead Johnson Nutritional Group, Evansville, IN). After rehydration was achieved, patients entered a maintenance phase during which, in addition to a maintenance ORS, breast milk or a soy-based formula was offered infants older than 1 year were also given a lactose-free diet. Outcome measures. Rehydration was judged clinically. Infants remained on a metabolic bed during the study in to separate and quantitate urine and stool output. Therefore, in addition to clinical outcome, we compared intake, output and apparent absorption and retention of fluid, sodium, and potassium between groups. Results. All patients were successfully rehydrated using an ORS without the use of intravenous fluids. No differences were detected between treatment groups in time to rehydration, percentage of weight gain after rehydration, consumption of ORS to achieve rehydration, or stool output. However, the apparent sodium absorption (net intake less fecal output) was greater in the Infalyte group than the Pedialyte group during the first 24 hours. Conclusion. The two maintenance oral electrolyte solutions (Pedialyte and Infalyte) most commonly used in the United States are effective as rehydration solutions for infants with mild to moderate dehydration. We speculate that a strategy for oral rehydration therapy in the United States, based on the use of a single solution during the rehydration and maintenance phase, might gain additional acceptance by practicing pediatricians and family physicians.

Treatment of acute diarrhea with oral rehydration solutions containing glutamine.

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ribeiro Júnior ◽  
T Ribeiro ◽  
A Mattos ◽  
C Palmeira ◽  
D Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solutions

Are oral rehydration solutions optimized for treating diarrhea?

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602199164
Author(s):  
Samuel N Cheuvront ◽  
Robert W Kenefick ◽  
Laura Luque ◽  
Katherine M Mitchell ◽  
Sadasivan Vidyasagar
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solutions ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Stool Volume

Background: A historical turning point occurred in the treatment of diarrhea when it was discovered that glucose could enhance intestinal sodium and water absorption. Adding glucose to salt water (oral rehydration solution, ORS) more efficiently replaced intestinal water and salt losses. Aim: Provide a novel hypothesis to explain why mainstream use of ORS has been strongly recommended, but weakly adopted. Methods: Traditional (absorptive) and novel (secretory) physiological functions of glucose in an ORS were reviewed. Results: Small amounts of glucose can stimulate both intestinal absorption and secretion. Glucose can exacerbate a net secretory state and may aggravate pathogen-induced diarrhea, particularly for pathogens that affect glucose transport. Conclusion: A hypothesis is made to explain why glucose-based ORS does not appreciably reduce diarrheal stool volume and why modern food science initiatives should focus on ORS formulations that replace water and electrolytes while also reducing stool volume and duration of diarrhea.

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