scholarly journals Violation of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 for Crimes Against Humanity in Myanmar and China

Jurnal Selat ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-217
Author(s):  
Fithriatus Shalihah ◽  
Muhammad Raka Fiqri ◽  
Mohd. Arief
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Since the birth of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, it has been a marker and guide in which it is hoped that in the future, there will be no more violations of human rights around the world, every human being has the right to a decent life and a peaceful life, free to embrace religion and life without discrimination, But this is not the case in Myanmar and China. So far, various facts have shown human rights violations committed by the Government of Myanmar and China, acts of discrimination, restrictions on freedom of religious rituals, and acts of severe crimes against humanity such as Genocide. Countries that should be the subject of international law that protects the human rights of their citizens are perpetrators of human rights crimes against them, international organizations such as the United Nations cannot do much in dealing with human rights violations and crimes against humanity that occur, this paper will discuss how the judicial review of UDHR violations against crimes against humanity that occurred in Myanmar and China and how the United Nations should play a role. The research method used is normative legal research using secondary data, primary legal materials, namely the 1948 UDHR and international legal instruments, and secondary legal materials of a literary nature such as books, journals, articles, and newspapers from internet sites that the author considers relevant related to the object written discussion.

Equality

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-190
Author(s):  
William A. Schabas
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Distinct Field ◽  
Special Protection

The right to equality and the prohibition of discrimination is normally formulated with respect to specific grounds. In the Charter of the United Nations, these are race, sex, language, and religion. The list was expanded in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, where it was also prefaced by the words ‘such as’ thereby recognising that distinctions based upon unenumerated categories might also be encompassed. These might include age, disability, and sexual orientation, for example. International law also provides special protection for children. Related to non-discrimination is the distinct field of protection of minorities, which are identifiable on the basis of ethnicity, language, and religion, and of indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals Legal Protection Againts Violations of Human Rights That Abuse Uighur Ethnic Women in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Endah Rantau Itasari ◽  
Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes

The purpose of this research is to respect the legal protection of ethnic Uighur women in Xinjiang, China from the perspective of International Human Rights and to find out and study the resolution of cases of serious international human rights violations against ethnic Uighur women in Xinjiang, China. Legal protection for women of Uighur ethnicity is based on articles 3,4,5,9,10,11, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, namely by providing protection in the form of protection of the right to life, the rights to freedom, and the right to personal security, and others that are regulated in international legal instruments. 2) Serious human rights violations committed by the government of Xinjiang, China are not justified by international law because they violate the provisions stipulated in the subsequent Universal Declaration of Human Rights for the incidents of human rights violations, so the settlement of disputes between the two parties is carried out by negotiation or mediation. first. If this method is not effective, the UN Security Council can submit the case to an international court such as the International Criminal Court as regulated in article 1 of the 1998 Rome Statute.

scholarly journals The Role of Parents in Optimizing Gadgets for Childrens Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Intan Nur Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this research is to respect the legal protection of ethnic Uighur women in Xinjiang, China from the perspective of International Human Rights and to find out and study the resolution of cases of serious international human rights violations against ethnic Uighur women in Xinjiang, China. Legal protection for women of Uighur ethnicity is based on articles 3,4,5,9,10,11, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, namely by providing protection in the form of protection of the right to life, the rights to freedom, and the right to personal security, and others that are regulated in international legal instruments. 2) Serious human rights violations committed by the government of Xinjiang, China are not justified by international law because they violate the provisions stipulated in the subsequent Universal Declaration of Human Rights for the incidents of human rights violations, so the settlement of disputes between the two parties is carried out by negotiation or mediation. If this method is not effective, the UN Security Council can submit the case to an international court such as the International Criminal Court as regulated in article 1 of the 1998 Rome Statute.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

1996 ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Editorial board Of the Journal
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
The United Nations

GENERAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS Adopted and proclaimed in resolution 217 A (III) of the General Assembly of the United Nations of 10.12.1948

The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian MacNaughton ◽  
Mariah McGill
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
United Nations High Commissioner ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Right

For over two decades, the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) has taken a leading role in promoting human rights globally by building the capacity of people to claim their rights and governments to fulfill their obligations. This chapter examines the extent to which the right to health has evolved in the work of the OHCHR since 1994, drawing on archival records of OHCHR publications and initiatives, as well as interviews with OHCHR staff and external experts on the right to health. Analyzing this history, the chapter then points to factors that have facilitated or inhibited the mainstreaming of the right to health within the OHCHR, including (1) an increasing acceptance of economic and social rights as real human rights, (2) right-to-health champions among the leadership, (3) limited capacity and resources, and (4) challenges in moving beyond conceptualization to implementation of the right to health.

scholarly journals The Human Right to Water and Unconventional Energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Palmer ◽  
Damien Short ◽  
Walter Auch
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Right

Access to water, in sufficient quantities and of sufficient quality is vital for human health. The United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (in General Comment 15, drafted 2002) argued that access to water was a condition for the enjoyment of the right to an adequate standard of living, inextricably related to the right to the highest attainable standard of health, and thus a human right. On 28 July 2010 the United Nations General Assembly declared safe and clean drinking water and sanitation a human right essential to the full enjoyment of life and all other human rights. This paper charts the international legal development of the right to water and its relevance to discussions surrounding the growth of unconventional energy and its heavy reliance on water. We consider key data from the country with arguably the most mature and extensive industry, the USA, and highlight the implications for water usage and water rights. We conclude that, given the weight of testimony of local people from our research, along with data from scientific literature, non-governmental organization (NGO) and other policy reports, that the right to water for residents living near fracking sites is likely to be severely curtailed. Even so, from the data presented here, we argue that the major issue regarding water use is the shifting of the resource from society to industry and the demonstrable lack of supply-side price signal that would demand that the industry reduce or stabilize its water demand per unit of energy produced. Thus, in the US context alone, there is considerable evidence that the human right to water will be seriously undermined by the growth of the unconventional oil and gas industry, and given its spread around the globe this could soon become a global human rights issue.

scholarly journals Designing Work with People Living with Dementia: Reflecting on a Decade of Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11742
Author(s):  
Paul A. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Right To Work ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Right

The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights is widely acknowledged as a landmark document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives from all over the world, the declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 (General Assembly resolution 217 A) as a common standard for all peoples and all nations. The declaration sets out a series of articles that articulate a number of fundamental human rights to be universally protected. Article 23 of the declaration relates to the right to work and states that people have a human right to work, or engage in productive employment, and may not be prevented from doing so. The right to work is enshrined in international human rights law through its inclusion in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, where the right to work emphasizes economic, social and cultural development. This paper presents ongoing research that highlights how a disruptive co-design approach contributes to upholding UN Article 23 through the creation of a series of innovative working practices developed with people living with dementia. The research, undertaken in collaboration with several voluntary and third sector organizations in the UK, looks to break the cycle of prevailing opinions, traditional mindsets, and ways-of-doing that tend to remain uncontested in the health and social care of people living with dementia. As a result, this research has produced a series of innovative work opportunities for people living with dementia and their formal and informal carers that change the perception of dementia by showing that people living with dementia are capable of designing and making desirable products and offering much to UK society after diagnosis. In this ongoing research, the right to continue to work for people living with dementia post-diagnosis in creative and innovative ways has clearly helped to reconnect them to other people, helped build their self-esteem, identity and dignity and helped keep the person with dementia connected to their community, thus delaying the need for crisis interventions. This paper reports on a series of future work initiatives for people living with dementia where we have used design as a disruptive force for good to ensure that anyone diagnosed with dementia can exercise their right to work and engage in productive and rewarding employment.

The Significance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: The record so far and future prospects

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (63) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
Albert Verdoodt
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Social Council ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Condition Of Women

On the 10th December 1948, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which had been drawn up by a series of meetings of the Commission of Human Rights and the Commission on the Condition of Women as well as major discussions which took place during the first seven sessions of the Economic and Social Council. The General Assembly presented this Declaration “as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education … and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance …”

Rape and Human Rights

PMLA ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1662-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Franco
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
International Criminal Tribunal ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
War Criminals ◽  
The United Nations

According to the report of the United Nations commission on Human Rights, rape is the least condemned war crime (coomaraswamy, Further Promotion 64n263). Although wartime rape was listed as a crime against humanity by the Nuremberg Military Tribunals and by the Geneva Conventions, it was not until 2001 that the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia identified rapists as war criminals. In that year the tribunal sentenced three men for violations of the laws or customs of war (torture, rape) and crimes against humanity (torture, rape) committed during the war in Bosnia during the 1993 takeover of Foca, where women were systematically raped and killed, the purpose being “to destroy an ethnic group by killing it, to prevent its reproduction or to disorganize it, removing it from its home soil.”

4. The International Bill of Human Rights

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Rhona K. M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Civil And Political Rights ◽  
The United Nations

This chapter analyses the history and principles of the International Bill of Human Rights, which is the ethical and legal basis for all the human rights work of the United Nations. The Bill consists of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, two Optional Protocols annexed thereto, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights and Protocol. The chapter also assesses whether the Bill of Human Rights has lived up to the expectations of the original proponents.

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