"What Do You Expect? That We All Dance and Be Happy?" Second-Generation Immigrants and Germany's 1999 Citizenship Reform

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Sandra Bucerius
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
Generation Immigrant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
National Citizenship ◽  
Citizenship Norms

Based on a five-year ethnography, this article looks at Germany's citizenship reform of 1999 from the perspective of a population that is often at the center of attention: second generation immigrant drug dealers. While the reform had the potential to make a significant difference for this group, with respect to both their legal status in the country and perception of Germany, the findings of this article show that the reform did not have such an impact. On the contrary, the reform seems to have had the opposite effect, alienating the young men even more from Germany by keeping citizenship out of reach for them. While some have argued that in the light of supranational citizenship norms and the discourse of citizenship rights as human rights, national citizenship becomes increasingly unimportant as new forms of post-national citizenship gradually emerge, this does not seem to hold true for the young men of this study.

The Culturally Contested Lives of Muslim Youth and American Teenagers

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
John O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Muslim American ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Media

This introductory chapter provides the background of a group of young men, referred to as the “Legendz,” who were urban American teenagers and second-generation immigrants. These young men were also self-identified and practicing Muslims embedded in a tightknit religious community. As some of the central cultural expectations associated with urban American teenage life were understood to be in tension with or even direct opposition to those locally associated with being a “good Muslim,” these young men led what can be called culturally contested lives. As such, the everyday lives of the Legendz were characterized in part by the presence of two competing sets of cultural expectations, or what can be called cultural rubrics: urban American teen culture, as manifested in their schools, peer groups, and the media they consumed; and religious Islam, as locally practiced in their mosque and by their families. Precisely how these young Muslim American men innovated and applied creative social solutions to their immediate cultural dilemmas, and how these efforts marked them as fundamentally similar to a broad range of other American teenagers, is the focus of this book.

scholarly journals Vietnamese Parents and Czech Nannies: Second-Generation Immigrant Children and their Educators

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adéla Souralová
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
Generation Immigrant ◽  
The Moment

Many second-generation Vietnamese immigrant children in the Czech Republic are brought up by Czech nannies. While their parents are incorporated into the labour market in order to provide their children with suffi cient economic capital for their education, the role of caregivers is relinquished to nannies. Both parents and nannies become important actors in the children’s educational process, from the stage of acquiring fi rst words, through primary school, to the moment they are admitted into university. This paper analyses the roles of parents and nannies in this educational process. It draws upon 60 interviews conducted with fi rst-generation immigrant mothers, second-generation immigrants, and Czech nannies. The perspective of all three actors are presented here in order to reveal the interviewee’s understanding of the role of education in the parent-child and nanny-child relationships. How is education manifested in the defi nitions of parenting and caregiving? The paper illuminates the educational strategies taking place outside the educational institution as being an inherent part of everyday life. Simultaneously, the article reveals the meanings of education for the immigrant families as being linked both to past experience and future expectations.

The Impact of Mis-Recognition on Homeland for Muslim Second-Generation Immigrants in Post-9/11 America

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Alycia Pirmohamed
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
Generation Immigrant ◽  
The Impact

This article examines literatures written largely within the last three years by poets Kazim Ali, Fatimah Asghar, and Tarfia Faizullah. It illustrates how Muslim second-generation immigrant writers construct figurative homelands that reclaim or reject their Western/ancestral identities by interrogating “them” versus “us” binaries and/or crafting notions of the “we” on which they belong. This research is guided by studies on the perceptions and mis-recognitions of Muslims since 11 September 2001 by Sadia Abbas, Naseem L. Aumeerally, and Arjun Appadurai. Overall, it examines the profound impact of 9/11 on Muslim second-generation immigrants’ sense of homeland, belonging, and security in America.

scholarly journals Russian-Speaking Immigrants in Post-Soviet Estonia: Towards Generation Fragmentation or Integration in Estonian Society

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellu Saar ◽  
Siim Krusell ◽  
Jelena Helemae
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Occupational Position ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants

The disadvantages experienced by immigrants in education and labour markets have been of growing concern in many countries in recent years. However, little research has been undertaken on ethnic inequalities in labour markets in Eastern Europe, and especially in post-Soviet societies. This article considers the integration of the immigrant population into the labour market in post-Soviet Estonia, where the context and peculiarities of the arrived population are quite different from the assumptions of Western immigrant integration theories. The Russian-speaking population arrived in Estonia after World War II as internal migrants, because Estonia was part of the Soviet Union. A remarkably high proportion of them were well educated. After Estonia regained its independence in 1991, the context of integration changed radically, and the legal status of internal Soviet Union migrants was redefined. To account for these societal and political changes, we suggest making an analytical distinction between generations of immigrants in a demographic sense (being born in Estonia) and an integrational sense (becoming an integral part of the host society, in the labour market - having more similar patterns to those of the native population in the context of labour market outcomes). This distinction impacts differently on different age cohorts and we analysed outcomes of labour market integration alongside both nativity generations and age cohorts. Our analysis based on the 2011-2013 Labour Force Surveys shows that, while in most Western countries there are tendencies of convergence between natives and second-generation immigrants regarding structural integration, in Estonia the dynamics are different. The net disadvantage of young second-generation immigrants relative to their Estonian counterparts is either more pronounced compared to the disadvantage of their ‘parents’ age cohort relative to their Estonian peers (with regard to the risks of unemployment or chances of obtaining a high occupational position) or becoming less pronounced, but only for the highly educated portion of second generations (in terms of self-assessed over-education).

scholarly journals Mood disorders in first- and second-generation immigrants: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Mindlis ◽  
Paolo Boffetta
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
Generation Immigrant ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Summary Relative Risk ◽  
First And Second Generation

BackgroundAlthough there are consistent reports of higher psychosis rates among immigrants, the information on mood disorders is limited.AimsTo review and quantify the difference in incidence of mood disorders in first- and second-generation immigrant (FGI and SGI) groupsv.non-immigrants.MethodPubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched for articles from cohort studies reporting incidence of mood disorders among FGIs and SGIs.ResultsEighteen studies met our inclusion criteria. The summary relative risk (RR) for FGIs was 1.25 (95% CI 1.11–1.41), based on 17 effect sizes and 6120 cases, and 1.16 (95% CI 0.96–1.40) for SGIs based on three effect sizes. Men seemed at higher risk (RR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.06–1.56).ConclusionsClinicians should view FGIs as a group at risk of mood disorders, especially men. Further research is needed to understand immigrants' risk, especially in SGI.

scholarly journals Conduct Disorder in Immigrant Children and Adolescents: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10643
Author(s):  
Mehdi Osooli ◽  
Henrik Ohlsson ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Kristina Sundquist
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
Generation Immigrant ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Introduction. Conduct disorder is a psychiatric diagnosis characterized by repetitive and persistent norm-breaking behavior. This study aimed to compare the risk of conduct disorder between first- and second-generation immigrant children and adolescents and their native controls. Methods. In this nationwide, open-cohort study from Sweden, participants were born 1987–2010, aged 4–16 years at baseline, and were living in the country for at least one year during the follow-up period between 2001 and 2015. The sample included 1,902,526 and 805,450 children-adolescents with native and immigrant backgrounds, respectively. Data on the conduct disorder diagnoses were retrieved through the National Patient Register. We estimated the incidence of conduct disorder and calculated adjusted Hazard Ratios. Results. Overall, the adjusted risk of conduct disorder was lower among first-generation immigrants and most second-generation immigrant groups compared with natives (both males and females). However, second-generation immigrants with a Swedish-born mother and a foreign-born father had a higher risk of conduct disorder than natives. Similar results were found for sub-diagnoses of conduct disorder. Conclusions. The higher risk of conduct disorder among second-generation immigrants with a Swedish-born mother and the lower risk among most of the other immigrant groups warrants special attention and an investigation of potential underlying mechanisms.

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