scholarly journals Promising hybrids of Asiatic lilies breeding of All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery

Author(s):  
O. A. Sorokopudova

The purpose of the work was to select hybrids of Asian lilies promising for landscaping from the gene pool of the All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery, to characterize their advantages. Peculiarities of hybridization (the optional isolation of stigmas and castration) are refl ected, as well as grouping of lilies by fl owering time and height of fl ower-bearing shoots, valuable traits for breeding. The main features taken into account in the preparation of combinations of crosses and selecting seedlings in order to obtain hybrids that are diverse in appearance and stable in culture were: fl owering periods – from early to latest, infl orescence shape – from hemispherical to pyramidal, compact infl orescence, anthers sterility, originality forms and colours of fl owers, resistance to botrythiosis and alternariosis, ability to vegetative propagation by traditional methods, including the ability to form bulbills in the leaf axils. Ten promising Asian hybrids have been selected from the Institute’s hybrid lily fund, which are stable in open ground culture, varied in colour (one-colour and two-colour in various tones), fl ower shape (wide open, cup-shaped, chalmoid), fl ower-bearing shoot height (from short to tall), fl owering periods (from early to medium late). Among them ‘Alye Parusa’ and ‘Izyashchnaya’ are originally from Lilium davidii and are characterized by high drought tolerance, tall, elegant fl owers; ‘Ogonek’, 15.17 and 15.22 possess cytoplasmic male sterility; ‘Ogonek’, 15.17 and 15.21 possess early or medium early fl owering; ‘Meduza’, ‘Ogni Biryulevo’, ‘Tsaritsa’ possess an interesting coloring of fl owers; ‘Alye Parusa’, ‘Zagorye’, ‘Izyashchnaya’, 15.22 are tall, suitable for long cuts; in hybrids ‘Zagorye’ and 15.22 large leaf bulbills form in the axils of the leaves, which will contribute to the long-term cultivation of these lilies. All characterized hybrids are valuable material not only for fl ower decoration, but also as parent forms for breeding.

Author(s):  
K.R. KANUKOVA ◽  
◽  
Z.I. BOGOTOVA ◽  
I.Kh. GAZAEV ◽  
S.P. APPAEV ◽  
...  

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 833-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas R Taylor ◽  
Matthew S Olson ◽  
David E McCauley

Abstract Gynodioecy, the coexistence of functionally female and hermaphroditic morphs within plant populations, often has a complicated genetic basis involving several cytoplasmic male-sterility factors and nuclear restorers. This complexity has made it difficult to study the genetics and evolution of gynodioecy in natural populations. We use a quantitative genetic analysis of crosses within and among populations of Silene vulgaris to partition genetic variance for sex expression into nuclear and cytoplasmic components. We also use mitochondrial markers to determine whether cytoplasmic effects on sex expression can be traced to mitochondrial variance. Cytoplasmic variation and epistatic interactions between nuclear and cytoplasmic loci accounted for a significant portion of the variation in sex expression among the crosses. Source population also accounted for a significant portion of the sex ratio variation. Crosses among populations greatly enhanced the dam (cytoplasmic) effect, indicating that most among-population variance was at cytoplasmic loci. This is supported by the large among-population variance in the frequency of mitochondrial haplotypes, which also accounted for a significant portion of the sex ratio variance in our data. We discuss the similarities between the population structure we observed at loci that influence sex expression and previous work on putatively neutral loci, as well as the implications this has for what mechanisms may create and maintain population structure at loci that are influenced by natural selection.


Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumu Takatsuka ◽  
Tomohiko Kazama ◽  
Kinya Toriyama

Abstract Background Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a trait associated with non-functional pollen or anthers, caused by the interaction between mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Findings A Tadukan-type CMS line (TAA) and a restorer line (TAR) were obtained by successive backcrossing between the Oryza sativa cultivars Tadukan (a cytoplasmic donor) and Taichung 65 (a recurrent pollen parent). Using Illumina HiSeq, we determined whole-genome sequences of the mitochondria of TAA and screened the mitochondrial genome for the presence of open reading frame (orf) genes specific to this genome. One of these orf genes, orf312, showed differential expression patterns in TAA and TAR anthers at the meiotic and mature stages, with transcript amounts in TAR being less than those in TAA. The orf312 gene is similar to the previously described orf288, a part of which is among the components comprising WA352, a chimeric CMS-associated gene of wild-abortive-type CMS. Conclusions The orf312 gene is a promising candidate for CMS-associated gene in TAA.


2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Wei Wang ◽  
Li Jun Zhang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Chang Ping Xiang ◽  
Shi Yong Mei ◽  
...  

Plant Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Ramírez ◽  
J.L. Rolando ◽  
W. Yactayo ◽  
P. Monneveux ◽  
V. Mares ◽  
...  

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