Rhizosphere Mushrooms: Antagonistic Exploration of Rhizospere Mushrooms in Shallot (Allium ascolonicum L) Specific Location of Enrekang Regency

Enrekang Regency is one of the largest onion plant centers in south Sulawesi with an onion harvest area of 7,605 Ha. The main disease that attacks onions in Enrekang district is stem base foul disease or moler disease caused by fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cepae (FOCe). Control can be done by using biocontrol obtained from rhizosphere mushrooms in general antagonistic and can make microenvironment conditions in the soil not suitable for pathogen growth. Exploration of the ability of rhizosphere mushroom antagonists is carried out by dual culture testing method in vitro between Fusarium oxysporum and rhizosphere mushrooms. Exploration of the antagonistic ability of rhizosphere mushrooms is carried out by dual culture testing method in vitro between Fusarium oxysporum and rhizosphere mushrooms. The test results of all isolates obtained the largest average inhibition value is 74.79% in isolate number 16, 73.19% in isolate number 5 and 63.16% in isolat number 6, the lowest inhibitory value is no. 1.56%, isolat no. 12 has and inhibition values range 50-56%, found in isolates no. 3,7,9,13 and 14.

Performance Test of Three Supporting Media during Outdoor Hydroponic Farming of Onion

This study used different supporting media (poly-styrene sheet, sand, and gravel) during outdoor hydroponic farming of onion within a natural environment setup. Domestic onion variety Taherpuri was taken as a model onion plant. As for performance parameters, plant height, number and length of leaf, length of root, bulb weight, number of bulblet, and chlorophyll contents were recorded. The number of produced leaves was almost same, although the length of leaf and root was found to have variations in these three supporting media. The yield (weight of bulb and number of bulblet) performance was slightly higher in polystyrene sheets (7.74 g and 3 bulblets per plant) than in the others. Chlorophyll-a, Chlorophyll-b, and total chlorophylls were comparatively higher in polystyrene sheets, 0.530, 0.764, and 1.294 mg/g respectively. Other growth parameters also showed better results in the case of polystyrene sheets. Finally, the results suggested that the polystyrene sheet as a hydroponic floating bed is suitable for outdoor hydroponics for onion cultivation.

Inovasi teknologi budidaya bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia Merr) untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan analisis kelayakan ekonomi

Dayak onions (Eleutherine palmifolia Merr) are a potential commodity that has many health benefits, so it has a high economic value. However, this Dayak onion plant has not received much attention in cultiva¬tion technology, especially fertilization. So far, this onion has grown relying on nature, while the land has diminished its fertility. This study tested a combination of chicken manure and NPK fertilizer to obtain the optimal composition to increase the productivity of Dayak onions. This study used a factorial randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor consists of the treatment of chicken manure(O1 = control, O2 = 10 ton.ha-1 and O3 = 20 ton.ha-1). The second factor consists of NPK fertilizer(K1 = control, K2 = 100 kg.ha-1 Urea + 150 kg.ha-1 SP 36 + 200 kg.ha-1 KCl, K3 = 200 kg.ha-1Urea + 150 kg.ha-1 SP 36 + 200 kg.ha-1 KCl, and K4 = 300 kg.ha-1 Urea + 150 kg.ha-1 SP 36 + 200 kg.ha-1 KCl). The results showed that there was an interaction effect between the composition of chicken manure and NPK on the number of leaves, fresh weight of tubers, and dry weight of tubers per clump but did not affect the growth of plant height. The yield of Dayak bulbs of 62.60 g / clump was obtained in the composition of chicken manure of 20 tonnes.ha-1 with an NPK of 200 kg.ha-1 Urea + 150 kg.ha-1SP 36 + 200 kg.ha-1 KCl. From an economic perspective, the composition is very efficient and feasible, which is indicated by R / C> 1, namely 5.75, which means that with a certain unit cost, it can get 5.75 times the revenue.

Analisis Penyakit Tanaman Bawang Merah Menggunakan Metode Teorema Bayes

Shallot plants or in Latin Alliumascalonicum L is a horticultural plant that gets a lot of attention from both the public and the government. Over the past few years shallots are included in the top six vegetable commodities that are exported together with cabbage, cabbage or flower cabbage, chili, tomatoes, potatoes. Onion plants are very susceptible to disease that can strike at any time. Some diseases that can attack the onion plant include Onion Caterpillar Disease, Leaf Snorer Disease, Trip, Moler Disease, Trotol, Dew Feather and Anthracnose. In this study using the Bayes theorem expert system, each symptom has a density value to the disease which is then calculated using the formula of the Bayes Theorem Method and processed using certain rules and inference using Forword Chaining. This research is expected to help the onion farmers in diagnosing the disease so that it can reduce the material losses with less than 60%.

PERTUMBUHAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) YANG DIBERI PUPUK KOMPOS CAIR DAN JAMUR MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR

The application of liquid compost and of beneficial soil microorganism such as arbsucular mycorrhizal fungi can be used to replace chemical fertilizer application. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth of red onion (Allium cepa L.) plant fertilized by liquid compost and inoculated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. This study was conducted based on a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was an addition of liquid compost dosages (0, 50, 100 and 200 ml/polybag). The second factor was an addition of AM fungal inoculum (with and without addition). The results showed that the growth of red onion plant was not significantly affected by the addition of liquid compost and AM fungal inoculum. However, the red onion plant fertilized by 200 ml liquid compost per polybag had the lowest shoot dry weight. The addition of AM fungal inoculum was not increasing plant growth because the quality of used inoculum was not good.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL BULBUS BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine americana Merr) DENGAN METODE DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl)

ABSTRACTDayak onion plant (Eleutherine americana Merr.) or commonly called forest onion is a typical plant of Central Kalimantan that has been used by local peoples for cure a various types of diseases. This study aims to determine the activity of antioxidant compounds from Dayak bulb ethanol extracts from Kotamobagu City. This research method is an experimental laboratory. Initially the Dayak bulb sample was extracted maceration with 96% ethanol solvent then evaporated until a thick extract was obtained. As a parameter, the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) was used to test the antioxidant activity of the samples at concentrations of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 mg / L and as a comparison standard used Vitamin C with concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg / L. The results obtained showed antioxidant activity in Dayak bulb ethanol extracts with IC50 values of 41.46 mg / L and on vitamin C IC50 values of 1.04 mg / L. Based on these results it can be concluded that the onion bulb ethanol extract has very strong antioxidant activity. Keywords: Dayak Onion bulbs, Activity, Antioxidant, DPPH ABSTRAK Tanaman bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana Merr.) atau biasa disebut bawang hutan merupakan tanaman khas Kalimantan Tengah yang sudah dipergunakan masyarakat lokal sebagai obat berbagai jenis penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas senyawa antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol bulbus bawang Dayak yang berasal dari Kota Kotamobagu. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium. Awalnya sampel bulbus bawang Dayak diekstraksi maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% kemudian dievaporasi hingga didapatkan ekstrak kental. Sebagai parameter, digunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) untuk pengujian aktivitas antioksidan sampel pada konsentrasi 50, 60, 70, 80 dan 90 mg/L dan sebagai standar pembanding digunakan Vitamin C dengan konsentrasi 2, 4, 6, 8 dan 10 mg/L. Hasil penelitian yang didapat menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak etanol bulbus bawang Dayak dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 41,46 mg/L dan pada vitamin C nilai IC50 sebesar 1,04 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol bulbus bawang Dayak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat. Kata kunci: Bulbus Bawang Dayak, Aktivitas, Antioksidan, DPPH

ANALISIS KELAS KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L)

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L) is one type of horticultural crop which is considered good for farmers to cultivate. This commodity to be able to grow and produce optimally requires land quality and certain characteristics and management. It is necessary to evaluate the suitability of the land to predict land use in accordance with the requirements of a plant, so that it is expected to be able to increase the productivity of onion plants. The practice garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nusa Nipa (UNIPA) Maumere is a practice location for Faculty of Agriculture students. The land is intended for cultivation of food crops and horticulture. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of land onion plant development. This research has been carried out in the Faculty of Agriculture UNIPA practice garden. The method used is the arithmetic matching method by matching the observations in the laboratory and field with the requirements for growing shallots. The results of this study indicate that the overall practice of the Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Nusa Nipa Maumere has similarity in land suitability classes, namely very suitable class (S1) with limiting factors such as temperature (tc), rainfall (wa), texture (t), drainage (d), soil depth (k), C-Organic, total N, P2O5, K2O, surface slope (l), erosion hazard, and rock conditions (b). This shows that the practice garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nusa Nipa Maumere is very suitable for agricultural cultivation activities for shallots.

Peningkatan Hasil Bawang Merah dan Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dengan Pemupukan Berimbang Semi Organik pada Tanah Inceptisol

Increased Yields Onion Plant and Changes of Soil Chemical Properties with Semiorganic Fertilization on Inceptisol Soil Tabanan. Thisexperiment to study the effects of inorganic fertilizer (P) and organic fertilizer (K) on the chemical properties as well as onion yields. A Factorial Randomized Block Design pot Experiment was conducted under Inceptisol soil conditions located at Kerambitan District, Tabanan Regency. The inorganic treatments consisted of P0 (control), P1 (50kg Phonska ha-1 + 200 kg ZA ha-1), P2 (100 kg Phonska ha-1 + 150 kg ZA ha-1), P3 (150 kg Phonska ha-1 + 100 kg.ZA ha-1). The organic treatments consisted of K0 (control), K1 (2 tons ha-1), K2 (4 tons ha-1), K3 (6 tons ha-1). Plant parameters observed including: plant height (cm), maximum number of leaves, maximum number of tubers, fresh and oven dry weight of tubers and hypothetical tubers fresh yields. The observed chemical soil properties including: soil pH and CEC. All data were analyzed using variance analysis and Duncan's test (0.05). The results showed that all fertilization treatments have significant effects on most parameters observed except plant height, soil pH and CEC. The P2K2 (100 kg Phonska ha-1 + 150 kg ZA ha-1) and (4 tons ha-1) treatment resulted in the best effects on the number tubers (7.7 tubers), weight of fresh tubers (37.9 g), tubers dry weight (6.5 g) per pot respectively. The highest hypothetical yields (9.5 tons ha-1) were also found under this treatment as well as the highest soil pH (6.6) and CEC (46.8 me 100g-1 of soil).