scholarly journals Long-chain fatty acid effects on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α-regulated genes in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells: Optimization of culture conditions using palmitate

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 2027-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Thering ◽  
M. Bionaz ◽  
J.J. Loor
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Kidney Cells ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Bovine Kidney ◽  
Optimization Of Culture Conditions ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Postprandial inhibition of gastric ghrelin secretion by long-chain fatty acid through GPR120 in isolated gastric ghrelin cells and mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (3) ◽  
pp. G367-G376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinping Lu ◽  
Xilin Zhao ◽  
Jianying Feng ◽  
Alice P. Liou ◽  
Shari Anthony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Ghrelin Secretion ◽  
Long Chain

Ghrelin is a gastric peptide hormone that controls appetite and energy homeostasis. Plasma ghrelin levels rise before a meal and fall quickly thereafter. Elucidation of the regulation of ghrelin secretion has been hampered by the difficulty of directly interrogating ghrelin cells diffusely scattered within the complex gastric mucosa. Therefore, we generated transgenic mice with ghrelin cell expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) to enable characterization of ghrelin secretion in a pure population of isolated gastric ghrelin-expressing GFP (Ghr-GFP) cells. Using quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining, we detected a high level of expression of the long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) receptor GPR120, while the other LCFA receptor, GPR40, was undetectable. In short-term-cultured pure Ghr-GFP cells, the LCFAs docosadienoic acid, linolenic acid, and palmitoleic acid significantly suppressed ghrelin secretion. The physiological mechanism of LCFA inhibition on ghrelin secretion was studied in mice. Serum ghrelin levels were transiently suppressed after gastric gavage of LCFA-rich lipid in mice with pylorus ligation, indicating that the ghrelin cell may directly sense increased gastric LCFA derived from ingested intraluminal lipids. Meal-induced increase in gastric mucosal LCFA was assessed by measuring the transcripts of markers for tissue uptake of LCFA, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid translocase (CD36), glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored HDL-binding protein 1, and nuclear fatty acid receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. Quantitative RT-PCR studies indicate significantly increased mRNA levels of lipoprotein lipase, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored HDL-binding protein 1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in postprandial gastric mucosa. These results suggest that meal-related increases in gastric mucosal LCFA interact with GPR120 on ghrelin cells to inhibit ghrelin secretion.

Hepatic CPT1A Facilitates Liver-Adipose Cross-Talk via Induction of FGF21 in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Tao Nie ◽  
Kuai Li ◽  
Wenjie Wu ◽  
Qiaoyun Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Long Chain

<b>Background & Aims</b> <p>Hepatosteatosis, defined as excessive intrahepatic lipid accumulation, represents the first step of NAFLD. When combined with additional cellular stress, this benign status progresses to local and systemic pathological conditions such as NASH and insulin resistance. However, the molecular events directly caused by hepatic lipid build-up, in terms of its impact on liver biology and other peripheral organs, remain unclear. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) is the rate limiting enzyme for long chain fatty acid beta-oxidation in the liver. Here we utilise hepatocyte-specific <i>Cpt1a</i> knockout (LKO) mice to investigate the physiological consequences of abolishing hepatic long chain fatty acid metabolism.</p> <p><b>Approach & Results </b></p> <p>Compared to the wild-type (WT) littermates, high fat diet (HFD)-fed LKO mice displayed more severe hepatosteatosis but were otherwise protected against diet-induced weight gain, insulin resistance, hepatic ER stress, inflammation and damage. Interestingly, increased energy expenditure was observed in LKO mice, accompanied by enhanced adipose tissue browning. RNAseq analysis revealed that the peroxisome proliferator activator alpha (PPARα)- fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) axis was activated in liver of LKO mice. Importantly, antibody-mediated neutralization of FGF21 abolished the healthier metabolic phenotype and adipose browning in LKO mice, indicating that the elevation of FGF21 contributes to the improved liver pathology and adipose browning in HFD-treated LKO mice. </p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> Liver with deficient CPT1A expression adopts a healthy steatotic status that protects against HFD-evoked liver damage and potentiates adipose browning in an FGF21-dependent manner. Inhibition of hepatic CPT1A may serve as a viable strategy for the treatment of obesity and NAFLD.

scholarly journals Hepatic CPT1A Facilitates Liver-Adipose Cross-Talk via Induction of FGF21 in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Tao Nie ◽  
Kuai Li ◽  
Wenjie Wu ◽  
Qiaoyun Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Long Chain

<b>Background & Aims</b> <p>Hepatosteatosis, defined as excessive intrahepatic lipid accumulation, represents the first step of NAFLD. When combined with additional cellular stress, this benign status progresses to local and systemic pathological conditions such as NASH and insulin resistance. However, the molecular events directly caused by hepatic lipid build-up, in terms of its impact on liver biology and other peripheral organs, remain unclear. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) is the rate limiting enzyme for long chain fatty acid beta-oxidation in the liver. Here we utilise hepatocyte-specific <i>Cpt1a</i> knockout (LKO) mice to investigate the physiological consequences of abolishing hepatic long chain fatty acid metabolism.</p> <p><b>Approach & Results </b></p> <p>Compared to the wild-type (WT) littermates, high fat diet (HFD)-fed LKO mice displayed more severe hepatosteatosis but were otherwise protected against diet-induced weight gain, insulin resistance, hepatic ER stress, inflammation and damage. Interestingly, increased energy expenditure was observed in LKO mice, accompanied by enhanced adipose tissue browning. RNAseq analysis revealed that the peroxisome proliferator activator alpha (PPARα)- fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) axis was activated in liver of LKO mice. Importantly, antibody-mediated neutralization of FGF21 abolished the healthier metabolic phenotype and adipose browning in LKO mice, indicating that the elevation of FGF21 contributes to the improved liver pathology and adipose browning in HFD-treated LKO mice. </p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> Liver with deficient CPT1A expression adopts a healthy steatotic status that protects against HFD-evoked liver damage and potentiates adipose browning in an FGF21-dependent manner. Inhibition of hepatic CPT1A may serve as a viable strategy for the treatment of obesity and NAFLD.

Anaerobic codigester feeding pattern drives long-chain fatty acid bioconversion kinetics and syntrophic community structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 1186-1201
Author(s):  
Ryan M Ziels ◽  
David A.C Beck ◽  
H. David Stensel
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain

Functional identification of ELO-like genes involved in very long chain fatty acid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Wang ◽  
Q. Jiang ◽  
J. P. Lian ◽  
J. L. Sun ◽  
H. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Transport of heptafluorostearate across model membranes. Membrane transport of long-chain fatty acid anions I

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Schmider ◽  
A. Fahr ◽  
H.E. Blum ◽  
G. Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Transport ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Model Membranes ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Long-chain fatty acid-induced changes in gene expression in neonatal cardiac myocytes

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin A. J.M. van der Lee ◽  
Michaël M. Vork ◽  
Johan E. De Vries ◽  
Peter H.M. Willemsen ◽  
Jan F.C. Glatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Long Chain
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