scholarly journals Tanzania Citizens’ Participation in Domestic Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 209-236
Author(s):  
Lilian Macha
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Model Fit Indices ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the Tanzania citizens’ participation in domestic tourism. The study was based on the Social Exchange Theory and its components of trust on transport and destination visit price. The choice of the theory aimed to overcome possible limitations of using the theory in Tanzania. The study extends the applicability of the component of Social Exchange Theory to include additional construct such destination visit price (DVP) variable as a mediator. Data collection questionnaires were distributed to 400 respondents in Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Bagamoyo. Being a quantitative study, Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) was deployed to establish whether trust infrastructure (TI) and destination visit price (DVP) lead to the participation of Tanzania citizens in domestic tourism (PDT). The results of the study show that the measurement and structural model exhibited better model fit indices. The relationship between trust on transport results to participation in domestic tourism through destination visit price (DVP). It is recommended that the variables analyzed in this study be recognition for influencing the participation of Tanzania citizens in domestic tourism. 

scholarly journals TEORI PERTUKARAN SOSIAL TENTANG FENOMENA DAKWAH DI EKS LOKALISASI DADAPAN

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 292-314
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syahrul Ulum ◽  
Alfa Warda ◽  
Zuris Dwi Elina ◽  
Ilmi Sephia Ardiana
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to find out how the role of the preacher in bringing changes to the social conditions of the people who used to work in the Dadapan prostitution localization, Kediri City. Da'i plays an important role as a propagator of religion to protect the community. Thus, the relationship between the preacher and his community must be close regardless of the background or social conditions of the community. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method and is equipped with George Homans' social exchange theory, namely as an analytical tool to understand and seek clarity of cases so that researchers know more clearly about the phenomenon of da'wah in the ex-Dadapan localization community. The results of this study conclude that the da'wah process that occurs in Dadapan Village in social exchange theory explains that they are willing to interact when the interaction produces benefits for themselves. Therefore, in the dynamics of increasing religious understanding in the ex-Dadapan localization, it is necessary to have a reward given so that people want to interact in discussing religious studies.

scholarly journals Development Idiosyncratic Deals and Employee Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Mariam Tauba ◽  
Andrew Kimwolo
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Idiosyncratic Deals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
The Relationship

Employee performance has been at the helm of academic research over the years. The changing nature of work has unearthed several antecedents of job performance. The purpose of this study was to examine employee performance through the development of Idiosyncratic deals and Leader-Member-Exchange-quality lens of antecedents. The study is anchored on the social exchange theory. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 325 employees of ICT firms in Uganda, using a cross-sectional survey. Three hundred two responses were used for analysis after cleaning of data. The direct hypotheses were tested using correlation analysis, while the mediation was tested using the Hayes Process macro model 4. The results supported the relationship between development idiosyncratic deals and employee performance and LMX quality and employee performance. This study found a significant mediating role of LMX-quality on the relationship between development idiosyncratic deals and employee performance. The study made contributions to the literature on idiosyncratic deals, employee performance, leader-member exchange quality as well, as the Social exchange theory. The study recommends adopting good quality LMX relationships to enhance the role of development idiosyncratic deals on employee performance among ICT firms. 

Effects of suppliers’ trust and commitment on customer involvement

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Taiwen Feng
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Relational Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Involvement ◽  
Specific Investment ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among suppliers’ trust and commitment, transaction-specific investment, switching cost, and customer involvement within the context of relational governance mechanism and the social exchange theory. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use survey data from 214 Chinese manufacturing firms and employ the structural equation model to verify the conceptual model. Findings – Relational governance benefits customer involvement. Transaction-specific investment mediates the relationship between trust and commitment of suppliers. Switching costs negatively moderate the relationship between suppliers’ trust and customer involvement, but positively moderate the relationship between suppliers’ commitment and customer involvement. Research limitations/implications – The authors focus on two key elements of relationship, namely, trust and commitment of suppliers, but neglect other relational factors, such as relational norms and interdependence. Originality/value – These findings broaden the understanding and present new directions for the implementation of customer involvement from the perspective of relational governance and social exchange theory.

The Indirect Effect of Justice Perceptions on Job Satisfaction Among Hispanic Employees

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Heron ◽  
Robert Coseano ◽  
Valentina Bruk-Lee
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Justice Perceptions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overall Job Satisfaction ◽  
The U.S

The notion that justice perceptions greatly influence behaviors and attitudes at work has been supported in the organizational behavior literature. Given the significant increase of Hispanic employees in the U.S. workforce in the last two decades, more research is needed to understand how justice relates to important outcomes in this population. The present study uses social exchange theory to examine conflict as a mediator of the relationship between justice and overall job satisfaction, and three individual facets of job satisfaction in a sample of 154 working Hispanic young adults in a variety of jobs. Findings indicate that conflict mediates the relationship between each dimension of justice and overall job satisfaction, and between two out of three examined facets of job satisfaction. The results provide evidence for the importance of justice perceptions in determining the attitudes and behaviors of Hispanic employees in the workplace.

Employability and Temporary Workers’ Affective Commitment: the Moderating Role of Voluntariness

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafalda Espada ◽  
Maria José Chambel
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Temporary Agency Workers

AbstractThe development of either internal or external employability of temporary workers has been considered a mechanism of protection since it ensures that employment can be maintained. According to the social exchange theory and the norm of reciprocity, when temporary workers perceive that the training promoted by the organization furthers employability, they are inclined to feel obligated to reciprocate with positive attitudes toward the organization. With a sample of temporary agency workers from three distinct industry organizations (N = 279), the current study investigated the relationship between training that promotes both internal and external employability and affective commitment as well as the role of voluntariness as a moderator of these relationships. The hypotheses were tested by using regression analysis. The results indicated that the perception held by temporary workers that the training they received is a promoter of their internal employability is positively correlated with their affective commitment towards the organization. Furthermore, the data revealed that this relationship is weaker for the group of temporary workers with high voluntariness. On the other hand, there was not a significant relationship between the training that promotes external employability and the affective commitment of temporary workers. Likewise, voluntariness did not moderate this relationship.

The influencing outcomes of job engagement: an interpretation from the social exchange theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 873-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Job Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social

Purpose Job engagement is a positive, fulfilling, work-related state of an individual, the perfect link between individual characteristics, job factors and job performance and the important path of an organization creating competitive advantages. Based on the viewpoint of the social exchange theory, the study assumes that employees will generate different influencing outcomes, which are, in order, task performance, organizational citizenship behavior, job burnout and counter-productive work behavior (CWB), according to the degree to which they psychologically expect that job engagement could receive organizational rewards, and discusses the relationships between job engagement and task performance, organizational citizenship behavior and other variables. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from the employees working as the salesmen from 48 computer and computer parts sales companies. The questionnaires of the study were the paired questionnaires. In total, 150 supervisor questionnaires and 633 employee questionnaires have been distributed. Under every sales head, there were some employees. In total, 501 valid paired questionnaires were collected. AMOS 23.0 was employed to process the data in the structural equation modeling and the causal relationships among all the factors were explored. Findings The results revealed that employee job engagement had positive influence on task performance and organizational citizenship behavior and had negative influence on job burnout and counter-productive work behavior; among all the moderating variables, organizational justice just significantly and negatively moderates job engagement and CWB. Originality/value Job engagement is an actively and fully absorbing state of an individual in the work, the perfect link among individual characteristics, job factors and job engagement and the important path of an organization creating competitive advantages. Most of the past studies have explored the positive effects of job engagement. This study tries to explore the positive and negative effects of employee’s job engagement based on the social exchange theory.

Fostering change-oriented OCBS: an analysis of India’s IT talent

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakanksha Kataria ◽  
Kumari Rashmi ◽  
Mansi Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
It Personnel ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to investigate how workplace resourcefulness (positive psychological climate), as well as personal resources (psychological capital [PsyCap]), influence work engagement to promote change-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors (Ch-OCBs) among Indian information technology (IT) personnel. Design/methodology/approach The social exchange theory and job demands-resources model are used to provide rationale for proposing a comprehensive mechanism including antecedents, moderators as well as mediators enabling Ch-OCBs among IT personnel. Structured questionnaires were administered targeting IT professionals and their supervisors to test the proposed relationships. The obtained data from 30 supervisors and 240 subordinates were tested using confirmatory factor analysis, SEM and moderated path analysis technique. Findings Psychological climate, PsyCap and work engagement positively relate to Ch-OCBs; PsyCap moderated the relationship between psychological climate and work engagement. Specifically, the relationship between psychological climate and work engagement has come out stronger for employees with high PsyCap. Work engagement fully mediated the relationship between psychological climate and Ch-OCBs. Practical implications The findings can be critical in promoting voluntary change-focused behaviors among Indian IT personnel, for Indian and foreign (non-Indian) multi-national corporations that are interested in reaping profits by availing change-driven extra-role services of their efficient and the most preferred Indian IT employees of the world. Originality/value This study addresses to the call for more research on change-focused promotive part of OCB and advances the literature by providing evidence on the proposed set of associations from fast-pacing Indian economy.

Structural equation modeling of residents' attitudes and tourism development: a SET based - study of the Kashmir region in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasif Ali Bhat ◽  
Kakali Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social

PurposeThe present study tries to develop a model that assesses the factors that determine support for tourism development by residents of the Kashmir region.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data have been collected (n = 650) from the residents of the top five tourist destinations through a pre-tested questionnaire by a multistage convenient sampling method. A model has been drafted and tested through the technique of structural equation modeling by applying the social exchange theory as a theoretical framework.FindingsThe results revealed that residents who perceived more benefits were more expected to support tourism development, and residents who perceive more costs were less expected to support tourism development, thus supporting the social exchange theory.Originality/valueThe results of this study are extremely useful for the local government and tourism institutions in the future planning of tourism development and also fill the vast gap in the tourism literature with a theoretical base.

A simplified approach to understanding customer support and help during self-service encounters

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-634
Author(s):  
Estelle van Tonder ◽  
Stephen G. Saunders ◽  
Leon T. de Beer
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Service Encounters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Support ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Service

PurposeIn the absence of direct employee involvement, customers sharing knowledge and know-how with other customers during self-service encounters is key for promoting service quality. This study assessed the extent to which customer support and help during self-service encounters could simply be explained by multiple motivations of the social exchange theory.Design/methodology/approachA survey approach was followed. The model was tested among 258 electronic banking customers in South Africa and later cross-validated among 253 electronic banking customers in Australia. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis with country as the grouping variable, latent variable modelling and indirect tests were performed to assess interrelationships among diverse factors that may contribute to customer support and help during self-service encounters, as accounted for by motivations of the social exchange theory.FindingsAdequate model fit was obtained for the combined structural model, which was based on the invariant model. Value contribution and competence affirmation, pleasure derived from helping, reciprocity and reputation enhancement are relevant motivations of the social exchange theory that may impact customer support and help through knowledge sharing.Research implicationsThe study provides a simplified and more cohesive explanation of customers' motivations for engaging in customer support and helping behaviours during self-service encounters.Practical implicationsService providers seeking guidance on knowledge sharing among customers, which may lead to greater service quality, should benefit from this research.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to greater understanding of social exchanges by customers who provide support and help to other customers during self-service encounters, and that ultimately may affect service quality.

The opportunity model of organizational commitment

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Cicekli ◽  
Hayat Kabasakal
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationships between promotion, development, and recognition opportunities at work and organizational commitment, and whether these relationships are moderated by the job opportunities employees have in other organizations. Design/methodology/approach An opportunity model of organizational commitment is developed based on social exchange theory and several streams of opportunity research. Factor analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses are carried out to test the hypotheses using data from 550 white-collar employees. Findings The results of the analyses show that opportunities for development and recognition are predictors of organizational commitment, that job opportunities employees have in other organizations negatively moderate the relationship between recognition opportunity at work and organizational commitment, and that promotion opportunity does not predict organizational commitment. Research limitations/implications Future researchers could study the issue in the context of other cultures using data from multiple sources. Practical implications Employers who seek to increase their employees’ organizational commitment are advised to divert their energies from struggling to create promotion opportunities for their employees to creating opportunities for development and recognition. Originality/value The study explores the under-researched concept of opportunity at work and connects several streams of opportunity research by drawing on social exchange theory as a theoretical framework. The model is the first to address the effects of opportunity and alternative opportunities on organizational commitment.

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