Magnetic resonance imaging versus ultrasonography for the in utero evaluation of central nervous system anomalies

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Peruzzi ◽  
Rebecca J. Corbitt ◽  
Corey Raffel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
False Negative ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fetal Ultrasonography ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Fetal Mr

Object The use of fetal MR imaging for the in utero evaluation of pathological conditions of the CNS is widely accepted as an adjunct to fetal ultrasonography studies. Magnetic resonance imaging is thought to characterize CNS anomalies better, and to provide a more exact diagnosis and accurate prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of and indications for fetal MR imaging in evaluating fetuses with different CNS abnormalities that were seen initially on prenatal sonograms. Methods Over a 3-year period, fetuses with prior sonographic evidence of CNS abnormalities who consequently received prenatal MR imaging at Columbus Nationwide Children's Hospital within 2 weeks of the fetal ultrasonography study were included in this study. For each patient, radiological reports from both studies were reviewed, analyzed, and compared with the findings at postnatal imaging or physical examination. Results of the 2 modalities were then compared in terms of diagnostic accuracy. Results Twenty-six fetuses were included in this study on the basis of an in utero sonogram showing a CNS anomaly. Their gestational age ranged from 17 to 35 weeks, with a mean of 25 weeks at the time of fetal ultrasonography. Hydrocephalus was identified in 16 fetuses, 6 had evidence of a spinal dysraphic defect, 2 had holoprosencephaly, 1 had an encephalocele, and 1 had multiple body abnormalities requiring detailed CNS evaluation. Twenty-five of the fetuses were correctly evaluated as having abnormal CNS findings on both fetal ultrasonography and fetal MR imaging. Fetal ultrasonography provided a correct prenatal diagnosis in 20 cases, whereas fetal MR imaging was correct in 22 cases. There were 9 cumulative false-positive results for fetal ultrasonography and 7 for fetal MR imaging, whereas for false-negative results there were a total of 34 and 19, respectively. Conclusions Fetal MR imaging is more sensitive in detecting fetal CNS abnormalities, but its ability to provide a correct prenatal diagnosis is only marginally superior to fetal ultrasonography. Moreover, fetal MR imaging is not exempt from misdiagnosis, and still shows a significantly high rate of false-negative results. Particularly for spinal dysraphic defects, fetal MR imaging does not seem to add important diagnostic or prognostic details when compared with fetal ultrasonography.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of prostate cancer foci using 1.5 T multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suguru Ito ◽  
SEI NAITO ◽  
Takafumi Narisawa ◽  
Mayu Yagi ◽  
Yuta Kurota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Imaging ◽  
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Background The detection of prostate cancer (CaP) has increasingly being carried out by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Despite many previous studies, the sensitivity for clinically significant CaP (csCaP) was high, information on mpMRI false-negative lesions is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use and limitations of mpMRI in CaP. Methods A total of 228 CaP foci in 100 patients who underwent 1.5 T mpMRI and radical prostatectomy between December 2015 and June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The sensitivities of CaP foci, csCaP, and index tumors (ITs) were measured. Clinically significant CaP was defined into two categories based on the Gleason score (GS): csCaP/GS ≥ 3 + 4 (GS ≥ 3 + 4 or diameter > 10 mm) and csCaP/GS ≥ 4 + 3 (GS ≥ 4 + 3 or diameter > 10 mm). In addition, the characteristics of false-negative lesions were identified. The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 was used to determine an mpMRI positive lesion, defined as a lesion having a score of ≥ 3. Results The sensitivity of all legions, csCaP/GS ≥ 3 + 4, csCaP/GS ≥ 4 + 3, and ITs were 61.4%, 75.8%, 83.0%, and 91%, respectively. There were 91 lesions that were mpMRI false, 40% of which were csCaP/GS ≥ 3 + 4. There were three lesions with a GS of ≥ 8 and ≥ 10 mm in the false-negative results. Conclusions mpMRI can highly detect ITs and csCaP/GS ≥ 4 + 3; however, a few large and high-GS CaPs constitute undetectable lesions in 1.5 T mpMRI.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Prostate Cancer Foci using 1.5 T Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suguru Ito ◽  
SEI NAITO ◽  
Takafumi Narisawa ◽  
Mayu Yagi ◽  
Yuta Kurota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Imaging ◽  
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Background: The detection of prostate cancer (CaP) has increasingly being carried out by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Despite many previous studies, the sensitivity for clinically significant CaP (csCaP) was high, information on mpMRI false-negative lesions is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use and limitations of mpMRI in CaP.Methods: A total of 228 CaP foci in 100 patients who underwent 1.5 T mpMRI and radical prostatectomy between December 2015 and June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The sensitivities of CaP foci, csCaP, and index tumors (ITs) were measured. Clinically significant CaP was defined into two categories based on the Gleason score (GS): csCaP/GS ≥3 + 4 (GS ≥3 + 4 or diameter >10 mm) and csCaP/GS ≥4 + 3 (GS ≥4 + 3 or diameter >10 mm). In addition, the characteristics of false-negative lesions were identified. The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 was used to determine an mpMRI positive lesion, defined as a lesion having a score of ≥3.Results: The sensitivity of all legions, csCaP/GS ≥3 + 4, csCaP/GS ≥4 + 3, and ITs were 61.4%, 75.8%, 83.0%, and 91%, respectively. There were 91 lesions that were mpMRI false, 40% of which were csCaP/GS ≥3 + 4. There were three lesions with a GS of ≥8 and ≥10 mm in the false-negative results.Conclusions: mpMRI can highly detect ITs and csCaP/GS ≥4 + 3; however, a few large and high-GS CaPs constitute undetectable lesions in 1.5 T mpMRI.

scholarly journals The Possibilities of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Determining the Burden of a Tumor in Patients with Follicular Lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 5264-5264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S Nesterova ◽  
Galina A Yatsyk ◽  
Natalia S Lutsik ◽  
Sergey K. Kravchenko ◽  
Eduard G Gemdzhian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

BACKGROUND: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a B-cell tumor, which in most patients is characterized by slow growth and an "indolent" clinical course. In 80% of patients bone marrow is affected, which is a reflection of the pathogenesis of the tumor. The "watch and wait" tactic is a frequently used variant of patient management. For effective therapy, it is necessary to establish the stage of the disease, which requires the examination of the bone marrow (bilateral trepanobiopsy) and the identification of nodal and extranodal lesions (using PET/CT or CT of the whole body). The use of these methods is associated with high radiation exposure and the risk of complications in the intravenous radiopharmaceuticals and contrast agents. Whole body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI) makes it possible to detect the burden of the tumor process without the use of contrast agents. AIM: Assess the capabilities of the WB-DWI method for determining the prevalence of a tumor and the detection of BM lesions in patients with FL. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted during the fourth quarter of 2018 in the National Research Center for Hematology (Moscow), covered 8 patients (3 men and 5 women, with an average age of 53 years). According to the developed design of the study at the time of diagnosis of PL, all patients underwent a WB-MRI study, and then performed (with masking of participants): PET/CT, a histological examination of the bone marrow and the determination of B-cell clonality in bone marrow punctate (using PCR method). The results of the last two examinations were taken as reference (true) estimates for the detection of bone marrow lesions, and compared with the results obtained using the WB-MRI and PET/CT methods. Cohen's kappa statistical coefficient was used to assess the agreement between comparing methods. RESULTS: All 8 patients had a generalized lesion of the lymph nodes and extranodal foci (stage 4 according to An-Arbor). It was found that the measured diffusion coefficient in the lesions of the BM was 0,5‒0,9 х 10-3 mm/s. Reference tests showed that in 7 out of 8 patients, BM was affected. PET/CT gave two false-negative results, WB-DWI - one false-negative results (Tables 1‒2). Estimates of the prevalence of lesions of the lymph nodes and extranodal foci by WB-DWI and PET/CT were consistent with the accuracy of the methods. Estimates of the extent of lymph node involvement and extranodal lesions using WB-DWI and PET/CT were coincided with the accuracy of the methods errors. CONCLUSION: The results (Table 3.) of this exploratory research show that the WB-DWI method reveals a bone marrow damage not worse than the PET/CT method: kappa coefficient for WB-DWI was 0.6 and for PET/CT ‒ 0,5, respectively (due to the small sample size, strict statistical significance was not reached). WB-DWI allows you to quickly and informatively determine the affected areas and the involvement of BM, and thereby establish the stage of the disease. The results suggest an opportunity (along with the PET/CT method) to use the WB-DWI method as well. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Artifacts and pitfalls in shoulder magnetic resonance imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Felix Marconi ◽  
Tulio Augusto Alves Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Comprehensive Reference

Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging has revolutionized the diagnosis of shoulder lesions, in many cases becoming the method of choice. However, anatomical variations, artifacts and the particularity of the method may be a source of pitfalls, especially for less experienced radiologists. In order to avoid false-positive and false-negative results, the authors carried out a compilation of imaging findings that may simulate injury. It is the authors’ intention to provide a useful, consistent and comprehensive reference for both beginner residents and skilled radiologists who work with musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging, allowing for them to develop more precise reports and helping them to avoid making mistakes.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of nasal endoscopy and contrast magnetic resonance imaging in COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Shaikh ◽  
Neha Shakrawal ◽  
Mahendra Chouhan ◽  
Bharti Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Nasal Endoscopy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Contrast Magnetic Resonance

Key Points 1. COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is a life-threatening fungal disease that has become an epidemic and notifiable disease after the second wave of COVID-19 in India 2. The target group for CAM includes severely immunocompromised individuals either by COVID-19, or corticosteroid therapy, or uncontrolled glycemic index. 3. With an intention to find out the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI), one hundred two consecutive patients of target group with clinical features of CAM were enrolled in the study. 4. The sensitivity and specificity of DNE as compared to KOH mount were 73.4% and 94.7% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of CEMRI as compared to KOH mount were 87.5% and 50% respectively. 5. CEMRI misses fewer cases than DNE. In cases of normal endoscopy in the target group, imaging and biopsy should be advised to reduce false-negative results. Nasal endoscopy, biopsy, and imaging can reliably detect the majority of cases of CAM.

scholarly journals Influence of biopsy cores number performed with targeted prostate biopsy on the likelihood of a positive result in patients with clinically significant prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
A. V. Zyryanov ◽  
G. A. Gulin ◽  
N. A. Rubtsova ◽  
V. O. Mager ◽  
A. E. Putintsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Targeted Biopsy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background. Targeted biopsy is proposed as a method of choice in the algorithm of prostate cancer diagnosis, but not all the features of method has been evaluated.Objective: determine the rational number of targeted biopsy samples in patients with clinically significant prostate cancer.Materials and methods. The magnetic resonance imaging and fusion biopsy data of 156 patients with suspected prostate cancer were retrospectively evaluated.Results and conclusion. In the study statistically significant dependence of the positive histological results in patients with clinically significant prostate cancer from the number of biopsy samples was found. The potential probability of a false negative histological examination with an insufficient number of biopsy samples was noted. These results confirm the latest published data of potential targeted biopsy false in true positive patients after multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. An increase in the number of biopsy samples in the target lesion reduces the likelihood of false-negative results. The main causes of such discrepancy are some technical laxity and the heterogeneous histological structure of prostate cancer. Increase the number of biopsy cores can reduce the likelihood of false-negative results. 

Magnetic resonance imaging: an accurate method to evaluate arteriovenous malformations after stereotactic radiosurgery

1996 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Pollock ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
John C. Flickinger ◽  
Atul K. Patel ◽  
David J. Bissonette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Angiography ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ To determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in comparison to cerebral angiography after radiosurgery for an arteriovenous malformation (AVM), the authors reviewed the records of patients who underwent radiosurgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center before 1992. All patients in the analysis had AVMs in which the flow-void signal was visible on preradiosurgical MR imaging. One hundred sixty-four postradiosurgical angiograms were obtained in 140 patients at a median of 2 months after postradiosurgical MR imaging (median 24 months after radiosurgery). Magnetic resonance imaging correctly predicted patency in 64 of 80 patients in whom patent AVMs were seen on follow-up angiography (sensitivity 80%) and angiographic obliteration in 84 of 84 patients (specificity 100%). Overall, 84 of 100 AVMs in which evidence of obliteration was seen on MR images displayed angiographic obliteration (negative predictive value, 84%). Ten of the 16 patients with false-negative MR images underwent follow-up angiography: in seven the lesions progressed to complete angiographic obliteration without further treatment. Exclusion of these seven patients from the false-negative MR imaging group increases the predictive value of a negative postradiosurgical MR image from 84% to 91%. No AVM hemorrhage was observed in clinical follow up of 135 patients after evidence of obliteration on MR imaging (median follow-up interval 35 months; range 2–96 months; total follow up 382 patient-years). Magnetic resonance imaging proved to be an accurate, noninvasive method for evaluating the patency of AVMs that were identifiable on MR imaging after stereotactic radiosurgery. This imaging modality is less expensive, more acceptable to patients, and does not have the potential for neurological complications that may be associated with cerebral angiography. The risk associated with follow-up cerebral angiography may no longer justify its role in the assessment of radiosurgical results in the treatment of AVMs.

scholarly journals Contribution of magnetic resonance imaging to the prenatal diagnosis of common congenital vascular anomalies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Crivelli ◽  
Anne-Elodie Millischer ◽  
Pascale Sonigo ◽  
David Grévent ◽  
Sylviane Hanquinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Lymphatic Malformation ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lymphatic Malformations ◽  
Additional Information

Abstract Background Screening ultrasound (US) has increased the detection of congenital vascular anomalies in utero. Complementary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may improve the diagnosis, but its real utility is still not well established. Objectives We aimed to describe the imaging findings on prenatal US and MRI of the most frequent congenital vascular anomalies (lymphatic malformations and congenital hemangiomas) to assess the accuracy of prenatal US and MRI exams for diagnosis and to evaluate the relevance of the additional information obtained by complementary fetal MRI. Materials and methods All confirmed postnatal congenital vascular anomalies detected in the last 10 years at 3 university hospitals were retrospectively identified. The prenatal diagnosis was compared with the final diagnosis for both methods and the clinical relevance of additional MRI information was evaluated. A second MRI in advanced pregnancy was performed in fetuses with lesions in a sensitive anatomical location and the clinical relevance of the additional information was evaluated. Results Twenty-four cases were included in the study, 20 lymphatic malformations and 4 hemangiomas. MRI slightly improved the diagnosis of lymphatic malformation, 85% vs. 80% at US, especially for abdominal lesions. Both methods had a low identification rate (25%) for tumors. MRI performed late in five fetuses with lymphatic malformation allowed optimized management at birth. Conclusion MRI improves the diagnosis of congenital lymphatic malformations whereas hemangiomas remain difficult to identify in utero. The main role of MRI is to provide high-defined anatomical data to guide management at birth.

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