Interactive presurgical simulation applying advanced 3D imaging and modeling techniques for skull base and deep tumors

Object In this paper, the authors' goal was to report their novel presurgical simulation method applying interactive virtual simulation (IVS) using 3D computer graphics (CG) data and microscopic observation of color-printed plaster models based on these CG data in surgery for skull base and deep tumors. Methods For 25 operations in 23 patients with skull base or deep intracranial tumors (meningiomas, schwannomas, epidermoid tumors, chordomas, and others), the authors carried out presurgical simulation based on 3D CG data created by image analysis for radiological data. Interactive virtual simulation was performed by modifying the 3D CG data to imitate various surgical procedures, such as bone drilling, brain retraction, and tumor removal, with manipulation of a haptic device. The authors also produced color-printed plaster models of modified 3D CG data by a selective laser sintering method and observed them under the operative microscope. Results In all patients, IVS provided detailed and realistic surgical perspectives of sufficient quality, thereby allowing surgeons to determine an appropriate and feasible surgical approach. Surgeons agreed that in 44% of the 25 operations IVS showed high utility (as indicated by a rating of “prominent”) in comprehending 3D microsurgical anatomies for which reconstruction using only 2D images was complicated. Microscopic observation of color-printed plaster models in 12 patients provided further utility in confirming realistic surgical anatomies. Conclusions The authors' presurgical simulation method applying advanced 3D imaging and modeling techniques provided a realistic environment for practicing microsurgical procedures virtually and enabled the authors to ascertain complex microsurgical anatomy, to determine the optimal surgical strategies, and also to efficiently educate neurosurgical trainees, especially during surgery for skull base and deep tumors.

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Revising the Indications of Transtemporal Surgical Approaches in the Modern Endoscopic Era of Skull Base Surgery: A Dying Art

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B Skull Base ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718767 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ravi Sankar Manogaran ◽

Raj Kumar ◽

Arulalan Mathialagan ◽

Anant Mehrotra ◽

Amit Keshri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skull Base ◽

Surgical Approach ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Surgical Approaches ◽

Microsurgical Anatomy ◽

Complete Excision ◽

Lateral Skull Base ◽

The Individual ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study is to emphasize and explore the possible transtemporal approaches for spectrum of complicated lateral skull base pathologies. Design Retrospective analysis of complicated lateral skull base pathologies was managed in our institute between January 2017 and December 2019. Setting The study was conducted in a tertiary care referral center. Main Outcome Measures The study focused on the selection of approach based on site and extent of the pathology, the surgical nuances for each approach, and the associated complications. Results A total of 10 different pathologies of the lateral skull base were managed by different transtemporal approaches. The most common complication encountered was facial nerve palsy (43%, n = 6). Other complications included cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection (15%, n = 2), cosmetic deformity (24%, n = 4), petrous internal carotid artery injury (7%, n = 1), and hypoglossal nerve palsy (7%, n = 1). The cosmetic deformity included flap necrosis (n = 2) and postoperative bony defects leading to contour defects of the scalp (n = 2). Conclusion Surgical approach should be tailored based on the individual basis, to obtain adequate exposure and complete excision. Selection of appropriate surgical approach should also be based on the training and preference of the operating surgeon. Whenever necessary, combined surgical approaches facilitating full tumor exposure are recommended so that complete tumor excision is feasible. This requires a multidisciplinary team comprising neurosurgeons, neuro-otologist, neuroanesthetist, and plastic surgeons. The surgeon must know precise microsurgical anatomy to preserve the adjacent nerves and vessels, which is necessary for better surgical outcomes.

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Quantitative Analysis of Microstructure and Modeling of Sintering

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.624.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 624 ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jean Marc Chaix

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Input Data ◽

3D Imaging ◽

Point Of View ◽

Size Distributions ◽

Practical Point ◽

The Past ◽

Modeling Techniques ◽

Mean Size ◽

Sintering Mechanisms

Microstructure is the key scale to understand and describe sintering mechanisms and their consequences at the macroscopic level. As modeling techniques are continuously developing, the need for input data and comparison with more and more accurate descriptions of the evolution is expected to create a growing demand for quantitative microstructure data. Image analysis is the classic way to get these data. This paper reviews the practical use and progresses of this old technique in the sintering literature during the past and recent years. The place of basic tools and more recent ones, such as 3D imaging, are discussed from a practical point of view accounting from sintering models needs: mean size and size distributions in pores and grains, homogeneity, sintering trajectories…

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The Microsurgical Relationships between Internal Carotid-Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms and the Skull Base

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B Skull Base ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1615804 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 79 (05) ◽

pp. 427-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noritaka Komune ◽

Ryosuke Tsuchimochi ◽

Yasutoshi Kai ◽

Kenichi Matsumoto ◽

Sei Haga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skull Base ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Posterior Communicating Artery ◽

Microsurgical Anatomy ◽

Anterior Clinoid Process ◽

Anterior Clinoidectomy ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Anatomical Relationship ◽

Formalin Fixed

Objective This study aimed to review the anatomical and clinical characteristics of internal carotid-posterior communicating artery (IC-PC) aneurysms, especially those located close to the skull base. Methods The microsurgical anatomy around the posterior communicating artery (PComA) was examined in a dry skull and five formalin-fixed human cadaveric heads. The clinical characteristics of 37 patients with 39 IC-PC aneurysms, who were treated microsurgically between April 2008 and July 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. Results The anterior clinoid process (ACP), as well as the anterior petroclinoidal dural fold (APF), which forms part of the oculomotor triangle, are closely related to the origin of the PComA. Among the 39 IC-PC aneurysms, anterior clinoidectomy was performed on 4 (10.3%) and a partial resection of the APF was performed on 2 (5.1%). Both of these aneurysms projected inferior to the tentorium, or at least part of the aneurysm's dome was inferior to the tentorium. Conclusion Proximally located IC-PC aneurysms have an especially close relationship with the ACP and APF. We should be familiar with the anatomical relationship between IC-PC aneurysms and the structures of the skull base to avoid hazardous complications.

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Microsurgical anatomy of the internal carotid artery at the skull base

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215121003406 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

K C Prasad ◽

A Gupta ◽

G Induvarsha ◽

P K Anjali ◽

V Vyshnavi

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Internal Carotid Artery ◽

Skull Base ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Microsurgical Anatomy

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Level I to III craniofacial approaches based on Barrow classification for treatment of skull base meningiomas: surgical technique, microsurgical anatomy, and case illustrations

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/2011.3.focus1110 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. E5 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Emel Avcı ◽

Erinç Aktüre ◽

Hakan Seçkin ◽

Kutluay Uluç ◽

Andrew M. Bauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surgical Technique ◽

Skull Base ◽

Surgical Anatomy ◽

Microsurgical Anatomy ◽

Middle Point ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Skull Base Meningiomas ◽

Supraorbital Foramen ◽

Ethmoidal Foramen

Object Although craniofacial approaches to the midline skull base have been defined and surgical results have been published, clear descriptions of these complex approaches in a step-wise manner are lacking. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the surgical technique of craniofacial approaches based on Barrow classification (Levels I–III) and to study the microsurgical anatomy pertinent to these complex craniofacial approaches. Methods Ten adult cadaveric heads perfused with colored silicone and 24 dry human skulls were used to study the microsurgical anatomy and to demonstrate craniofacial approaches in a step-wise manner. In addition to cadaveric studies, case illustrations of anterior skull base meningiomas were presented to demonstrate the clinical application of the first 3 (Levels I–III) approaches. Results Cadaveric head dissection was performed in 10 heads using craniofacial approaches. Ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, cribriform plate, orbit, planum sphenoidale, clivus, sellar, and parasellar regions were shown at Levels I, II, and III. In 24 human dry skulls (48 sides), a supraorbital notch (85.4%) was observed more frequently than the supraorbital foramen (14.6%). The mean distance between the supraorbital foramen notch to the midline was 21.9 mm on the right side and 21.8 mm on the left. By accepting the middle point of the nasofrontal suture as a landmark, the mean distances to the anterior ethmoidal foramen from the middle point of this suture were 32 mm on the right side and 34 mm on the left. The mean distance between the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina was 12.3 mm on both sides; the mean distance between the posterior ethmoidal foramen and distal opening of the optic canal was 7.1 mm on the right side and 7.3 mm on the left. Conclusions Barrow classification is a simple and stepwise system to better understand the surgical anatomy and refine the techniques in performing these complex craniofacial approaches. On the other hand, thorough anatomical knowledge of the midline skull base and variations of the neurovascular structures is crucial to perform successful craniofacial approaches.

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Virtual Simulation Technology of Wireless Sensor Neural Network in Basketball Movement Distribution

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.579 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 651-653 ◽

pp. 579-583

Author(s):

Liang Yong Hou

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Signal Transmission ◽

Simulation Method ◽

Virtual Simulation ◽

Computer Hardware ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Simulation Technology ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Initial Signal ◽

Optimization Allocation

With the innovation of computer hardware technology and software technology, virtual simulation technology has been applied in various fields, including sports training and basketball teaching process. In this paper, the basketball technology actions optimization system is designed by using MATLAB virtual simulation method, and the initial signal calculus model of basketball technology actions is established by using wireless sensor signal transmission principle, and then using the trained neural network method carries on processing for the initial signal, combining the approximation degree of optimal training signal and original signal determine the validity and reliability of the simulation. Through the simulation, we finally get the optimization allocation effect of the number of neurons’ best basketball technology actions, which provides a new computer method for the exploration of basketball training new method.

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