Stereotactic radiosurgery for recurrent vestibular schwannoma after previous resection

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1506-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall J. Huang ◽  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Seyed H. Mousavi ◽  
Ajay Niranjan ◽  
Edward A. Monaco ◽  
...  

OBJECTIVEThe goal of this retrospective cohort study was to assess long-term outcomes in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) who underwent stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) after initial microsurgical resection.METHODSFrom the authors' database of 1770 patients with VS, the authors retrospectively analyzed data from 173 Gamma Knife SRS procedures for VS after 1 (128 procedures) or multiple (45 procedures) microsurgical resections. The median length of the interval between the last resection and SRS was 42 months (range 2–329 months). The median length of clinical follow-up was 74 months (range 6–285 months). Progression-free survival after SRS was determined with Kaplan-Meier analysis.RESULTSAt the time of SRS, the hearing of 161 patients (93%) was Gardner-Robertson Class V, and 81 patients (47%) had facial neuropathy (i.e., facial function with House-Brackmann [HB] grades of III–VI), 87 (50%) had trigeminal neuropathy, and 71 (41%) reported imbalance or disequilibrium disorders. The median tumor volume was 2.7 cm3 (range 0.2–21.6 cm3), and the median dose to the tumor margin was 13 Gy (range 11–20 Gy). Radiosurgery controlled growth of 163 (94%) tumors. Progression-free survival after SRS was 97% at 3 years, 95% at 5 years, and 90% at 10 years. Four patients with delayed tumor progression underwent repeat SRS at a median of 35 months (range 23–64 months) after the first SRS. Four patients (2.3%) with tumor progression underwent repeat resection at a median of 25 months (range 19–33 months). Among the patients with any facial dysfunction (indicated by HB grades of II–VI), 19% had improvement in this condition after SRS, and 5.5% with some facial function (indicated by HB grades of I–V) developed more facial weakness. Among patients with trigeminal neuropathy, 20% had improvement in this condition, and 5.8% developed or had worsened trigeminal neuropathy after SRS.CONCLUSIONSStereotactic radiosurgery offered a safe and effective long-term management strategy for VS patients whose tumors remained or recurred after initial microsurgery.

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (36) ◽  
pp. 1451-1458
Author(s):  
Apor Hardi ◽  
Gergely Varga ◽  
Zsolt Nagy ◽  
Szabolcs Kosztolányi ◽  
László Váróczy ◽  
...  

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A myeloma multiplex mindmáig alapvetően gyógyíthatatlan betegség, ezért nagy klinikai jelentőségük van az eredményes mentő kezeléseknek. A szájon át adható első proteaszómagátlóval, az ixazomibbal kiegészített lenalidomid-dexametazon terápia jól tolerálható, csak orális szerekből álló kombináció, mely hazánkban 2015 áprilisától kezdődően a „Named Patient Program” keretén belül vált elérhetővé relabált, refrakter myeloma multiplexes betegek kezelésére. Célkitűzés: Kutatásunk célja az ixazomib-lenalidomid-dexametazon kezelés mellett a hosszú távon progressziómentes túlélők célzott vizsgálata. Módszer: A program keretében összesen 7 centrumban 80 visszaeső beteg részesült e triplet kezelésben, adataikat retrospektíven elemeztük. Leíró statisztikai és Kaplan–Meier-analízist végeztünk. Eredmények: A betegek nagyobb hányada reagált: 63,75%-os válaszarány mellett 14 (17,5%) betegnél nem volt terápiás válasz/stabil betegség alakult ki, és 15-nél (18,75%) a betegség a kezelés mellett is progrediált. A progressziómentes túlélés a teljes betegcsoportban 10,6 hónapnak adódott, ugyanakkor 16 beteg (18,75%) két éven túl progressziómentesnek bizonyult, sőt közülük 11-nél a betegség még 3 év után sem progrediált. Tanulmányunkban a fenti, hosszú távú túlélő betegcsoport tulajdonságait tárjuk fel. Megbeszélés: A folyamatos terápia a myeloma multiplex kezelésében meghatározóvá vált. Ezért fontos ismernünk, hogy kik lehetnek azok a betegek, akik különösen sokat profitálnak egy bizonyos terápiából. A hosszú távon progressziómentes túlélők között az immunglobulin-nehézláncot érintő transzlokációk vagy triszómiák közül (trend szintjén) az utóbbiak kedvezőbb progressziómentes túléléssel bírtak, de progressziómentes platót mindkét betegcsoportban észleltünk. A betegség tumortömegét mérő nemzetközi stádiumbeosztás (ISS) nem jelezte előre a hosszú túlélést. Gyógyszerelhagyáshoz vezető mellékhatást a hosszú távú túlélő csoportban egyet sem regisztráltunk; az észlelt mellékhatások nagy része enyhe volt. Következtetések: Munkánk során az ixazomib-lenalidomid-dexametazon kombinációt effektívnek és biztonságosnak találtuk relabált, refrakter myeloma multiplex kezelésére, mely a betegek mintegy hatodánál több éven át eredményesen alkalmazható. Cikkünkkel a hazai beteganyagon szerzett tapasztalatainkat szeretnénk megosztani a COVID–19-világjárvány alatt különösen aktuálissá vált, tisztán orális terápiás lehetőségről. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(36): 1451–1458. Summary. Introduction: Despite great advances in therapy, multiple myeloma is still a largely incurable disease, therefore the importance of salvage therapies is paramount. The first oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib in combination with lenalidomide-dexamethasone is a tolerable, orally administered regime, which has become available for Hungarian relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma patients from April 2015 in the Named Patient Program. Objective: Our goal was to investigate the long-time progression-free surviving patient population treated with the ixazomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone triplet. Method: We retrospectively studied a total of 80 patients from 7 centers who received the triplet combination. Survival analyses were performed. Results: Two-third of the patients responded: the overall response rate was 63.75%. 14 patients (17.5%) did not respond/had stable disease and 15 patients (18.75%) outright progressed upon therapy. Although progression-free survival was only 10.6 months for the entire patient cohort, the disease in a subgroup of 16 patients did not progress within two years. In fact, 11 of them were still in sustained remission after 3 years of therapy. Our goal was to analyze the characteristics of this subgroup. Discussion: The idea of long-term therapy of multiple myeloma is gaining widespread acceptance. Therefore it is important to know which patients may benefit the most from certain therapies. Among these 16 long-term responder patients, reciprocal translocation of the immunoglobulin heavy chain seemed to lack an adverse impact on progression-free survival; comparable to trisomies, both curves had a progression-free plateau. The International Staging System (ISS) score at the start of therapy did not predict long-term survivorship. Most of the side effects in this subgroup were mild, manageable, none led to therapy discontinuation. Conclusion: Ixazomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone was confirmed to be an effective and safe combination for relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma, and one-sixth of the treated patients were able to receive it for several years, effectively. This fully oral therapeutic option is at its best during the present COVID–19 pandemic. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(36): 1451–1458.


2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14660-e14660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Hentic ◽  
Chantal Dreyer ◽  
Magaly Zappa ◽  
Pascal Hammel ◽  
Cristian Mateescu ◽  
...  

e14660 Background: Despite low response rate by RECIST, sunitinib and everolimus improved the progression-free survival of patients (pts) with well-differentiated pNET in two large phase III controlled trials. RECIST being a poor surrogate endpoint for PFS, this study aimed evaluating the value of CHOI criteria in PNET pts. Methods: Data for this analysis were collected from pts with well-differentiated PNET treated consecutively with sunitinib or everolimus in our center between 10-2006 and 11-2010. All pts had tumor progression within 12 months (m) prior to treatment. Pts were considered evaluable if CT-scans were performed within 6 weeks prior treatment and <3 months following treatment initiation. A radiologist blinded for clinical data evaluated responses according to RECIST and CHOI criteria. Best responses were correlated with Kaplan Meier estimates of time-to-progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 25 pts were treated with either sunitinib or everolimus. Among them, three pts were evaluated using MRI and thus were not evaluable in this study. Twelve pts received sunitinib and ten pts were treated with everolimus (Male/female: 8/14, median age: 57, range 38-76). All pts had tumor progression within 12 m prior to sunitinib or everolimus. Pts were either treated in 1st line (n=6), 2nd line (n=9), 3rd line (n=7) or 4th line (n=1) after cytotoxic chemotherapy. At the first CT-scan evaluation, 2 pts presented a partial response (PR), 18 pts had a stable disease (SD), and 2 pts had a progressive disease (PD) by RECIST. Using CHOI criteria, 11 PR, 8 SD, and 3 PD were observed. Nine of 18 pts (50%) with SD according to RECIST were reallocated to the responders (PR) using CHOI criteria. Median TTP and OS for all pts were 14.0 m and 35.8 m, respectively. According to RECIST, TTP was higher in pts with PR+SD compared to PD (14.2m vs 3.3m, p<0.0001). According to CHOI criteria, TTP was 26.1m in pts with PR, 8.7m in pts with SD, and 3.5m in pts with PD (p=0.038). Conclusions: Response byCHOI criteria is a prognostic factor for TTP and may identify among SD pts by RECIST those benefiting the most of targeted therapy.


Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 1297-1297
Author(s):  
Antti Sommarhem ◽  
Sirpa Leppä ◽  
Marja-Liisa Karjalainen-Lindsberg ◽  
Seppo Meri

Abstract The addition of rituximab to chemotherapy has considerably improved the outcome of follicular lymphoma (FL) patients, but the lengths of remissions are still variable. Activation of the C system has been shown to be an important effector mechanism of rituximab. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether differences in the expression of CD20 and C regulatory molecules (C-REG) in lymphoma cells correlate to the clinical course of FL. We used oligonucleotide microarray analysis to study mRNA levels of CD20, CD46 (MCP), CD55 (DAF) and CD59 (protectin) in the FL tissue of 23 patients treated with R-CHOP. The median follow-up time was 55 months. The patients were divided into long-term (progression free survival (PFS) >35 mo) and short-term (PFS <21 mo) responders, and mRNA levels were compared between the groups. High CD55 expression was observed more often in FL patients who relapsed early resulting in a shorter progression free survival (p=0.027). Median PFS time for patients with a low CD55 level was significantly longer than for those with high CD55 expression (not reached vs. 20 mo, p=0.003). The results were validated prospectively by analyzing the protein levels of CD20 and C-REGs with flow cytometry. The results of a pilot study of 12 FL patients showed that relative expression of CD20 to CD55 in CD20 positive cell population was higher in patients in remission in comparison to ones who relapsed. According to Kaplan-Meier estimates, the patients with low CD20/CD55 and CD20/C-REGave (average C regulator expression) ratios relapsed more often than the other patients. The results suggest that the expression of C regulators, especially of CD55, affects the efficacy of immunochemotherapy, and that C regulatory molecules represent an effective escape mechanism of immunochemotherapy in FL.


Neurosurgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant W. Mallory ◽  
Bruce E. Pollock ◽  
Robert L. Foote ◽  
Matthew L. Carlson ◽  
Colin L. Driscoll ◽  
...  

Abstract BACKGROUND: Management of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)—associated vestibular schwannomas (VSs) remains controversial. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with conventional dosing is less effective for NF2-related VS compared with sporadic lesions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate optimal SRS dose parameters for NF2-related VS and to report long-term outcomes. METHODS: A prospective database was reviewed and outcome measures, including radiographic progression, American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery hearing class, and facial nerve function, were analyzed. Progression-free survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier methods. Associations between tumor progression and radiosurgical treatment parameters, tumor volume, and patient age were explored with the use of Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Between 1990 and 2010, 26 patients with 32 NF2-related VSs underwent SRS. Median marginal dose and tumor volume were 14 Gy and 2.7 cm3, respectively. Twenty-seven tumors (84%) showed no growth (median follow-up, 7.6 years). Kaplan-Meier estimates for 5- and 10-year progression-free survival were 85% and 80%, respectively. Cox proportional hazards demonstrated a significant inverse association between higher marginal doses and tumor progression (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.17-0.92; P = .02). Audiometric data were available in 30 ears, with 12 having class A/B hearing before SRS. Only 3 maintained serviceable hearing at the last follow-up. Four underwent cochlear implantation. Initially, 3 achieved open-set speech recognition, although only 1 experienced long-term benefit. Facial nerve function remained stable in 50% of cases. CONCLUSION: Higher marginal doses than commonly prescribed for sporadic VS were associated with improved tumor control in patients with NF2. Hearing outcomes were poor even when contemporary reduced marginal doses were used. However, SRS allows an anatomically preserved cochlear nerve and may permit hearing rehabilitation with cochlear implantation. Further consideration should be given to optimum dosing to achieve long-term control while maximizing functional outcomes.


Neurosurgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Klekamp

Abstract BACKGROUND: Disturbances of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow are the commonest cause of syringomyelia. Spinal arachnopathies may lead to CSF flow obstructions but are difficult to diagnose. Consequently, associated syringomyelias are often categorized as idiopathic. OBJECTIVE: To present and analyze the diagnosis of and long-term outcomes in an observational study of patients with nontraumatic arachnopathies from 1991 to 2011. METHODS: A total of 288 patients (mean age, 47 ± 15 years; follow-up, 54 ± 46 months) were evaluated. Decompression with arachnolysis, untethering, and duraplasty for restoration of CSF flow was recommended to patients with neurological progression. Neurological examinations, magnetic resonance images, and follow-up data were evaluated. Individual symptoms were analyzed during the first postoperative year, and long-term outcomes were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier statistics to determine rates of progression-free survival. RESULTS: In total,189 patients either refused an operation or were managed conservatively for lack of progression. Among 79 unoperated patients with follow-up information available for up to 8 years, 2 patients deteriorated. Ninety-nine patients with progressive symptoms underwent 116 operations: 108 decompressions and 8 other surgeries. Three months postoperatively, 53% considered their status improved and 37% were unchanged. In the long term, surgery on arachnopathies limited to 2 spinal segments was followed by progression-free survival for 78% over 10 years, in contrast to 31% with extensive arachnopathies. CONCLUSION: Surgery on nontraumatic arachnopathies related to syringomyelia should be reserved for patients with progressive symptoms. Arachnolysis, untethering, and duraplasty provide good long-term results for focal arachnopathies. For extensive pathologies with a history of subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis, treatment remains a major challenge.


2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Hasegawa ◽  
Yoshihisa Kida ◽  
Takenori Kato ◽  
Hiroshi Iizuka ◽  
Shunichiro Kuramitsu ◽  
...  

Object Little is known about long-term outcomes, including tumor control and adverse radiation effects, in patients harboring vestibular schwannomas (VSs) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery > 10 years previously. The aim of this study was to confirm whether Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for VSs continues to be safe and effective > 10 years after treatment. Methods A total of 440 patients with VS (including neurofibromatosis Type 2) treated with GKS between May 1991 and December 2000 were evaluable. Of these, 347 patients (79%) underwent GKS as an initial treatment and 93 (21%) had undergone prior resection. Three hundred fifty-eight patients (81%) had a solid tumor and 82 (19%) had a cystic tumor. The median tumor volume was 2.8 cm3 and the median marginal dose was 12.8 Gy. Results The median follow-up period was 12.5 years. The actuarial 5- and ≥ 10-year progression-free survival was 93% and 92%, respectively. No patient developed treatment failure > 10 years after treatment. According to multivariate analysis, significant factors related to worse progression-free survival included brainstem compression with a deviation of the fourth ventricle (p < 0.0001), marginal dose ≤ 13 Gy (p = 0.01), prior treatment (p = 0.02), and female sex (p = 0.02). Of 287 patients treated at a recent optimum dose of ≤ 13 Gy, 3 (1%) developed facial palsy, including 2 with transient palsy and 1 with persistent palsy after a second GKS, and 3 (1%) developed facial numbness, including 2 with transient and 1 with persistent facial numbness. The actuarial 10-year facial nerve preservation rate was 97% in the high marginal dose group (> 13 Gy) and 100% in the low marginal dose group (≤ 13 Gy). Ten patients (2.3%) developed delayed cyst formation. One patient alone developed malignant transformation, indicating an incidence of 0.3%. Conclusions In this study GKS was a safe and effective treatment for the majority of patients followed > 10 years after treatment. Special attention should be paid to cyst formation and malignant transformation as late adverse radiation effects, although they appeared to be rare. However, it is necessary to collect further long-term follow-up data before making conclusions about the long-term safety and efficacy of GKS, especially for young patients with VSs.


2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 66-66
Author(s):  
Lydia Gaba ◽  
Iván Victoria ◽  
Francisco Aya ◽  
Gustavo Ruiz ◽  
Estela Pineda ◽  
...  

66 Background: Anti-PD1 antibodies (Abs) Nivolumab (Nivo) and Pembrolizumab (Pembro) have both demonstrated to improve the overall survival (OS) in patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic melanoma (MM) in the first line setting. We previously reported that an increase in absolute eosinophil counts (AEC) of 100/mm3 over baseline at week 3 and an AEC > 400/mm3 at week 12 during anti-PD1 treatment (tmt) might identify pts with MM most likely to experience long-term disease control (1). AEC could serve as an important marker allowing the detection of those patients who may benefit from the therapy with anti-PD1 Abs. Methods: This retrospective observational study included pts with MM who received anti-PD1 tmt in a single institution. The objective was to identify whether an increase over the upper limit of normal AEC (>400/mm3) at any time during the tmt could predict better outcomes. Blood tests were performed before every tmt administration. Progression free survival (PFS) and OS were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze patient baseline characteristics. PFS and OS were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: From March 2013 to February 2016, 50 pts were treated with anti-PD1 Abs (39 pts with Pembro and 11 pts with Nivo). Median age was 58 years (33-84). 72% had received previous systemic tmt for MM, 64% had stage M1c disease, and 50% had elevated LDH levels. BRAF V600 mutations were observed in 34%. The median time to increase AEC > 400/mm2 was 42 (14-196) days. Pts who experienced an increase > 400/mm3 at 12 weeks demonstrated better outcomes in terms of PFS (21,9 [95% CI: 11,1-32,6] vs. 7,5 [95% CI: 4,3-10,7] months, p=0.017) and OS (38,0 [95% CI: 30,8-45,1] vs. 20,5 [95% CI: 15,7-25,3] months, p=0.025) compared with those who did not. Moreover, according to our previous results, pts with an increase of at least 100/mm3 in AEC over the baseline at 12 weeks also showed better OS (32,5 [95% CI: 26,3-38,8] vs. 16,3 [95% CI: 11,1-21,6] months, p=0.008). Conclusions: An increase in AEC of 100/mm3 over baseline and an absolute AEC > 400/mm3 at week 12 during anti-PD1 tmt might identify pts with MM most likely to experience clinical benefit with anti-PD1 Abs which could be relevant for pts management.


Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1564-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Valentino ◽  
T Moss ◽  
E Olson ◽  
HJ Wang ◽  
R Elashoff ◽  
...  

Abstract Shedding of membrane gangliosides is characteristic of human and experimental tumors. Because some shed tumor gangliosides have potent tumor-enhancing properties, significant ganglioside shedding could influence tumor progression. We examined this possibility in a human tumor, neuroblastoma. Ganglioside shedding, measured as circulating tumor-derived GD2 ganglioside, and the outcome of 74 patients with advanced stage (III and IV) disease were studied. Progression-free survival (PFS) was inversely related to circulating GD2 levels at the time of diagnosis (P = .018). By Kaplan-Meier analysis, the quartile of patients having the highest circulating GD2 levels (greater than or equal to 568 pmol/mL) had a strikingly different outcome from the quartile of patients with the lowest (less than or equal to 103 pmol/mL) GD2 levels (P = .013): median PFS was shorter (9 v 28 months), and the long-term survival rate lower (2-year PFS of 24% v 70%). We conclude that more rapid disease progression and lower survival rate are associated with high circulating GD2 levels at diagnosis and speculate that shed neuroblastoma tumor gangliosides play a role in accelerating tumor progression.


2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Wilson ◽  
Al-Wala Awad ◽  
David Brachman ◽  
Stephen W. Coons ◽  
Heyoung McBride ◽  
...  

Object The optimal management of pineocytomas remains controversial. Although the value of complete microsurgical removal is well accepted, gross-total resection is not always feasible. Data regarding the role of postoperative adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for residual disease is limited and conflicting. Here, the authors review the largest single-institution experience with multimodal pineocytoma management in an effort to quantify the utility of adjuvant radiosurgical treatment of residual disease. Methods The medical records and radiographic studies for all patients with histologically confirmed pineocytoma at the Barrow Neurological Institute between 1999 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical and radiographic data, including the volumetric extent of resection, were collected retrospectively, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to identify progression-free survival. Results Fourteen adults with newly diagnosed pineocytomas were surgically treated in the period from 1999 to 2011. The median clinical and radiographic follow-ups were 44 and 53 months, respectively. Twelve patients (86%) underwent microsurgical removal and 2 (14%) underwent endoscopic biopsy. Five patients (36%) had complete resections and 9 (64%) demonstrated residual disease. Three patients (21%) presented with radiographic recurrence at a median interval of 43 months after initial treatment (range 13–83 months). At the time of recurrence, the median preoperative tumor volume was 2.6 cm3. Adjuvant SRS was used to treat 3 subtotally resected tumors (33%) following initial presentation and 2 (66%) at the time of recurrence. Among patients with subtotally resected tumors, progression-free survival was significantly longer (p < 0.05) for those who did as compared with those who did not undergo adjuvant radiosurgery. To date, no patient who underwent adjuvant radiosurgery has demonstrated radiographic or clinical evidence of disease progression. Conclusions Microsurgical removal remains the definitive treatment for pineocytomas, yet residual disease can be effectively controlled using adjuvant SRS.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi45-vi45
Author(s):  
Chinmaykumar Prajapati ◽  
Maitrik Mehta ◽  
U Suryanarayan Kunikullaya

Abstract BACKGROUD AND PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant [pre-radiotherapy(RT)] temozolomide (TMZ) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients in terms of overall survival(OS) and progression free survival (PFS). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with diagnosed GBM are treated with neoadjuvant( pre RT) TMZ followed by concurrent RT-TMZ and adjuvant TMZ. The Kaplan-Meier method is used to estimate OS the differences between groups. RESULTS Twenty five patients are match with inclusion criteria. Age group, Recurvsive partitioning analysis (RPA) class and extent of surgery are found to effect on overall survival but statistically not significant. At end of study, 40 percent patients are alive with 9 months PFS and 11 months OS. CONCLUSION The neo-adjuvant TMZ with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ is feasible and safe which is associated with an encouraging favorable long-term survival with acceptable toxicity.


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