A prospective controlled study on the impact of anterior temporal lobectomy on dream content

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Holger Joswig ◽  
Chloe Gui ◽  
Miguel Arango ◽  
Andrew G. Parrent ◽  
Keith W. MacDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Dream Content ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study

OBJECTIVE Changes of dream ability and content in patients with brain lesions have been addressed in only about 100 case reports. All of these reports lack data regarding prelesional baseline dream content. Therefore, it was the objective of this study to prospectively assess dream content before and after anterior temporal lobectomy. METHODS Using the Hall and Van de Castle system, 30 dreams before and 21 dreams after anterior temporal lobectomy for drug-resistant epilepsy were analyzed. Fifty-five dreams before and 60 dreams after stereoelectroencephalography served as controls. RESULTS After anterior temporal lobectomy, patients had significantly less physical aggression in their dreams than preoperatively (p < 0.01, Cohen’s h statistic). Dream content of patients undergoing stereoelectroencephalography showed no significant changes. CONCLUSIONS Within the default dream network, the temporal lobe may account for aggressive dream content. Impact of general anesthesia on dream content, as a possible confounder, was ruled out.

A prospective controlled study about sleep disorders in drug resistant epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 434-440
Author(s):  
Melanie Bergmann ◽  
Manuela Prieschl ◽  
Ambra Stefani ◽  
Anna Heidbreder ◽  
Gerald Walser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study

scholarly journals Memory outcome 2 years after anterior temporal lobectomy in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy

Seizure ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana G. Grammaldo ◽  
Giancarlo Di Gennaro ◽  
Teresa Giampà ◽  
Marco De Risi ◽  
Giulio N. Meldolesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

scholarly journals Memory, Emotional and Vocational Impairments before and after Anterior Temporal Lobectomy for Complex Partial Seizures

Epilepsia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1922-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario F. Dulay ◽  
Michele K. York ◽  
Elizabeth M. Soety ◽  
Winifred J. Hamilton ◽  
Eli M. Mizrahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Neurocysticercosis as a probable risk factor for hippocampal sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gagandeep Singh ◽  
Josemir W. Sander
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Imaging ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Pathology Reports

ABSTRACT Neurocysticercosis is one of the most common risk factors for epilepsy but its association with drug-resistant epilepsy remains uncertain. Conjectures of an association with drug-resistant epilepsy have been fueled by reports of an association between calcific neurocysticercosis lesions (CNL) and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) from specialized epilepsy centers in Taenia solium-endemic regions. The debate arising from these reports is whether the association is causal. Evidence for the association is not high quality but sufficiently persuasive to merit further investigation with longitudinal imaging studies in population-based samples from geographically-diverse regions. The other controversial point is the choice of a surgical approach for drug-resistant epilepsy associated with CNL-HS. Three approaches have been described: standard anteromesial temporal lobectomy, lesionectomy involving a CNL alone and lesionectomy with anteromesial temporal lobectomy (for dual pathology); reports of the latter two approaches are limited. Presurgical evaluation should consider possibilities of delineating the epileptogenic zone/s in accordance with all three approaches.

scholarly journals Controlled Study of the Impact of a Virtual Program to Reduce Stigma Among University Students Toward People With Mental Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías E. Rodríguez-Rivas ◽  
Adolfo J. Cangas ◽  
Daniela Fuentes-Olavarría
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
University Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Global Score ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Stigma toward mental disorders is one of today's most pressing global issues. The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated the barriers to social inclusion faced by individuals with mental disorders. Concurrently, stigma reduction interventions, especially those aimed at university students, have been more difficult to implement given social distancing and campus closures. As a result, alternative delivery for programs contributing to stigma reduction is required, such as online implementation. This paper reports the results of a controlled study focused on an online multi-component program on reducing stigma toward mental illness that included project-based learning, clinical simulations with standardized patients and E-Contact with real patients. A total of 40 undergraduate students from the Universidad del Desarrollo in Santiago, Chile, participated in the study. They were randomly divided between an intervention and control group. The intervention group participated in the online multi-component program, while the control group participated in an online educational program on cardiovascular health. We assessed the impact of the program by using the validated Spanish-language versions of the Attribution Questionnaire AQ-27 and the Questionnaire on Student Attitudes toward Schizophrenia with both groups, before and after the intervention. In addition, an ad hoc Likert scale ranging from 0 to 5 was used with the intervention group in order to assess the learning strategies implemented. Following the intervention, the participants belonging to the intervention group displayed significantly lower levels of stereotypes, perception of dangerousness, and global score toward people with schizophrenia (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, participants presented lower levels of dangerousness-fear, avoidance, coercion, lack of solidarity, and global score (p &lt; 0.001). The control group displayed no statistically significant differences in the level of stigma before and after the evaluation, for all of the items assessed. Finally, the overall assessment of each of the components of the program was highly positive. In conclusion, the study shows that online programs can contribute to reducing stigma toward mental disorders. The program assessed in this study had a positive impact on all the dimensions of stigma and all of the components of the program itself were positively evaluated by the participants.

scholarly journals Ellenőrző lista hatása a légútbiztosítás korai szövődményeire felnőttekben

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (26) ◽  
pp. 1025-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Pál Szűcs ◽  
János Farkas ◽  
Péter Schimert ◽  
Zsolt Baranyai ◽  
Elek Dinya
Keyword(s):  
Airway Management ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Data Collection Sheet ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study

Abstract: Introduction: Airway management is an integral part of general anaesthesia, which may lead to severe short- and long-term complications. Aim: We assessed whether the application of a checklist for the steps of airway management reduces the number of complications in our institute. Method: In our observational, prospective, controlled study we made a checklist and a data collection sheet. Each airway management was performed for one month without the checklist and then for one month in the possession of the checklist. We evaluated the outcome of airway maneuvers and the occurrence of related early complications before and after the introduction of the checklist. The primary endpoint was the incidence of unexpected difficult airway. The secondary endpoints were difficult intubation, successful first intubation, aspiration, cardiac arrest, post-induction hypotension and desaturation, soft tissues/teeth injuries. Our results were also corrected for factors that affect the risk of complications (urgency of interventions, medical experience). Results: We did not find any difference in the frequency of acute complications before the introduction of the checklist (n = 439) and during the subsequent period (n = 423). At the primary endpoint (7.29% and 6.14%), there was no substantive difference (1.15%, 95% CI: –2.26%–4.56%, p = 0.5). No differences were found regarding the secondary and other endpoints. Following the correction of risk factors, there was no impact of the checklist on the incidence of complications. Conclusion: The introduction of the checklist in itself did not result in a significant change in the risk of short-term complications of airway management in our institution. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(26): 1025–1035.

scholarly journals A Prospective Controlled Study of the Impact of Hyperthyroidism on Reproductive Function in Males

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 3667-3671 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Krassas ◽  
N. Pontikides ◽  
V. Deligianni ◽  
K. Miras
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Density ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study

The aim of this prospective controlled study was to ascertain the effect of hyperthyroidism on sperm quality and composition. We studied 23 thyrotoxic male patients, aged 43.8 ± 2.4 yr (mean ± sem), and 15 healthy male controls of approximately the same age (42.2 ± 2.2 yr). Two semen analyses at intervals of 2–3 wk were obtained before and about 5 months after euthyroidism was achieved either by methimazole alone (14 patients) or 131I plus methimazole (9 patients). Total fructose, zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg) were also measured in seminal plasma in 16 patients, because 7 had semen volume less than 2 ml. In the control group semen analysis was performed only once. Mean (±sem) semen volume was within normal range both in patients (3.3 ± 0.2 ml) and controls (3.5 ± 0.4 ml; P = NS). Mean sperm density was lower in patients, although the difference compared with controls did not reach statistical significance (35.7 ± 5.3 vs. 51.5 ± 6.1 × 106/ml; P = 0.062). The same was found with sperm morphology (68 ± 7% vs. 78 ± 8%; P = NS). Finally, mean motility was lower in thyrotoxic males than in controls (28 ± 8% vs. 57 ± 7%; P &lt; 0.01). After treatment, sperm density and motility improved [35.7 ± 5.3 vs. 43.3 ± 6.5 × 106/ml (P = NS) and 28 ± 8% vs. 45 ± 7% (P &lt; 0.05), respectively], but sperm morphology did not change (68 ± 7% vs. 70 ± 6%; P = NS). Mean values for fructose, Zn, and Mg did not differ between controls and patients either before or after achievement of euthyroidism [9.2 ± 0.7, 3.0 ± 0.5, and 4.2 ± 0.7 nmol/liter vs. 8.6 ± 0.9, 3.0 ± 0.5, and 4.7 ± 0.8 nmol/liter (patients before) and 9.1 ± 0.7, 3.1 ± 0.6, and 4.5 ± 0.9 nmol/liter (patients after treatment) for fructose, Zn, and Mg, respectively]. Moreover, according to the treatment given, no statistically significant differences were found before or after treatment. Finally, seminal plasma fructose, Zn, and Mg levels did not correlate with sperm parameters or with pretreatment thyroid hormone levels. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that male patients with hyperthyroidism have abnormalities in seminal parameters, mainly sperm motility. These abnormalities improve or normalize when the patients become euthyroid. Restoration of sperm parameters was independent of the treatment provided for the hyperthyroid syndrome. Moreover, seminal plasma elements, such as fructose, Zn, and Mg, did not correlate with sperm density, motility, or morphology.

Pre- and Postoperative Mucociliary Clearance in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 884-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashikant K. Kaluskar
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study ◽  
Results Of Surgery ◽  
Nose And Sinuses

The advent of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has revolutionized the treatment of chronic sinusitis over the last decade. Although it has been well-established that FESS is more efficacious than conventional surgery, the lack of a quantifiable means of assessing results remains one of the major shortcomings of the technique, and hence a source of criticism. Since the pathophysiology of chronic sinusitis is intimately related to the mucociliary mechanism of the nose and sinuses, it seems logical to use this parameter as a yardstick of success. We undertook a prospective, controlled study of 40 patients and measured their “saccharin times” before and after surgery. The results show a marked reduction in clearance times postoperatively, corresponding well with improvement in symptom profile. We therefore propose this technique as a simple, safe and reliable method of assessing the results of surgery. Furthermore, the method could act as a preoperative indicator of ciliary motility disorders, as the prognosis in these patients is distinctly poor.

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