Changes in the components and content of biological water in the brain of experimental hydrocephalic rabbits

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Tamaki ◽  
Haruo Yamashita ◽  
Mitsuru Kimura ◽  
Kazumasa Ehara ◽  
Masahiro Asada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Periventricular White Matter ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Biological Water ◽  
Cortical Gray Matter ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Bound Water Content

✓ Changes in biological water components and their respective content in the cortical gray matter and periventricular white matter were studied in rabbits rendered hydrocephalic by intracisternal kaolin injection. There was no change in either total water content or free or bound water content in the cortical gray matter at the various stages of hydrocephalus development. While there was no significant change in total water content in the periventricular white matter at any stage of hydrocephalus, free water content was significantly elevated and bound water content was decreased at the acute and subacute stages, with a return to relatively normal levels at the chronic stage. It is concluded that in the periventricular white matter, free water enters the brain across the ependymal lining during the acute and subacute stages of experimental hydrocephalus with a simultaneous reduction in the bound water and that there is some recovery at the chronic stage. It is suggested that alternative drainage pathways may develop in chronic hydrocephalus allowing drainage of free water in the periventricular white matter, which in turn permits bound water to return to relatively normal levels.

scholarly journals Total and Fractional Composition of Water in Pear Leaves Depending on the Optimised Fertiliser

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Roman Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Total Water Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Positive Effect

The water content in tissues is an important indicator of the physiological state of the plant and is of great importance in the comparative assessment of their cultivation measures that increase productivity. One of such measures is rational fertilisation of plantings, which determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study was to establish the effect of optimised fertiliser on the water content in pear tree leaves and the fractional composition of water during stressful growing periods. One of the critical problems is drought, which negatively affects the growth and productivity of plantings. Under such conditions, the turgor of plant cells decreases and the passage of biochemical and physiological processes in the plant slows down. The paper considers the results of studying the water regime of leaves (the content of total, available, and inaccessible moisture) of pear varieties Konferentsia and Osnovianska on vegetative rootstock Quince A grown using optimised fertiliser in nonirrigated plantations. The study was conducted in 2011 and 2018 in a certified educational and research laboratory of the Uman National University of Horticulture. It was found that during the age periods of growth and fruiting, there was a change in the total water content in the pear leaves of the studied varieties. Leaves from pear trees of the Konferentsia variety had a higher water content compared to the Osnovianska variety. Fertiliser options increased the total water content in the leaves, which had a positive effect on the condition of the trees. It was found that at the beginning of the growing season, the free water content in the leaves of pear varieties Konferentsia and Osnovianska was higher, while it significantly decreased in the middle of the season. The bound water content was higher in all studied options. Under stressful situations (drought, temperature increase), fertiliser application had a positive effect on the water content in the leaves of both studied pear varieties. The practical significance of the study is to recommend the production of a rational fertiliser system for nonirrigated pear plantations in different age periods of growth and fruiting, which positively affected the water content in leaves and the fractional composition of water during stressful periods of cultivation

scholarly journals The Components of Leaf Water Potential III. Effects of Tissue Characteristics and Relative Water Content on Water Potential

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Warren Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Total Water Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Tissue Characteristics ◽  
Bound Water Content

A theoretical treatment suggests that osmotic, matric, and pressure potentials (1T, 7, andP) and their sum the water potential (.p) for any relative water content (R) can be calculated if three quantities that characterize the tissue are known: the sum of osmotic and matric potentials at full turgor (1Tt + 7t), bound water content as a proportion of total water content at full turgor (B), and coefficient of enlargement (e) .

The Post-Mortem Changes of Corneal Turbidity and its Water Content

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Tsunenari ◽  
Mizuho Kanda
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Laser Apparatus ◽  
Water Contents

An instrumental determination of post-mortem corneal turbidity and the changes of water contents in the post-mortem cornea are reported. The degree of the post-mortem corneal turbidity was expressed in an objective reading of the ammeter in the authors' Laser apparatus. The free water (FW) and the bound water (BW) were separated from the total water (TW) according to the method of Hatschek (1936). The corneal opacity of closed eyes accelerated faster than that of opened eyes. The BW in corneas both of opened and closed eyes decreased with the time elapsed after death, whereas the FW increased steadily. The higher the humidity of the surroundings of a cornea, the greater the amount of TW observed, and vice versa.

Capillary suction time (CST) as a measure of sludge dewaterability

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Chen ◽  
W. W. Lin ◽  
D. J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solid Concentration ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Good Index ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sludge Dewaterability ◽  
Bound Water Content

The feasibility of employment of capillary suction time (CST) for characterizing the dewaterability of excess activated sludges was examined. The CST was shown as a good index for sludge filterability, if only the product of solid concentration and average specific resistance is of interest. On the other hand, the bound water content cannot be directly evaluated from the CST data.

scholarly journals Bound Water Content of Vegetative and Spore Forms of Bacteria

1938 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Friedman ◽  
B. S. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Bound Water Content

scholarly journals Studies on the Maximum Bound Water Content by the Differential Scanning Calorimetry on Lipstick

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Khee-Hwan Choi ◽  
Myung-Jin Ann ◽  
Hong-Ha Son ◽  
Kyong-Seub Kim ◽  
Sang-Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bound Water Content
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