scholarly journals Polymerase chain reaction in meat species identification

Meso ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 514-522
Author(s):  
Dora Zurak ◽  
Kristina Kljak ◽  
Željka Cvrtila
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Meat Species Identification ◽  
Meat Species ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dna Pcr

Lebensmittel gelten als authentisch, wenn das Produkt oder sein Inhalt mit dem Originalzustand und den Angaben auf der Deklaration übereinstimmt. Abweichungen von den Behauptungen und Angaben auf der Deklaration werden als Verstöße gegen die Lebensmittelvorschriften angesehen. Aufgrund des gestiegenen Bewusstseins für das Problem und die negativen Auswirkungen von Lebensmittelbetrug wird der Fleischkonsum maßgeblich von der Wahrnehmung der Verbraucher in Bezug auf die Lebensmittelqualität und Sicherheit beeinflusst. Daher ist eine genaue Etikettierung einer der wichtigsten Faktoren, die die Verbraucherpräferenzen bei der Auswahl und dem Kauf von Fleisch und Fleischerzeugnissen beeinflussen. Aus diesem Grund sind Analysemethoden zur Überprüfung der Echtheit von Fleisch und Fleischerzeugnissen wichtig, um die Produktqualität, Lebensmittelsicherheit und den Verbraucherschutz zu gewährleisten. Die Substitution von Fleischsorten ist nicht das einzige Kriterium für die Bestimmung der Echtheit von Fleisch und Fleischerzeugnissen, sondern auch die Herkunft des Fleisches, die Behandlung des Fleisches und der Zusatz von sonstigen Zutaten. Die Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) und die davon abgeleiteten Technologien haben sich als die am besten geeigneten Methoden zur Identifizierung von Arten in rohem und technologisch verarbeitetem Fleisch erwiesen. Die PCR-Methoden basieren hauptsächlich auf der Identifizierung der Zielregion der mitochondrialen DNA, was den Nachweis von Arten in einer breiten Palette von Fleischerzeugnissen ermöglicht, einschließlich aller Haustiere und des für den menschlichen Verzehr bestimmten Wildfleischs. Sie haben jedoch auch einige Nachteile. So eignet sich beispielsweise die zufällig amplifizierte polymorphe DNA (PCR-RAPD) nicht für den Artennachweis in Fleischmischungen und in thermisch verarbeitetem Fleisch. Andererseits sind einige Methoden teuer und zeitaufwendig, und die Ergebnisse sind schwer zu interpretieren. In diesem Artikel werden die wichtigsten PCR-basierten Methoden zur Identifizierung von Fleischarten vorgestellt und beschrieben.

scholarly journals A quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of equine (horse and donkey)-originated meat in processed bovine meat products

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Aysun Türkanoǧlu Özçelik ◽  
Semiramis Yılmaz ◽  
Sevda Gökbora ◽  
Mehmet İnan
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Melting Curve Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Quantification Analysis ◽  
Meat Species ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Identification And Quantification

Meat is one of the most important basic foodstuffs in human nutrition. Nowadays, adulteration and authenticity are common problems for meat products. Identification of meat species is important in terms of consumer protection and prevention of adulteration. There are different methods to determine adulteration of meat and meat products. These methods are histological controls, serological tests, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In this study, species identification and quantification analysis of meat and meat products were done by using horse-, donkey-, and bovine-specific primers with quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Triple meat mixtures containing horse and donkey meat ranging from 0.1 to 50% levels were prepared within a bovine mixture for using species identification and quantification analysis. The method specificity was confirmed by melting curve analysis. In conclusion, quantitative polymerase chain reaction is an easy, rapid, and reliable method for meat species identification, and with this study an applicable method was developed for the detection and quantification of equine-originated meat in bovine meat products.

Extraction of microsporidial DNA from modified trichrome-stained clinical slides and subsequent species identification using PCR sequencing

Parasitology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. CHAN ◽  
T. H. KOH
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Conditions ◽  
Hiv Negative

SUMMARYMolecular techniques involving polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing provide a relatively simple and objective means of identifying microsporidia to species level. We modified previously described methods of DNA extraction and PCR conditions for identification of microsporidia from museum slides, clinical specimens and environmental samples and successfully identifiedVittaforma corneaein 11 out of 13 cases of microsporidial infection from used trichrome-stained slides of corneal scrapings from HIV-negative patients with keratoconjunctivitis.

scholarly journals Culture-Negative Endocarditis Diagnosed Using 16S DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Duffett ◽  
Bayan Missaghi ◽  
Peter Daley
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
Valve Tissue ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dna Pcr ◽  
Culture Negative

16S DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular amplification technique that can be used to identify bacterial pathogens in culture-negative endocarditis. Bacterial DNA can be isolated from surgically excised valve tissue or from blood collected in EDTA vials. Use of this technique is particularly helpful in identifying the bacterial pathogen in cases of culture-negative endocarditis. A case involving a 48-year-old man who presented with severe aortic regurgitation and a four-month prodrome of low-grade fever is reported. Blood and valve tissue cultures following valve replacement were negative. A valve tissue sample was sent for investigation with 16S DNA PCR, which successfully identifiedStreptococcus salivariusand was interpreted as the true diagnosis. A review of the literature suggests that 16S DNA PCR from valve tissue is a more sensitive diagnostic test than culture. It is also extremely specific, based on a sequence match of at least 500 base pairs.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex vishnui Vector of Japanese Encephalitis Virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning Astuti ◽  
Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽  
R.C. Hidayat Soesilohadi ◽  
Suwarno Hadisusanto ◽  
Budi Mulyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Culex Tritaeniorhynchus ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dna Pcr

Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex vishnui are medically essential mosquitoes that transmit the Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus. There is less information about the recording data and research due to genetic character differences among them. The objective of this study was to examine the genetic variation of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. vishnui in 3 sites of Central Java using polymerase chain reaction randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD). The study was done in January to November 2017 in Pekalongan city, Pekalongan regency, and Semarang regency. Adult female mosquitoes collected by human bite method. DNA of ten Cx. tritaeniorhynchus samples and fifteen samples of Cx. vishnui purified using DNA extraction kit. Furthermore, PCR amplification was conducted with 5 RAPD primers (OPA 11, 12, 15, 16, and 20) and would run into 2% gel electrophoresis for 45 minutes. Cluster analysis was using MVSPTM software (version 3.1). The results showed 213 genetic characters of Cx. vishnui, while 142 characters shown by Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. The dendrograms showed three distinct groups of Cx. vishnui from 2 sites of Pekalongan and one site of Semarang, while Cx. tritaeniorhynchus showed two distinct groups, which were 1 group from Pekalongan and 1 group from Semarang. Low genetic similarity (<10%) shown Cx. vishnui from Pekalongan city and Pekalongan district, and there was no genetic similarity in Cx. tritaeniorhynchus from Pekalongan and Semarang. It concluded that the polymorphism of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. vishnui reached 100%. ANALISIS FILOGENETIK CULEX TRITAENIORHYNCHUS DAN CULEX VISHNUI VEKTOR VIRUS JAPANESE ENCEPHALITISNyamuk Culex tritaeniorhynchus dan Culex vishnui memiliki peran penting di bidang medis terutama dalam penularan virus Japanese  encephalitis (JE). Sampai saat ini data dan riset tentang karakter genetik vektor JE masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan variasi genetik Cx. tritaeniorhynchus dan Cx. vishnui di 3 lokasi di Jawa Tengah berdasar polymerase chain reaction randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD). Studi ini dilakukan dari bulan Januari sampai November 2017 di Kota Pekalongan, Kabupaten Pekalongan, dan Kabupaten Semarang. Metode human bite digunakan untuk koleksi nyamuk. Ekstraksi DNA nyamuk dilakukan pada 10 ekor Cx. tritaeniorhynchus dan 15 ekor Cx. vishnui menggunakan kit ekstraksi DNA. Selanjutnya, diamplifikasi dengan 5 macam primer RAPD (OPA 11, 12, 15, 16, dan 20), serta dielektroforesis pada 2% agar selama 45 menit. Analisis klaster dilakukan menggunakan program MVSPTM (versi 3.1). Ditemukan 213 dan 142 karakter genetik masing-masing pada Cx. vishnui dan Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Analisis dendogram menunjukkan 3 grup yang berbeda untuk Cx. vishnui, sedangkan untuk Cx. tritaeniorhynchus terdapat 2 grup yang berbeda, yaitu 1 grup dari Pekalongan dan 1 grup dari Semarang. Similaritas genetik yang rendah (<10%) ditunjukkan Cx. vishnui dari Kota Pekalongan dan Kabupaten Pekalongan, bahkan tidak ada persamaan genetik pada Cx. tritaeniorhynchus dari Pekalongan dengan Semarang. Disimpulkan bahwa polimorfisme Cx. tritaeniorhynchus dan Cx. vishnui mencapai 100%.

Rapid Detection and Species Identification of Mycobacteria in Paraffin-Embedded Tissues by Polymerase Chain Reaction

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Ghossein ◽  
Donald G. Ross ◽  
Robert N. Salomon ◽  
Arthur R. Rabson
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain
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