scholarly journals Prevalence of Dyspnea among Patients Attending the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (219) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anmol Purna Shrestha ◽  
Roshana Shrestha ◽  
Sanu Krishna Shrestha ◽  
Alok Pradhan ◽  
Samjhana Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Dyspnea is a common presenting complaint in the emergency department worldwide and a diagnostic challenge for emergency physicians. Our study aims to find the prevalence of dyspnea among patients attending emergency department in our hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of Dhulikhel hospital from May 2019 to July 2019 after ethical approval from the institutional review committee. Total 1200 samples were collected by consecutive sampling method. All patients were triaged in the emergency department as a part of regular protocol. The participants were included in the study after obtaining an informed consent from the patient or caretaker (if the patient were not able to provide it). Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. The statistical analysis was done using R version 3.5.3 (2019-03-11). Results: The prevalence of dyspnea among patients attending emergency department of a tertiary care hospital was 107 (8.9%) (4.6%-13.2%) at 95% confidence interval. The patients triaged into red, orange and yellow categories were 14 (13.1%), 50 (46.7%) and 43 (40.2%) respectively. Median age was 64 years and 74 (69%) were ≥60 years. Sixty-seven (62.6%) were females and 40 (37.4%) were males. Forty-four (41.1%) arrived by ambulance. Most commonly associated symptoms were cough and fever 59 (51.1%) and 44 (41.1%) respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyspnea among patients attending emergency department of our hospital is higher compared to that of other studies. This warrants structured and prompt management of dyspnea for quality improvement.

scholarly journals Acute Poisoning among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (227) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Thapa ◽  
Bishwa Raj Dawadi ◽  
Anup Raj Upreti
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Acute poisoning is a major global public health problem contributing to one of theleading causes for a visit to an emergency department. This study aims to analyse the demographicand psychosocial characteristics of patients with acute poisoning presented to the emergencydepartment. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital fromJune to December 2019 after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional review board (referencenumber. 041-075/0760). A convenient sampling method was applied. Epidemiological factors, typesof poison consumed, reason, motive, and place to take poison, time elapse in the presentation to thehospital were studied. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package for the social sciencesversion 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency andproportion for binary data. Results: Out of 76 cases of acute poisoning, the organophosphorus poisoning was 18 (23.7%) followedby unknown 12 (15.8). Of total, 28 (36.8%) had quarrel before taking poison and 41 (53.9 %) hadintention to commit suicide. Sixty-seven (88.2%) took a poison at home. The average elapsed time tothe visit of the emergency department was 110±80 minutes.   Conclusions: The most common poisoning was organophosphorus with a suicide being the mostcommon intention. Quarrel was the most frequent reason to take poison and the home was the mostcommon place to take poison.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Laryngomalacia among Young Children Presenting with Stridor in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (230) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apar Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Introduction: Laryngomalacia is one of the most common causes of stridor in young children. It can be a serious concern to both parents and caregivers. The main objective of this study is to find the prevalence of laryngomalacia among young children presenting with stridor in a tertiary care hospital in central Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out form 1st December 2017 to 1st May 2020 in children less than two years of age in a tertiary care hospital. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the hospital (reference number: 2020/23). Convenient sampling was done. Detailed demography, clinical examination, and video laryngoscopy findings were evaluated to find the prevalence of laryngomalacia among all children with stridor. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 430 participants who presented with stridor, the laryngomalacia was found in 234 (66%) (58.7-74.07) cases at a 95% confidence interval. The male: female ratio was 1.7:1. Most children, 192 (67.6%), presented with a milder form of laryngomalacia. The most common type was a mixed type of laryngomalacia in 159 (56%). Sleep-disordered breathing was seen in 113 (39.79%) of children diagnosed with laryngomalacia. Conclusions: Our study concluded that laryngomalacia was the most common cause of stridor in children less than two years of age. However, in most cases, the problem is not serious and a regular follow-up with weight monitoring is warranted.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sinew String in patients coming to a tertiary care hospital of Nepal: A descriptive cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
P Shrestha ◽  
K Shrestha ◽  
L Acharya ◽  
S Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Population

Introduction: Sinew strings are frenum or wrinkle like entity of mandibular distal buccal mucosa which is frequently encountered in the population. Sinew strings play an important role in determining the width and buccal extension of the denture flange of mandibular complete denture. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from 17th June 2020 to 20th September 2020. Convenient sampling (n=245) was done. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Data analysis was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Results: Among the study population (n=245 participants), sinew string was seen in 35% of the participants. The frequency of sinew string present bilaterally was 19% while it was present unilaterally in 16% of the population. Conclusions: The presence of sinew string in the sampled Nepalese population showed a higher prevalence than previous studies.  

scholarly journals Fungal Infections among Teledermatology Consultations in Dermatology Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1094-1097
Author(s):  
Sagar Mani Jha ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh Dangol ◽  
Bhabendra Suwal ◽  
Jyotshna Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatology Department

Introduction: Teledermatology provides virtual consultation to patients using telecommunication technology. Using this method dermatologists can diagnose a condition with the help of pictures of the lesions and short history. During the COVID-19 pandemic, practicing this method has become more relevant. Providing teleconsultations to patients with fungal skin infections can prevent inadvertent use of topical corticosteroids. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of fungal infections among teledermatology consultations done in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study where the store and forward and real-time methods were used between February 2020 to July 2020. Ethical clearance was taken from the institutional review board (reference number: 245). Data of those patients who wanted consultations from this department were sent by medical officers deployed in military hospitals that are under the central army hospital located in Kathmandu. Convenient sampling was used. The collected data was entered and analyzed in the Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: A total of 451 (33.45%) (30.93-35.97 at 95% Confidence Interval) were diagnosed with fungal infections out of 1348 patients who were enrolled for the study. About 361 (80%) of the patients suffering from fungal infections belonged to the Terai region and 90 (20%) belonged to mountainous areas. Conclusions: The prevalence of fungal infection among teledermatology consultation was lower than the findings from a similar international study.

scholarly journals Onychomycosis among Clinically Suspected Cases Attending the Dermatology Out-patient Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beena Jha ◽  
Manisha Sharma ◽  
Sagar GC ◽  
Jyotshna Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Onychomycosis is a fungal disease of the nail apparatus caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophytes and yeasts. Although onychomycosis is rarely life threatening, its high incidence and the associated morbidity makes it an important public health problem. This study was aimed to find the prevalence of onychomycosis among clinically suspected patients attending the outpatient department of Dermatology and Venereology. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in a total of 200 clinically suspected cases of onychomycosis attending the Dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital within the period of one year from 1st September 2019 to 31st August 2020. Ethical approval (Reference: 150320196) was taken and convenience sampling was done. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 19. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 200 clinically suspected cases prevalence of onychomycosis was found to be 40 (20%) (Confidence Interval = 19.94-20.06) by both direct microscopy and culture. Onychomycosis was commonest among age group of 21-40 years and more predominant among male patients 60 (65.21%). The fingernails were frequently involved i.e., 58 (63%) cases followed by toenails 34 (21%). Dermatophytes were the most common type of fungal infection accounting for 25 (62.5%). Conclusions: The study highlighted dermatophytes as the most common clinical pattern of onychomycosis and Trichophyton rubrum as the most common aetiological agent causing onychomycosis.

scholarly journals Use of Postpartum Family Planning among Women Undergoing Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1086-1089
Author(s):  
Noora Pradhan ◽  
Anjana Dongol ◽  
Rashmi Bastakoti ◽  
Shailendra Bir Karmacharya ◽  
Om Hari Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postpartum Family Planning

Introduction: The postpartum period is a high-risk time for unintended pregnancies. A short inter-pregnancy interval leads to a series of complications for both the mother and the fetus. Postpartum contraceptive knowledge helps women decide the time frame for future pregnancy and prepare. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of postpartum family planning among women undergoing deliveries in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from hospital records of all postpartum women delivering in a tertiary care hospital from Jan 2017 to Jan 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences/Dhulikhel Hospital (reference number: 62/19). Convenience sampling was done. Data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 26. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 4205 deliveries, 1211 (28.7%) (27.33-30.06 at 95% Confidence Interval) women utilized postpartum family planning. Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate was adopted by a majority of the participants 802 (19.1%). Conclusions: The use of postpartum contraception in this study was similar to the findings from studies done in national data and studies.

scholarly journals Ocular Morbidity among Patients Visiting the Department of Ophthalmology during the Coronavirus Disease 2021 Pandemic at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (244) ◽  
pp. 1219-1224
Author(s):  
Pradeep Bastola ◽  
Polina Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Ocular Morbidity

Introduction: Due to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2021 pandemic and lockdown, eye care services have been compromised globally. The magnitude of ocular diseases across all populations in Nepal are few and far between and rare during this pandemic. This study was aimed to find out the prevalence of ocular morbidity among patients visiting the department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital during the pandemic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients visiting thedepartment of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital from 18 August 2021 to 30 September 2021. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference: 078/079-023). Convenience sampling was done. Basic demographic data, clinical characteristics, visual status and prevalence of ocular morbidities were noted. Data entry was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: Out of 650 study subjects examined, 454 (69.8%) (66-73.0 at 95% Confidence Interval) study subjects had at least one ocular morbidity in at least one eye. Refractive error 153 (33.7%) was the commonest ocular morbidity followed by headache 52 (11.5%), dry eyes 50 (11%), non-communicable diseases related ocular morbidity 41 (9%), and age related cataract 37 (8.1%). Conclusions: The prevalence of ocular morbidity in our study was higher than findings from other similar studies done at national and international levels, though the causes of ocular morbidity was similar.

scholarly journals Attitude Towards Suicide among Caregivers of Patients Admitted with Suicide Attempt to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (236) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prekshya Thapa ◽  
Sami Lama ◽  
Nirmala Pradhan ◽  
Kriti Thapa ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Understanding the attitude of caregivers towards suicide attempters could be useful in suicide prevention. The objective of this study was to study attitude towards suicide among caregivers of patients with suicide attempt admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 52 caregivers of patients with suicide attempt who had been admitted to a tertiary care hospital of Nepal after obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee (ref. IRC/0797/016). Data were collected through interviews using the Attitude towards Suicide Questionnaire and in-depth interviews conducted on five caregivers using the interview framework developed in the department for the purpose. Data and descriptive analysis were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Content analysis was used for qualitative data. Results: Majority of the caregivers 34 (65.4%) had unfavorable attitude towards suicide. Caregivers reported that mental and chronic physical illness, financial difficulty, working environment, and social factors such as undue pressure and failure to perform the task, difficulty maintaining the relationship, abuse, and neglect could be some of the possible causes of suicide. Caring and understanding attitude of family members, health professionals, and society towards the suicidal individuals providing appropriate training and education to the public would help in reducing the stigma and burden of suicidal patients. Conclusions: The overall attitude of the caregivers was unfavorable. Interventions targeted towards improving attitude towards suicide could be helpful in suicide prevention.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Injury Presenting to Emergency Department in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (229) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Thapa ◽  
Anup Raj Upreti ◽  
Bishow Raj Dawadi
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Injury is one of the major global public health problems causing significant number of death and disability. The study aims to study the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients presented in emergency department with injury. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital from September 2019 to February 2020 after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional review board (reference number 007-076/077). A convenient sampling method was applied. Epidemiological factors, chronological factors, causes of injury, anatomical distribution, pattern of injury were studied. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package for the social sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 197 patients, 72 (36.5%) patients had fall followed by road traffic accident 57 (28.9%). Of total, 80 (40.6%) had injury at home and 80 (40.6%) had cut injury. Head and neck accounted for 66 (33.5%) of total injury followed by upper Extremities 50 (25.4%) and lower extremities 47 (23.9%). Eighty-seven (44.2%) of the patients visited emergency within 30 minutes of sustained injury. Conclusions: The top three leading causes of injuries visiting emergency department were: fall, Road Traffic Accident and physical assaults respectively. The most common mode was fall being cut as most common pattern. Head and neck was the most commonest site of injury. The common place of injury was home.

scholarly journals Cases of Left Against Medical Advice from the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Nath Pant ◽  
Saswat Kumar Jha ◽  
Sauravi Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Against Medical Advice

Introduction: Left against medical advice is a worldwide phenomenon. Patients leaving against Left against medical advice do not provide the health professionals with legal impunity. A well-informed consent should be present with surety that they are well understood by the patient before they leave. The study was undertaken to study the prevalence of patients that leave against medical advice. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital from 1st February 2020 to 31 July 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (ref. no. 130120205). The sample size was calculated and the convenient sampling method was used. Data were analyzed in the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 22. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of 5834 visits, 332 (5.96%) (4.70-7.22 at 95% Confidence Interval) patients left against medical advice. The mean age was 36.48 years (3 days-91 years) and males 173 (52.3%) were prone to leave than females. Only 50 (15.1%) cases had well-informed consent with complications documented. Hundred (30.5%) patients had wanted to come on follow up the next day in the out-patient department while 41 (12.4%) had to leave because of financial reasons. Only seven (2.9%) of well-oriented patients gave their consent and the remaining 233 (97.1%) were by the kin present. Only 76 (23%) patients were sent home with a well-documented medicine prescription. Conclusions: The proportion of patients who left against medical advice was more than the studies done in a similar setting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document