scholarly journals The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Health And Disease

I respond to the 4 commentaries by Awais Aftab & Kristopher Nielsen (A&N), Hane Htut Maung (HHM), Diane O’Leary (DO’L) and Kathryn Tabb (KT) under 3 main headings: “What is the BPSM really?” & Why update it?; “Is our approach foundationally compromised?”, and finally, “Antagonists or fellow travellers?”.

scholarly journals Centrifugal and Centripetal Thinking About the Biopsychosocial Model in Psychiatry

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Tabb
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Original Formulation ◽  
Causal Connections ◽  
Original Analysis ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Right ◽  
Derek Bolton

The biopsychosocial model, which was deeply influential on psychiatry following its introduction by George L. Engel in 1977, has recently made a comeback. Derek Bolton and Grant Gillett have argued that Engel’s original formulation offered a promising general framework for thinking about health and disease, but that this promise requires new empirical and philosophical tools in order to be realized. In particular, Bolton and Gillett offer an original analysis of the ontological relations between Engel’s biological, social, and psychological levels of analysis. I argue that Bolton and Gillett’s updated model, while providing an intriguing new metaphysical framework for medicine, cannot resolve some of the most vexing problems facing psychiatry, which have to do with how to prioritize different sorts of research. These problems are fundamentally ethical, rather than ontological. Without the right prudential motivation, in other words, the unification of psychiatry under a single conceptual framework seems doubtful, no matter how compelling the model. An updated biopsychosocial model should include explicit normative commitments about the aims of medicine that can give guidance about the sorts of causal connections to be prioritized as research and clinical targets.

scholarly journals The Biopsychosocial-Digital Approach to Health and Disease: Call for a Paradigm Expansion (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Ahmadvand ◽  
Robert Gatchel ◽  
John Brownstein ◽  
Lisa Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Human Resources For Health ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health And Disease

UNSTRUCTURED Digital health is an advancing phenomenon in modern health care systems. Currently, numerous stakeholders in various countries are evaluating the potential benefits of digital health solutions at the individual, population, and/or organizational levels. Additionally, driving factors are being created from the customer-side of the health care systems to push health care providers, policymakers, or researchers to embrace digital health solutions. However, health care providers may differ in their approach to adopt these solutions. Health care providers are not assumed to be appropriately trained to address the requirements of integrating digital health solutions into daily everyday practices and procedures. To adapt to the changing demands of health care systems, it is necessary to expand relevant paradigms and to train human resources as required. In this article, a more comprehensive paradigm will be proposed, based on the ‘biopsychosocial model’ of assessing health and disease, originally introduced by George L Engel. The “biopsychosocial model” must be leveraged to include a “digital” component, thus suggesting a ‘biopsychosocial-digital’ approach to health and disease. Modifications to the “biopsychosocial” model and transition to the “biopsychosocial-digital” model are explained. Furthermore, the emerging implications of understanding health and disease are clarified pertaining to their relevance in training human resources for health care provision and research.

Drug Induced Changes in Cell Organelles

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Luse
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
New Era ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Cellular Pathology ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

In the mid-nineteenth century Virchow revolutionized pathology by introduction of the concept of “cellular pathology”. Today, a century later, this term has increasing significance in health and disease. We now are in the beginning of a new era in pathology, one which might well be termed “organelle pathology” or “subcellular pathology”. The impact of lysosomal diseases on clinical medicine exemplifies this role of pathology of organelles in elucidation of disease today.Another aspect of cell organelles of prime importance is their pathologic alteration by drugs, toxins, hormones and malnutrition. The sensitivity of cell organelles to minute alterations in their environment offers an accurate evaluation of the site of action of drugs in the study of both function and toxicity. Examples of mitochondrial lesions include the effect of DDD on the adrenal cortex, riboflavin deficiency on liver cells, elevated blood ammonia on the neuron and some 8-aminoquinolines on myocardium.

Much Ado About Fried Chicken: Abetting Aspiration or Respecting Autonomy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1356-1362
Author(s):  
Laurence Tan Lean Chin ◽  
Yu Jun Lim ◽  
Wan Ling Choo
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Decisions ◽  
Goals Of Care ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Aspiration Risk ◽  
Patient Centric

Purpose Palliative care is a philosophy of care that encompasses holistic, patient-centric care involving patients and their family members and loved ones. Palliative care patients often have complex needs. A common challenge in managing patients near their end of life is the complexity of navigating clinical decisions and finding achievable and realistic goals of care that are in line with the values and wishes of patients. This often results in differing opinions and conflicts within the multidisciplinary team. Conclusion This article describes a tool derived from the biopsychosocial model and the 4-quadrant ethical model. The authors describe the use of this tool in managing a patient who wishes to have fried chicken despite aspiration risk and how this tool was used to encourage discussions and reduce conflict and distress within the multidisciplinary team.

The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽  
Mahalakshmi Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

Studies on Gastric Mucus in Health and Disease

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lansing C. Hoskins ◽  
Norman Zamcheck
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Health And Disease

A Method for the Colorimetric Determination of β-Glucuronidase in Urine, Serum, Tissue; Assay of Enzymatic Activity in Health and Disease

1959 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius A. Goldbarg ◽  
Esteban P. Pineda ◽  
Benjamin M. Banks ◽  
Alexander M. Rutenburg
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Urine Serum
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