scholarly journals The structure of the amur tiger (panthera tigris altaica) potential habitats and evaluation of its prey in the Taipingou national park (China) based on remote sensing data

Author(s):  
Shibing Zhu ◽  
Yi Qu ◽  
Yingzhu Liu ◽  
D. V. Dobrynin ◽  
O. V. Sukhova ◽  
...  

Today the population of the Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) in the Russian Far East is being restored, young individuals are spread within the historical range, including the territory of China. Here the assessment of the territories suitability that exists at Northeastern China as the habitat of the Amur tiger and its food supply (three species of ungulates – wild boar, red deer and roe deer) are shown. Basically a specially protected area is chosen – the Taipingou National Park, located on the border of the Public Republic of China and Russia. The modeling of habitat suitability for ungulates was carried out on the basis of remote sensing data (Earth remote sensing) by using two different approaches – expert geo-information assessment of the territory and discriminant analysis modeling. The modeling of the suitability of ungulate habitats without the variability of plant communities based on discriminant analysis and showed a small difference between the model results for wild boar and roe deer. Nevertheless, the connection with the morphometric characteristics of the relief is more important for the wild boar than for the roe deer, and for the roe deer there is a variability of vegetation types more important. The results of the analysis that included the type of biotopes, showed that the wild boar prefers the central and northern parts of the Taipingou National Park, while the roe deer is the western part of the park; red deer is more common in the southern part of the park.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.K. Petrunenko ◽  
R.A. Montgomery ◽  
I.V. Seryodkin ◽  
O.Y. Zaumyslova ◽  
D.G. Miquelle ◽  
...  

Теоретические и эмпирические исследования показывают, что распределение хищников в значительной степени определяется доступностью основных видов жертв. Доступность зависит не только от плотности населения животных, но также от их уязвимости, на которую влияет конфигурация атрибутов ландшафта, увеличивающих шанс удачной охоты для хищника. Остается плохо изученным то, как именно пространственные вариации в этих процессах формируют модель поведения хищников в масштабах индивидуального участка. В данном исследовании рассматривалось влияние плотности популяций и уязвимости жертв на использование индивидуального участка амурским тигром Panthera tigris altaica на Дальнем Востоке России в течение 20 снежных сезонов. Всего было построено 80 карт, изображающих предсказание относительной плотности населения видов жертв тигра, как по отдельности, так и для всех видов, объединенных в группу, для каждого снежного сезона года в течение 20 лет исследований. Модель, прогнозирующая относительную уязвимость основных видов жертв в зависимости от ландшафта, в основном включала высоту над уровнем моря, близость к поселкам/сельскохозяйственным районам, крутизну склона, средний уровень покрытия снегом, и близость к ближайшим водотокам. Изюбрь, пятнистый олень и кабан чаще всего добывались в местах с более низкой высотой над уровнем моря в удалении от поселков/сельскохозяйственных районов. Кабан оказался единственным видом, для которого уязвимость увеличивалась в местообитаниях с большей высотой снежного покрова. Обнаружено, что амурский тигр в пределах своего индивидуального участка использует места с наивысшей плотностью населения изюбря Cervus elaphus и кабана Sus scrofa. Важнейшую роль в формировании индивидуального участка тигра играет территория, где изюбрь наиболее уязвим для хищничества, а места с наибольшей плотностью населения изюбря используются на периферии участка обитания хищника. Выявлено две стратегии хищнического поведения тигра. Так как распределение ресурсов в пределах индивидуального участка обитания влияет на выживание и размножение хищника, исследование имеет большое значение не только для более детального понимания взаимоотношений в системе тигржертва , но и для сохранения тигра.Theoretical and empirical studies show that the distribution of predators is largely determined by the availability of the main species of prey. Accessibility depends not only on the population density of animals, but also on their vulnerability, which is affected by the configuration of landscape attributes that increase the chance of successful predator hunting. It remains poorly studied how exactly spatial variations in these processes form a predator behavior model on the scale of an individual site. This study examined the impact of population density and prey vulnerability on the home range use by the Amur tiger Panthera tigris altaica in the Russian Far East for 20 snow seasons. A total of 80 maps were constructed depicting the prediction of the relative population density of tiger prey species, both individually and for all species combined for each snow season for over 20 years of research. The model predicting the relative vulnerability of the main prey species depending on the landscape mainly included altitude, proximity to villages / agricultural areas, slope steepness, average snow cover, and proximity to nearby watercourses. Red deer, sika deer and wild boar were most often killed in places with a lower altitude, away from villages / agricultural areas. The wild boar turned out to be the only species for which vulnerability increased in habitats with greater snow cover. We found that the Amur tiger, within its individual home range, used places with the highest population density of the Manchurian deer Cervus elaphus and wild boar Sus scrofa. The most important role in the formation of tiger individual home range had area where red deer was most vulnerable to predation, and places with the highest density of red deer used at the periphery of individual home ranges. Revealed two strategies of tiger predation. Since the distribution of resources within an individual home range affect the survival and reproduction of the predator, the study is of great importance not only for a more detailed understanding of the relationship in the tigerprey system, but also for the conservation of Amur tiger.


2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Robert W. Mysłajek ◽  
Sabina Nowak ◽  
Maciej Romański ◽  
Katarzyna Tołkacz

Abstract The diet of wolves Canis lupus L. was assessed in the Wigry National Park in North-Eastern Poland, which overlaps with the Natura 2000 site “Ostoja Wigierska”. The content of a total of 149 scat samples was collected in 2017 and analysed in order to determine dietary composition. Wolves primarily feed on wild ungulates, which make up 75.4% of food biomass. Despite the fact that wild boar Sus scrofa L. and red deer Cervus elaphus L. dominate in the ungulate community in the study area, the primary prey species was observed to be roe deer Capreolus capreolus L. with 39.6%, while red deer and wild boar only constituted 18.7% and 8.3% of the food biomass, respectively. Additionally, beaver Castor fiber L. was found to be an important prey (10.9%) as well and livestock accounted for 15.1% of all biomass consumed. The livestock eaten by wolves also included carcasses of domestic animals illegally disposed of in the forest. We therefore conclude that decisions on the management of the wolf’s food base within protected areas, such as national parks or Natura 2000 sites, should be preceded by intensive local studies.


2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel H. H. HÖTTE ◽  
Igor A. KOLODIN ◽  
Sergei L. BEREZNUK ◽  
Jonathan C. SLAGHT ◽  
Linda L. KERLEY ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Lee ◽  
Naomi Guppy ◽  
John Bainbridge ◽  
Hanne Jahns

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e110811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gilbert ◽  
Dale G. Miquelle ◽  
John M. Goodrich ◽  
Richard Reeve ◽  
Sarah Cleaveland ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Kursa ◽  
Ivan Herzig ◽  
Jan Trávníček ◽  
Josef Illek ◽  
Vlasta Kroupová ◽  
...  

The objective of this study was to examine iodine and selenium contents in skeletal muscles of selected species of game animals living in regions with low iodine and selenium contents in the soil and water. Iodine content was determined in 66 samples of skeletal muscles of red deer cut out of the musculus gracilis, 32 samples and 27 samples from the same muscle of roe deer and wild boar, respectively. The shot game animals came from hunting grounds in western and southern regions of the Czech Republic and in Protected Landscape Area Šumava. In red deer muscles the average iodine content was 44.9 ± 15.2 μg I·kg-1 wet weight with the range of 6.9 to 82.0 μg I·kg-1. The lower concentration in roe deer meat with the average 39.3 ± 14.1 μg I·kg-1 and the range from 18.3 to 84.4 μg I·kg-1 may be due to differences between biotopes and food. The average iodine concentration in the musculus gracilis of wild boars was 55.9± 27.0 μg·kg-1 wet weight. Selenium content was determined in 22 samples of red deer, 51 samples of roe deer and 27 samples of wild boar skeletal muscles. The average values of selenium content in the meat of red deer, roe deer and wild boars were 16.2 ± 8.4, 36.9 ± 16.6 and 27.6 ± 19.8 μg Se·kg-1 wet weight, respectively. All three species of game animals are characterised by low content and high variability of selenium concentration in meat with the minimum value 3.9 µg and maximum value 83.3 μg·kg-1 wet weight. The study brings new data on iodine and selenium content in the muscle of game animals in the Czech Republic.


2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 834-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Rozhnov ◽  
J. A. Hernandez-Blanco ◽  
V. S. Lukarevskiy ◽  
S. V. Naidenko ◽  
P. A. Sorokin ◽  
...  

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