scholarly journals The relationship between creativity and mood disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Optimal Sample ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
The Relationship

Research designed to examine the relationship between creativity and mental illnesses must confront multiple challenges. What is the optimal sample to study? How should creativity be defined? What is the most appropriate comparison group? Only a limited number of studies have examined highly creative individuals using personal interviews and a noncreative comparison group. The majority of these have examined writers. The preponderance of the evidence suggests that in these creative individuals the rate of mood disorder is high, and that both bipolar disorder and unipolar depression are quite common. Clinicians who treat creative individuals with mood disorders must also confront a variety of challenges, including the fear that treatment may diminish creativity. In the case of bipolar disorder, however, it is likely that reducing severe manic episodes may actually enhance creativity in many individuals.

scholarly journals Impact of stressful life events, familial loading and their interaction on the onset of mood disorders

2004 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon H. J. Hillegers ◽  
Hubert Burger ◽  
Marjolein Wals ◽  
Catrien G. Reichart ◽  
Frank C. Verhulst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Adolescent Offspring ◽  
Time Dependent Covariates ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Risk Cohort

BackgroundStressful life events are established as risk factors for the onset of mood disorders, but few studies have investigated their impact on the development of mood disorders in adolescents.AimsTo study the effect of life events on the development of mood disorders in the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, with respect to the possibility of a decay effect and modification by familial loading.MethodIn a high-risk cohort of 140 Dutch adolescent offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, we assessed life events, current and past DSM–IV diagnoses and familial loading. To explore their interaction and impact on mood disorder onset, we constructed four different models and used a multivariate survival analysis with time-dependent covariates.ResultsThe relationship between life events and mood disorder was described optimally with a model in which the effects of life events gradually decayed by 25% per year. The effect of life event load was not significantly stronger in the case of high familial loading.ConclusionsIndependent of familial loading, life events increase the liability to mood disorders in children of patients with bipolar disorder but the effects slowly diminish with time.

Mood Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan A Baloch ◽  
Jair C. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
History Of

Affective disorders are among the most common disorders in psychiatry. They are generally classified according to the persistence and extent of symptoms and by the polarity of these symptoms. The two poles of the affective spectrum are mania and depression. Bipolar disorder is characterized by the presence of the mania or hypomania and often depression. Unipolar depression is defined by depression in the absence of a lifetime history of mania or hypomania. These differences are not merely categorical but have important implications for the prognosis and treatment of these conditions. Bipolar disorder, for example, is better treated using mood-stabilizing medication, whereas unipolar depression responds optimally to antidepressant medications. In addition, prognostically, unipolar depression may sometimes be limited to one episode in a lifetime, whereas bipolar disorder is typically a lifelong condition. The course of both conditions, however, is often chronic, and frequently patients can present with unipolar depression only to later develop manic symptoms. A thorough understanding of both conditions is therefore required to treat patients presenting with affective symptomatology. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, etiology and genetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of unipolar depression and bipolar disorder. Figures illustrate gray matter differences with lithium use and the bipolar spectrum. Tables list the pharmacokinetics of commonly used antidepressants and medications commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. This review contains 2 figures, 2 tables, and 136 references.

Brain mechanisms in manic depression

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Manic Depression ◽  
Manic Depressive Illness ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Activity Information

Abstract Manic depressive illness (bipolar disorder) is the mood disorder classically considered to have a strong biological basis. During manic depressive cycles, patients show dramatic fluctuations of mood, energy, activity, information processing, and behaviors. Theories of brain function and mood disorders must deal with the case of bipolar disorder, not simply unipolar depression. Shifts in the nosologic concepts of how manic depression is related to other mood disorders are discussed in this overview, and the renewed adoption of the Kraepelinian "spectrum" concept is recommended. The variable clinical presentations of manic depressive illness are emphasized. New genetic mechanisms that must be considered as candidate factors in relation to this phenotypic heterogeneity are discussed. Finally, the correlation of clinical symptom clusters with brain systems is considered in the context of a three-component model of manic depression.

scholarly journals Unipolar and bipolar depression: different or the same?

2011 ◽  
Vol 199 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Smith ◽  
Nick Craddock
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThe diagnostic boundary between recurrent unipolar depression and bipolar disorder may not be clear-cut and, further, the symptoms of unipolar depression compared with bipolar depression (although similar) are subtly different. Here we review the potential implications for clinical practice and research of new thinking about the relationship between recurrent unipolar depression and bipolar disorder.

Mood Disorders

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan A Baloch ◽  
Jair C. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
History Of

Affective disorders are among the most common disorders in psychiatry. They are generally classified according to the persistence and extent of symptoms and by the polarity of these symptoms. The two poles of the affective spectrum are mania and depression. Bipolar disorder is characterized by the presence of the mania or hypomania and often depression. Unipolar depression is defined by depression in the absence of a lifetime history of mania or hypomania. These differences are not merely categorical but have important implications for the prognosis and treatment of these conditions. Bipolar disorder, for example, is better treated using mood-stabilizing medication, whereas unipolar depression responds optimally to antidepressant medications. In addition, prognostically, unipolar depression may sometimes be limited to one episode in a lifetime, whereas bipolar disorder is typically a lifelong condition. The course of both conditions, however, is often chronic, and frequently patients can present with unipolar depression only to later develop manic symptoms. A thorough understanding of both conditions is therefore required to treat patients presenting with affective symptomatology. This chapter discusses the epidemiology, etiology and genetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of unipolar depression and bipolar disorder. Figures illustrate gray matter differences with lithium use and the bipolar spectrum. Tables list the pharmacokinetics of commonly used antidepressants and medications commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. This review contains 2 figures, 2 tables, and 135 references.

scholarly journals Comparison of Sexual Experience and Behavior between Bipolar Outpatients and Outpatients without Mood Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Downey ◽  
Richard C. Friedman ◽  
Elizabeth Haase ◽  
David Goldenberg ◽  
Robinette Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Affective Illness ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Behavior

Sexual behavior over the past year of 32 outpatients with Bipolar disorder is compared to that of 44 Comparison patients that had never had an episode of affective illness. Subjects were outpatients treated with drugs and psychotherapy in routine office practice. Differences in sexual behavior between the two groups as a whole were minimal, but meaningful differences emerged when subgroups were compared. Compared to control men, Bipolar men had had more partners in the last year and were more likely to have had sex without condoms. Compared to Bipolar females, Bipolar males had more sex partners, had more sex with strangers, and were more likely to have engaged in homosexual behavior. Even so, some patients in the Comparison group also had engaged in risky sexual behavior. They had failed to use condoms and had had sex with strangers and prostitutes during the previous year.

Temperament as a basic element of bipolar spectrum and subthreshold manifestations

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
D. Harnic ◽  
A. Koukopoulos ◽  
M. Mazza ◽  
P. Bria
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

ObjectivesTemperament represents one of the basic elements of bipolar spectrum.MethodsA systematic search was undertaken in MEDLINE (from 1977 to 2007) to obtain articles published in English regarding the association of temperament and bipolar disorder. Keywords used were “temperament”, “bipolar disorder”, “assessment”, “bipolar spectrum”, “subthreshold”.ResultsIn opposition to the dichotomic conception which up to the end of XIX century considered mania and depression as two distinct and separate categories, Kraepelin has postulated a psychopathological “continuum” between temperament and affective disorders called “bipolar spectrum”. This concept has been reintroduced in contemporary psychiatry by Akiskal's works. By rebuilding the history of patients affected by bipolar disorder, temperamental traits can be already observed in the pre-morbid period and can also persist during disorder-free intervals.ConclusionsBy interpreting and diagnosing multiple expressions of bipolar spectrum, psychiatrists today are facing one of the most important challenges in everyday clinical practice. The temperamental “dysregulation” is the pathological basis of mood disorders and some temperamental traits in individuals can reflect a predisposition to develop a mood disorder.

scholarly journals Childhood maltreatment and adult medical morbidity in mood disorders: comparison of unipolar depression with bipolar disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 213 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Hosang ◽  
Helen L. Fisher ◽  
Karen Hodgson ◽  
Barbara Maughan ◽  
Anne E. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Medical Burden ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medical Morbidity

BackgroundThe medical burden in mood disorders is high; various factors are thought to drive this pattern. Little research has examined the role of childhood maltreatment and its effects on medical morbidity in adulthood among people with unipolar depression and bipolar disorder.AimsThis is the first study to explore the association between childhood maltreatment and medical morbidity in bipolar disorder and in unipolar depression, and examine whether the impact of abuse and neglect are distinct or combined.MethodThe participants consisted of 354 psychiatrically healthy controls, 248 participants with recurrent unipolar depression and 72 with bipolar disorder. Participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and received a validated medical history interview.ResultsAny type of childhood maltreatment, child abuse and child neglect were significantly associated with the medical burden in bipolar disorder, but not unipolar depression or for controls. These associations worked in a dose–response fashion where participants with bipolar disorder with a history of two or more types of childhood maltreatment had the highest odds of having a medical illness relative to those without such history or those who reported one form. No such significant dose–response patterns were detected for participants with unipolar depression or controls.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that childhood maltreatment may play a stronger role in the development of medical illnesses in individuals with bipolar disorder relative to those with unipolar depression. Individuals who had been maltreated with a mood disorder, especially bipolar disorder may benefit most from prevention and intervention efforts surrounding physical health.Declaration of interestNone.

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