The influence of heating temperature on the physical and chemical properties of soils with different parent materials and anthropogenic uses

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Sacchi ◽  
Paola Campitelli ◽  
Patricia Soria ◽  
Silvia Ceppi
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Although natural and controlled fires are common in natural environments of the Province of Córdoba (Argentina), the effects on the physical and chemical soil properties are not well known. Warming effects were studied in two representative soil parent materials located in the piedmont of the Sierra Chica, Córdoba, Argentina. The aim of this study was to quantify the changes caused by different heating temperatures (100 °C and 500 °C), under laboratory conditions, on physical and chemical properties of two soils with different granulometric compositions and anthropic uses. The soils were classified as Udic Haplustoll, fine loamy (alluvial soils) and Udic Argiustoll, fine silty (loessoides soils). The depth analyzed corresponded to the upper 5 cm of the surface horizon. The physical property was granulometric composition (clay, silt and sand content) and the chemical properties: pH, oxidizable carbon (Cox), total nitrogen (Nt), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable cations (Ca<sup>+2</sup>, Mg<sup>+2</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>), extractable phosphorus (Pe) and electrical conductivity (EC). These analyses included both unheated samples (control) and those heated at different temperatures. Cox, pH, EC and CEC showed similar behavior at the different heating temperatures, despite the parent materials and the soil use conditions. Cox, pH, Nt and CEC could statistically explain the differences in edaphic properties at the temperatures analyzed. At 300 °C statistically significant differences were recorded for the analyzed soil parameters, and at 500 °C changes difficult to reverse due to the inorganic colloidal fraction collapse and the decrease (90%) of the organic fraction were found.

Sugarcane Biochar for Agricultural Use Produced in Different Conditions of Pyrolysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Juliany Barbosa de Pinho ◽  
Aloisio Bianchini ◽  
Pedro Silvério Xavier Pereira ◽  
Letycia Cunha Nunes ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandes Daros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxidizing Atmosphere ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

From the pyrolysis process, biochar is a carbon rich and recalcitrant organic material with potential for long term carbon sequestration because of its aromatic structure. However, the physical and chemical properties of the biochar vary due to the diversity of raw material and the conditions of production. The present study aimed to evaluate the biochar from the sugarcane bagasse at different temperatures and under two conditions of pyrolysis. The biochar was produced at two final temperatures 200°C (1 hour); 250°C (1h) and 250°C (2h), with pyrolysis of an oxidizing and non-oxidizing atmosphere for both. PH, cation exchange capacity (CTC), carbon content (C), Nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), H:C, C:N and ash ratios were evaluated. The contents of C, H, N and the atomic ratios H:C and C:N were higher in Biochar produced in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (BNO). However, the content of ash, pH and CTC were higher in Biochar produced in oxidizing atmospheres (BO). One can conclude the direct influence of the pyrolysis condition.

scholarly journals Characterization and classification of soils of Northern hills Zone of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
P.N. Tripathi ◽  
U.S. Mishra ◽  
Pawan Sirothia ◽  
R.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Three representative soil pedonsof northern hills of Chhattisgarh, M.P were morphologically studied, characterized and classified. The soils are very deep, colour ranges from brown (10YR5/3) to dark brown (10YR3/3) and very dark greyish brown (10YR3/2) in different horizons. Fe and calcretes are observed in sub surface horizons. The texture in surface soils varied from clay loam to clay while in pedon 2, the texture was observed sandy clay loam throughout the profile. The soils are calcareous and pH ranged from 7.0 to 7.5. The organic carbon content in these soils were (4.4 g kg-1), low to medium (6.1 g kg-1) in surface and decreased with depth. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) were found high in horizons where clay content was more. Based on morphological, physical and chemical properties P1 and P3 were classified as VerticHaplustalfs and pedon (P2) was placed under Typic Haplustepts.

Study of Strata Sloughing Mechanism and Anti-Sloughing Measures with Mechanics Properties and Material Properties in Yitong Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Yu Xue Sun ◽  
Ze Hua Wang ◽  
Hai Min Shi ◽  
Jiu Zhou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Wellbore Instability ◽  
Shale Recovery ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract. As there are serious wellbore instability problems in Yitong area, studying sloughing mechanism and anti-sloughing measures of the strata is of great importance, which differs significantly from the previous researches. Based on the international state-of-the-art, in this work several points are focused on which include the appearance characteristics of the cores, rock mineral composition and the shale physical and chemical properties. Sloughing mechanism is classified and anti-sloughing measures of the strata in Yitong area are proposed. When testing shale physical and chemical properties, several parameters are mainly tested and analyzed, including cation exchange capacity, specific water absorption, shale recovery rate and shale inflation rate. Five core samples are selected and collated data is reflected in tables in the experiment. It is worth mentioning that a new method of specific water absorption is adopted in the study to explain wellbore instability problems, which are caused by hydration. Limitations and shortcomings have been overcome by specific water absorption instead of total water absorption when evaluating water sensibility. The test shows satisfying and excellent results. After applying the anti-sloughing measures to the strata in Yitong area, sloughing accidents have been alleviated.

scholarly journals Identification and Assessment of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties for Vanili Plants in North Tinangkung District, Banggai Islands Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Saipul Saikim ◽  
Hertasning Yatim ◽  
Hidayat AM. Katili
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Soil Fertility Status ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Soil physical and chemical properties are the main factors that significantlyinfluence vanilla production. This study aimed to identify the soil’s physicaland chemical properties, determine the soil fertility status, and evaluate the soilsuitability for vanilla plants cultivated at three villages in Tinangkung UtaraDistrict. This research has been carried out at the long-term monoculture of thevanilla plantation. The soil fertility properties have determined based onphysical properties such as texture (pipete method) and chemical propertiessuch as pH, organic C content (Walkey and Black), P2O5 (olsen) and K2O(HCL25%), base saturation/KB dan cation exchange capacity/CEC ) NH4OAcpH7). The data then matched to PPT soil fertility and BBSDLP land evaluationcriteria for the vanilla plant. The result showed that the soil in the study sitehas clayey texture, neutral soil reaction, moderate KB and P2O5, and moderateto high CEC. On the other hand, the soil exhibited lower content of organic Cand K2O. Despite soil fertility status determined as low, the evaluation analysisresulted marginally suitable, which could be optimised to highly suitable.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ENTISOLS-FLUVENTS AND EROSION IN THE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-431
Author(s):  
RENISSON NEPONUCENO ARAÚJO FILHO ◽  
FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES HOLANDA ◽  
MOACYR CUNHA FILHO ◽  
VICTOR CASIMIRO PISCOYA ◽  
JOSE DE OLIVEIRA MELO NETO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Physical Density ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT The intense anthropization in the lower São Francisco River and surrounding areas can lead to environmental degradation risks and, above all, makes the area more susceptible to soil erosion. This study aimed to identify and correlate the physical and chemical properties able to enhance erosive processes and slope instability in the watercourse margins of the lower São Francisco River, in Sergipe State, Brazil. To this end, disturbed and undisturbed samples of an Entisol-Fluvent soil were collected in the region, specifically in the city of Amparo de São Francisco. Physical (density, porosity, and texture) and chemical (pH, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, micro-, and macronutrients) analyses were performed. All physical properties and organic carbon contents were higher in the surface layers (Ap and AC) compared to the others. Organic carbon, phosphorus, and micronutrients had a negative correlation with soil density, showing higher contents and lower soil densities in the Ap and AC layers. The pedological characteristics of the evaluated soil layers are unable to provide soil resistance to water erosion.

scholarly journals Water Sources on Organoleptics and Characteristics of Sago Flour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulono Apriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The purpose of this study was to determine the best sago starch from various water sources for the manufacturing proce s. The variable observed wa sensory analysis which included organole tic observations which included observations of color and aroma. Analysis of physical and chemical properties includes examination of nutritional content and cal ulation of yield. The research design used as factorial Completely Ra domized Design (CRD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor is river water (S), rainwater (H) and combination of S and H (Y), the second factor is heating temperature with 3 levels, namely 130oC, 140oC, and 150oC, so that they are combined into 27 experimental units. The results showed that sago flour using rainwater combined with a heating temperature of 140 C in accordance with SNI standards (Indonesian national standards).

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MANURE, GREEN MANURE AND THE STOVER BIODESTRUCTOR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Сафонов ◽  
Е.Н. Кузин ◽  
А.Н. Арефьев ◽  
Е.Е. Кузина
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Compound Action ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Интенсификация земледелия в лесостепной зоне Среднего Поволжья требует решения проблемы сохранения почвенного покрова и его потенциального и эффективного плодородия с целью повышения урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур и качества растениеводческой продукции. В связи с этим разработка и внедрение в земледельческую практику агробиологических приемов предотвращения антропогенной деградации в агроландшафтах является актуальным направлением современной аграрной науки. Цель исследований заключалась в сравнительной оценке влияния навоза, сидератов и их сочетаний с биодеструктором стерни на физико-химические свойства лугово-черноземной почвы. Для достижения поставленной цели были проведены исследования в период с 2017 по 2019 гг. в первом агропочвенном районе Пензенской области. Исследованиями установлено, что действие и последействие навоза, сидератов и их комплексное действие и последействие с биодеструктором стерни оказало положительное влияние на физико-химические свойства лугово-черноземной почвы. Сидеральные пары по эффективности влияния на емкость катионного обмена, сумму обменных оснований, величину обменной и гидролитической кислотности не уступали унавоженным парам. Более существенное влияние на изменение физико-химических свойств почвы оказало комплексное действие и последействие навоза, редьки масличной и бобовых сидератов с биодеструктором стерни. Емкость катионного обмена на их фоне увеличилась на 1,40-1,51 мг-экв./100 г почвы, сумма обменных оснований на 1,6-1,7 мг-экв./100 г почвы, величина рНсолна 0,22-0,24 ед., величина гидролитической кислотности снизилась на 0,17-0,19 мг-экв./100 г почвы. Intensification of agriculture in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region requires solving the problem of preserving the soil and its potential and effective fertility in order to increase crop productivity and quality of crop production. In this regard, the development and implementation in agricultural practice of agrobiological techniques to prevent anthropogenic degradation in agricultural landscapes is an urgent direction of modern agricultural science. The purpose of the research was to compare the effect of the implementation of manure, green manure and their combinations with the stover biodestructor on the physical and chemical properties of meadow-chernozemic soil. To reach this purpose, research was conducted in the period from 2017 to 2019 in the first agro-soil district of the Penza region. Research has shown that the effect and after-effect of manure, green manure and their compound action and after-action with the stover biodestructor had a positive effect on the physical and chemical properties of meadow-chernozemic soil. Green manure fallows were not inferior to manured fallows in terms of their effect on the cation-exchange capacity, the sum of exchange bases, and the amount of exchange and hydrolytic acidity. A compound action and after-action of manure, the oil radish and green manure of legumes with the stover biodestructor had a more significant influence on the change in the physical and chemical properties of the soil. In their background, the cation-exchange capacity increased by 1.40-1.51 mg equivalent/100 g of soil, the sum of exchange bases by 1.6-1.7 mg equivalent/100 g of soil, the value of рНКСl 0.22-0.24 units, the value of hydrolytic acidity decreased by 0.17-0.19 mg equivalent/100 g of soil.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME GREEK KAOLINS OF DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS OF ORIGIN

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tsolis-Katagas ◽  
D. Papoulis
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Atterberg Limit ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Two widely different kaolin deposits were investigated in order to determine their physical and chemical properties and suggest their possible utilization. Kaolin deposits from Leucogia area, NE Greece, were formed in situ by weathering of gneissic rocks under a temperate climate; they consist largely of halloysite exhibiting different morphological forms, and stacks and plates of kaolinite in various proportions. The kaolin occurrences of Kos island are products of hydrothermally altered rhyolitic rocks of Pliocene age. The highly altered samples contain dickite and kaolinite. Testing included particle size distribution, brightness and whiteness, measurement of CEC (cation exchange capacity) and some ceramic properties including Atterberg limits. The CEC values range between 3.8-8 meq/100 g and 0.8-2.2 meq/100 g for kaolin samples from Leucogia and Kos island respectively and reflect the differences in clay mineralogy and the characteristic kaolin mineral present. Platy halloysite enhances CEC in Leucogia kaolins while kaolinite-rich samples in Kos exhibit higher CEC values than dickite-rich samples. Atterberg limit tests reveal the Leucogia and Kos kaolins to be of low to medium plasticity and to be classified in the category of kaolinitic clays suitable for brick making. The Leucogia kaolin shows relatively higher brightness (47-60%) and whiteness (62-77%) than Kos kaolin (41-48% and 61-66% respectively). These properties are influenced by the type of kaolin mineral present, their relative proportions and the FeaCb content of the samples. The obtained values for brightness and whiteness from both areas are lower compared to the standard commercial kaolins for the paper and filler market. Brightness, however, can be improved by fine grinding and refinement. The physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of Leucogia and Kos kaolins indicate that they are of low grade type. However, kaolin processing from the crude state can optimize some of these highly commercial properties

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

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