scholarly journals Effects of a Nutritional Formulation Containing Caprylic and Capric Acid, Phosphatidylserine, and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Streptozotocin-Lesioned Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-363
Author(s):  
Eric L.R. Moura ◽  
Hellin dos Santos ◽  
Ana Paula M. Celes ◽  
Taysa B. Bassani ◽  
Leonardo C. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Medical Nutrition

Background: It has been studied that nutrition can influence Alzheimer’s disease (AD) onset and progression. Some studies on rodents using intraventricular streptozotocin (STZ) injection showed that this toxin changes cerebral glucose metabolism and insulin signaling pathways. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether a nutritional formulation could reduce cognitive impairment in STZ-induced animals. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into two groups: sham and STZ. The STZ group received a single bilateral STZ-ICV injection (1 mg/kg). The sham group received a bilateral ICV injection of 0.9% saline solution. The animals were treated with AZ1 formulation (Instanth® NEO, Prodiet Medical Nutrition) (1 g/kg, PO) or its vehicle (saline solution) for 30 days, once a day starting one day after the stereotaxic surgery (n = 6–10). The rats were evaluated using the open field test to evaluate locomotor activity at day 27 after surgery. Cognitive performance was evaluated at day 28 using the object recognition test and the spatial version of the Y-maze test. At day 30, the rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg, i.p) and euthanized in order to evaluate IBA1 in the hippocampus. The differences were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s or Kruskal Wallis with Dunn’s post-hoc test. Results/Conclusion: STZ-lesioned rats present memory impairment besides the increased microglial activation. The treatment with AZ1 formulation reversed the memory impairment observed in the object recognition test and Y-maze and also reduced IBA1 in CA1 and DG.

Use It and Still Lose It?

GeroPsych ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Schwaninger ◽  
Diana Hardmeier ◽  
Judith Riegelnig ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Airport Security ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
X Ray

In recent years, research on cognitive aging increasingly has focused on the cognitive development across middle adulthood. However, little is still known about the long-term effects of intensive job-specific training of fluid intellectual abilities. In this study we examined the effects of age- and job-specific practice of cognitive abilities on detection performance in airport security x-ray screening. In Experiment 1 (N = 308; 24–65 years), we examined performance in the X-ray Object Recognition Test (ORT), a speeded visual object recognition task in which participants have to find dangerous items in x-ray images of passenger bags; and in Experiment 2 (N = 155; 20–61 years) in an on-the-job object recognition test frequently used in baggage screening. Results from both experiments show high performance in older adults and significant negative age correlations that cannot be overcome by more years of job-specific experience. We discuss the implications of our findings for theories of lifespan cognitive development and training concepts.

scholarly journals NAAG peptidase inhibitors and deletion of NAAG peptidase gene enhance memory in novel object recognition test

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina J. Janczura ◽  
Rafal T. Olszewski ◽  
Tomasz Bzdega ◽  
Dean J. Bacich ◽  
Warren D. Heston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Novel Object Recognition ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Peptidase Inhibitors ◽  
Novel Object Recognition Test ◽  
Naag Peptidase

scholarly journals Lighter compared to deeper isoflurane anaesthesia can affect recognition memory in male C57BL/6 mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge M Ferreira ◽  
Ana M Valentim
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Isoflurane Anaesthesia ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Different Depths

AbstractConcerns have been raised about how deeply patients are anaesthetized, and the effects that different depths of anaesthesia may have after recovery. In order to study the anaesthetic drugs per se, and to eliminate the effect of clinical variables, several animal studies have been published. Isoflurane induced transient deficits on spatial memory at low concentrations, affecting the hippocampus. However, the influence of different concentrations of isoflurane on non-spatial memory still needs clarification. Thus, our aim was to study the effects of different depths of anaesthesia (1% and 2% isoflurane) on a non-spatial memory task, the object recognition test, in C57BL/6 adult mice.Twenty-eight 2-month-old C57BL/6 male mice were habituated to the test arena of the object recognition test for 10 min each day over 2 days before anaesthesia. Mice were then randomly allocated in different treatment groups: 1% or 2%, anaesthetized with 1% or 2% of isoflurane, respectively, for 1 h or the control group, which was not anaesthetised. Twenty-four hours after anaesthesia, the animals were placed in an arena with two identical objects and allowed to explore for 10 min-Sample Trial. One hour later, mice were allowed to explore the arena for 10 min in the presence of one of the objects presented in the previous trial (familiar object) and a novel object - Choice Trial. The time spent exploring each object was evaluated by a blinded analysis. The recognition of one object as familiar was detected based on a higher level of exploration of the novel object.Animals that were anaesthetized previously with 2% isoflurane performed at control levels, indicating the recognition of a familiar object in the object recognition task; this contrasted with the results of the group that was anaesthetized with 1% isoflurane.Lighter (1%) rather than deeper (2%) isoflurane anaesthesia may affect non-spatial memory in C57BL/6 male mice. Our results raise awareness of the need for careful consideration of the depth of anaesthesia used, especially the use of light isoflurane anaesthesia, which is often chosen to provide animal immobilization during non-invasive procedures.

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