Dynamic fixation using rigid tape in rehabilitation after surgery of terrible triad injury of the elbow: A randomized trial

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify the efficacy of dynamic fixation using rigid tape (RT) in rehabilitation after surgery of terrible triad injury of the elbow (TTIE). METHODS: Sixty patients who underwent surgery of TTIE were equally randomly divided into RT group and hinged external fixation brace (HEFB) group. Dynamic fixations were applied for 8 weeks. General rehabilitation programs were performed for 3 months, 5 times a week. Follow-up (FU) was at six months. Main outcomes included pain (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), Elbow Function (Mayo Elbow Performance Index, MEPI), Quality of Life (QOL) (Short Form 36 Questionnaire, SF-36). RESULTS: There were significant time x group interactions for pain, ROM, MEPI, SF-36 (all p= 0.000), which demonstrated positive efficacy of both the two interventions. Difference at each time-point (except for baseline) of pain and ROM between the two groups was statistically significant (all p< 0.05). Some differences between the two groups were not statistically significant which at 14d on MEPI (p= 0.108) and at 21d (p= 0.259) and FU (p= 0.402) on QOL. Moreover, the increased muscle strength at each time-point had no statistically significant difference between the two groups (all p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both RT and HEFB could significantly improve the postoperative functional outcomes of the TTIE. However, early rehabilitation intervention could increase pain, which affected the corresponding function (MEPI) and QOL. Note that this kind of impact was short-term and reversible. The muscle strength and ROM were not affected by the increased severe pain, maintaining a trend of improvement. In addition, the subjects in the RT group improved faster and more efficiently and had better results with pain, ROM, MEPI, and QOL compared to the subjects in the HEFB group.

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Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546507303558 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 1659-1667 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Wolf Petersen ◽

Robert Welp ◽

Dieter Rosenbaum

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Short Form ◽

Achilles Tendinopathy ◽

Eccentric Training ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Alternative Treatment Option ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy

Background Previous studies have shown that eccentric training has a positive effect on chronic Achilles tendinopathy. A new strategy for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinopathy is the AirHeel brace. Hypothesis AirHeel brace treatment improves the clinical outcome of patients with chronic Achilles tendinopathy. The combination of the AirHeel brace and an eccentric training program has a synergistic effect. Study Design Randomized controlled clinical trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods One hundred patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: (1) eccentric training, (2) AirHeel brace, and (3) combination of eccentric training and AirHeel brace. Patients were evaluated at 6, 12, and 54 weeks after the beginning of the treatment protocol with ultrasonography, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle score, and Short Form-36 (SF-36). Results The VAS score for pain, AOFAS score, and SF-36 improved significantly in all 3 groups at all 3 follow-up examinations. At the 3 time points (6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 54 weeks) of follow-up, there was no significant difference between all 3 treatment groups. In all 3 groups, there was no significant difference in tendon thickness after treatment. Conclusions The AirHeel brace is as effective as eccentric training in the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinopathy. There is no synergistic effect when both treatment strategies are combined. Clinical Relevance The AirHeel brace is an alternative treatment option for chronic Achilles tendinopathy.

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Effect of Psychotropic Medications on Hammertoe Reconstruction Outcomes

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011420944133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 247301142094413

Author(s):

Samuel D. Maidman ◽

Amalie E. Nash ◽

Amanda Fantry ◽

Shay Tenenbaum ◽

Yahya Daoud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Medication Use ◽

Psychotropic Medications ◽

Activity Level ◽

Mood Stabilizers ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Before And After

Background: Hammertoe deformities can seriously affect activity level and footwear. The use of prescription, mood-altering medications is very common, with some estimates as high as 25% of the population. Mood disorders, especially depression, negatively affect the results of medical and operative treatments. This study assessed the relationship of mood-altering medication use with the outcomes and complications of operative reconstruction of hammertoes. Methods: Data were prospectively collected from 116 patients who underwent hammertoe reconstruction, including demographic information, medical history, the use of mood-altering psychotropic medications (antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics, and mood stabilizers), and postoperative complications. Preoperative patient-reported outcomes were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), which were repeated at 1-year follow-up. Results: A total of 36.2% of patients were taking psychotropic medications. Medication and nonmedication groups had similar pain VAS and SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) scores before and after surgery. Compared with nonmedication patients, patients on psychotropic medications had significantly lower SF-36 Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores preoperatively ( P = .001) and postoperatively ( P = .006), but no significant difference in the change in MCS (ΔMCS) from preoperative to postoperative. Psychotropic medication use was associated with superficial wound infections ( P = .048), but not other complications. Conclusions: Patients taking psychotropic medications were equally likely to benefit from forefoot reconstruction as nonmedication patients. Preoperative and postoperative PCS and VAS were not significantly different between medication and nonmedication groups. Although the medication group had lower absolute MCS, they reported the same magnitude of improvement in MCS (ΔMCS) as the nonmedication group. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.

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Outcomes of Operative Management of Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy in the Young vs Elderly

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011420926101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 247301142092610

Author(s):

Huai Ming Phen ◽

Wesley J. Manz ◽

Danielle Mignemi ◽

Joel T. Greenshields ◽

Jason T. Bariteau

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Wound Infection ◽

Surgical Management ◽

Short Form ◽

Achilles Tendinopathy ◽

Heel Pain ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy

Background: Insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT) is a common cause of chronic posterior heel pain. Surgical intervention reproducibly improves patients’ pain and functional status. We hypothesized that patients older than 60 years would have similar improvements in pain and function and low rates of complications after surgery for IAT when compared to a younger cohort. Methods: Retrospective review of adult case series in patients undergoing surgical management of IAT. Patients were stratified into those 60 years and younger and those older than 60 years. Patients with prior or concomitant surgical procedures and revisions were excluded. Visual analog scale (VAS), Short Form–36 Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary (SF-36 PCS/MCS) scores, wound infection, and recurrence, defined as a redevelopment of heel pain in the operative extremity within 6 months, were assessed with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Statistical analysis was performed using linear regression mixed models and χ2 analysis. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled, with 38 operative heels. The younger cohort had an average age of 49.1 (range, 26-60) years. The older group had an average age of 66.8 (range, 61-76) years. Results: VAS and SF-36 PCS scores for the entire cohort significantly improved at 6 and 12 months postoperatively ( P < .001). Postoperative SF-36 MCS scores for the cohort significantly improved only at 12 months ( P < .001). No significant differences between the young and elderly were seen with regard to improvements in VAS and SF-36 PCS/MCS at 6 or 12 months postoperatively. Multiple linear regression models showed no significant difference between age groups and VAS score, SF-36 PCS/MCS, or change in pain scores after controlling for comorbidities. No significant difference in overall complication rates was seen between the 2 groups (4.9% vs 29.4%, P = .104). There was 1 recurrence of heel pain in the younger group and 4 recurrences of pain in the older group (23.5%) at 6 months, of which 2 resolved at 1 year. There was 1 case of a superficial wound infection requiring antibiotics in the older cohort (5.9%). No patients required surgical revision. Conclusion: Surgical management of IAT in an older population produced similar improvements in clinical results when compared to a younger cohort, with no significant increase in postoperative complications. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.

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The Effect of a 12-Week Intradialytic Exercise on Patients’ Blood Indices, Physical Performance, and Quality of Life

Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics ◽

10.1166/jmihi.2020.3066 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1429-1435

Author(s):

Ji-Yeon Lee ◽

Seung-Hui Baek ◽

Yoon-Mi Lee ◽

Ji-Hyung Cho ◽

Jun-Chul Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Short Form ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Physical Component Score ◽

Blood Indices ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Intradialytic Exercise

This study aims to examine the effect of a 12-week intradialytic exercise program on patients’ blood indices, physical performance, and quality of life. Forty-six outpatients who were diagnosed with end-stage renal failure by a nephrologist and received hemodialysis therapy for six months or longer were recruited. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to analyze the continuous variables. Among blood indices, Hematocrit decreased significantly after aerobic and complex exercise; hemoglobin dropped only after complex exercise; P and Ca×P increased for a considerable amount only after complex exercise, but the postexamination results show no significant difference. As for physical performance, sit-to-stand (STS)-5 decreased with resistance and complex exercise (p < .01), while there was a significant increase in STS-30 after aerobic, resistance, and complex exercise (p < .01). 6-minute walk test (MWT) grew significantly in all groups (p < .01), but alongside gait speed, and grip strength, it diminished significantly in the non-exercise group (p< .05). When it comes to SF-36, there was a significant rise in the physical component score (PCS) (p< .01) with resistance and complex exercise. In the meantime, mental component summary (MCS) went up significantly after all types of exercises (p < .01). In contrast, Beck depression inventory (BDI) showed a significant decline only with complex exercise (p < .01). To sum up, this study suggests intradialytic complex exercise appears to be effective in enhancing Short Form (SF)-36 and BDI as well as physical performance, which is why we recommend this type of complex exercise program for hemodialysis patients.

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The role of folded fibular flap in patients’ reconstruction of mandibular defects: a retrospective clinical study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-03331-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ning Gao ◽

Kun Fu ◽

Jinghua Cai ◽

Hao Chen ◽

Wei He

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Short Form ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Preoperative Level ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Retrospective Clinical Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Fibular Flap

AbstractThis study has analyzed 41 patients with mandibular ameloblastoma who underwent a partial mandibulectomy and reconstruction by folding the free fibular flap. In the preoperative and postoperative (6 months and 24 months after surgery), the Quality of Life (QOL) of these patients was assessed by using the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL) and the medical outcome study short form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires. SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used to conduct statistical analysis on the base data of the two groups of patients. Independent sample t test was conducted for sf-36 and UW-QOL scores at two time points in each group. The SF-36 survey showed that body pain (54.54 ± 8.10), general health (55.27 ± 7.54), and health changes (58.29 ± 9.60) decreased significantly at 6 months after surgery, but the mean score at 24 months after surgery all exceeded the preoperational level. At 24 months after the surgery, the vitality (80.41 ± 3.74), social function (81.61 ± 4.07), emotional role (82.39 ± 4.07), psychological health (81.66 ± 4.37) and total score (704.00 ± 31.53) all returned to the preoperative level, which was statistically significant compared with 6 months after surgery. However, there was no significant difference compared with the preoperative level. The UW-QOL survey showed that chewing (56.68 ± 7.23), speech (54.54 ± 7.7) and taste (62.29 ± 10.15) have significantly changed at 6 months after the surgery, and the difference was statistically significant at 24 months after surgery. Saliva generation decreased slightly (80.76 ± 3.35) at 6 months after surgery, but quickly returned to the preoperative level (81.59 ± 4.06). The total score of the patients almost recovered to the preoperative level at 24 months after surgery. The folded the fibular flap can not only repair the defects of soft tissue and bone tissue, but also restore the height of the alveolar ridge to, avoid the imbalance of crown and root ratio after implantation and reduce the occurrence of peri-implant inflammation, so that a true functional reconstruction can be realized.

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Comparative Outcomes and Complications of Open versus Endoscopic Gastrocnemius Recession: A Prospective Randomized Control Trial

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011420s00416 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 2473011420S0041

Author(s):

Chamnanni Rungprai ◽

Yantarat Sripanich ◽

Warongporn Pongpinyopap

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽

Endoscopic Technique ◽

Wound Complications ◽

Endoscopic Techniques ◽

Operative Outcomes ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gastrocnemius Recession ◽

Open Versus

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Both open and endoscopic gastrocnemius recession are commonly used for treatment of gastrosoleus contracture, however; there was a paucity of evidence in literatures to compare post-operative outcomes between the two techniques. The purpose of this study is to compare outcomes and complications between open and endoscopic techniques. Methods: A prospective, randomized collected data of 53 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with gastrosoleus contracture and underwent either open (26 patients) or endoscopic (27 patients) gastrocnemius recession between 2016 and 2018. The primary outcome was ankle dorsiflexion and secondary outcomes were visual analogue scale (VAS), Short Form-36 (SF- 36), FAAM, plantarflexion weakness, operative times, and complications. Results: There were 53 patients with mean age of 49.1 years, mean BMI of 26.5 kg/m2, and mean follow-up of 11.5 months. Both techniques demonstrated significant improvement of ankle dorsiflexion (12.1 vs 11.3 degrees, p<0.001) and all functional outcomes (FAAM, SF-36, and VAS (p<0.001 all)); however, there was no significant difference between the two groups, (p>0.05 all). In addition, there were significant shorter operative times in endoscopic technique (7.3 vs 18.7 minutes, p<0.01). Complications included wound complications (3.8 vs 0%), painful scar (7.7 vs 0%), sural nerve injury (3.8 vs 0%), and plantarflexion weakness (3.8 vs 3.8%) for open and endoscopic techniques respectively. Conclusion: Both open and endoscopic techniques were demonstrated significant improvement of post-operative outcomes as measured with ankle dorsiflexion, FAAM, SF-36, and VAS. Although the post-operative outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups, the endoscopic technique demonstrated lesser complications and shorter operative times.

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Preliminary Experience With SPECT/CT to Evaluate Periarticular Arthritis Progression and the Relationship With Clinical Outcome Following Ankle Arthrodesis

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100719898279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 392-397

Author(s):

Christopher DeSutter ◽

Vincent Dube ◽

Andrew Ross ◽

Gordon Boyd ◽

Joel Morash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Short Form ◽

Ankle Arthrodesis ◽

Emission Computed Tomography ◽

Diagnostic Study ◽

Ankle Fusion ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Functional Scores

Background: Single photon emission computed tomography combined with computed tomography (SPECT/CT) could potentially aid in diagnosing periarticular arthritis/activity and progression, facilitate effective treatment options, and evaluate the effect surgery has on the clinical outcome of patients with ankle arthritis. The goal of our study was to assess SPECT/CT activity in the ankle and periarticular joints before and after ankle fusion surgery and determine whether it was associated with clinical pain and function scores. Methods: Thirty-four patients recruited into this study underwent either arthroscopic or open ankle fusion. X-ray (XR) and SPECT/CT imaging was obtained as well as completion of patient Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS) and 36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaires preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. Ankle, subtalar, and talonavicular joint arthritis grading on XR and CT, along with SPECT/CT activity, was evaluated by 2 nuclear medicine radiologists. Data were assessed for normality and analyzed with the appropriate comparative test. P value was set at <.05. Thirty patients (31 ankles) completed follow-up and were analyzed. Results: SPECT/CT activity showed no significant difference in the ankle joint at 6 months postoperatively while periarticular joint activity significantly increased ( P < .05). Six months postoperatively, patients had significant improvements in their AOS and SF-36 scores ( P < .05). SPECT/CT grading of all joints analyzed, however, was not associated with AOS or SF-36 scores preoperatively or at 6 months postoperatively. Conclusion: In this study, intensity of activity as evaluated by SPECT/CT in periarticular hindfoot joints in patients who had ankle arthrodesis was not associated with clinical/functional scores at 6 months postoperatively. Level of Evidence: Level IV, diagnostic study.

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Does Dog Ownership Affect Physical Activity, Sleep, and Self-Reported Health in Older Adults?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16183355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (18) ◽

pp. 3355 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eliška Mičková ◽

Kristýna Machová ◽

Klára Daďová ◽

Ivona Svobodová

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Short Form ◽

Well Being ◽

Dog Ownership ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dog Owners ◽

Sleep Length

Physical activity (PA) is crucial for maintaining good health of older adults and owning a dog and walking it can enforce it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dog ownership on PA in older adults as well as its positive impact on perceived degree of health, and sleep. There were 44 participants of mean age 68 ± 5.4 years (18 males, 26 females) enrolled in this study (dog owners—DO, n = 26; non-dog owners—NDO, n = 18). Xiaomi Mi Band 2 accelerometer, International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short form (IPAQ-Short Form) and SF-36 questionnaires were used to measure the level of PA, sleep, and subjective health. A statistically significant difference was observed in favor of dog owners in most of the monitored parameters. All accelerometer PA parameters (step count, activity time, distance, calories) showed a significant difference at a p < 0.01. Sleep parameters were significant in total sleep length (p = 0.05) and light sleep length (p < 0.05). DO reported higher total PA time (min/week), MET/min/week spent in walking, and spent calories/week (p < 0.05). In SF-36 they reported higher score (p < 0.05) in general health, physical functioning, social functioning, pain, vitality, and emotional well-being. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in the DO group (p < 0.01). The results suggest that dog ownership may affect the overall PA and health of older adults.

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Mid-Term (4-10 year) Outcomes of INBONE I Total Ankle Arthroplasty with Deformity Analysis

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011417s000190 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 2473011417S0001

Author(s):

Andrew Harston ◽

James Nunley ◽

Mark Easley ◽

James DeOrio ◽

Samuel Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Total Ankle Arthroplasty ◽

Coronal Plane ◽

Consecutive Series ◽

Ankle Arthroplasty ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Plane Deformity

Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Concerns for limited coronal plane stability prompted the manufacturer and designers of the INBONE total ankle arthroplasty system to replace the original saddle-shaped talar component (INBONE I) with a sulcus-shaped talar component (INBONE II). Prior to the availability of the INBONE II talar component, numerous INBONE I total ankle replacements were performed. To our knowledge mid-term outcomes of INBONE I total ankle arthroplasty have not been reported. This study compares the mid-term outcomes of patients with and without preoperative coronal plane deformity who underwent total ankle replacement with the INBONE I prosthesis. In our opinion, the longer-term outcomes of the INBONE I prosthesis are important for patient and surgeon education. Methods: A consecutive series of patients, from May, 2007 to September, 2011, at a single institution who underwent total ankle arthroplasty with the INBONE I Total Ankle Arthroplasty (Wright Medical) were prospectively enrolled. Pain and patient- reported function were assessed preoperatively and at yearly follow-ups with use of a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle- hindfoot score, the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA), and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey. We analyzed the data for complications, reoperations, and failures (defined as undergoing revision for exchange or removal of the metallic components for any reason). Patients were grouped according to coronal plane tibiotalar alignment (preoperative coronal plane malalignment of >10 degrees and <10 degrees deformity) and outcomes compared. Results: One-hundred fifty-five INBONE I prostheses were implanted in 151 patients, with minimum 4 year clinical and radiographic follow-up. Follow-up ranged from 48-113 months with an average of 67 months. There was significant (p<0.05) improvement in the VAS, AOFAS, SMFA, and SF-36 scores at most recent follow-up. Forty-five patients (29%) had 49 additional surgeries for impingement, loosening/subsidence, malalignment, ligament instability, polyethylene exchange, and/or infection. There were 14 implant failures with overall survivorship of 90.3%. There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between patients with coronal plane deformity >10 degrees (47.7%) and <10 degrees (52.3%). Patients with >10 degrees had fewer reoperations (19 vs. 30) and fewer revisions (5 vs. 9) when compared to patients with <10 degrees deformity. Conclusion: Patients who underwent INBONE I total ankle arthroplasty demonstrated significant improvement in pain and patient-reported outcomes at a mean of 5.7 years post-operatively. The patients with preoperative coronal plane tibiotalar deformity had similar pain relief, function, and need for additional surgeries and revisions. Despite the presumed shortcomings of the INBONE I’s saddle-shaped talar design, this operation shows promising results, with or without deformity, at mid-term follow- up with survivorship of 90.3%.

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RELIABILITY OF THE FATIGUE SEVERITY SCALE IN CIRRHOTIC AND CORRELATION WITH DEPRESSION AND QUALITY OF LIFE: preliminary assessment

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032016000300015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 203-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Danusa ROSSI ◽

Lucas Homercher GALANT ◽

Claudio Augusto MARRONI

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Short Form ◽

Fatigue Severity Scale ◽

Severity Scale ◽

Brazilian Version ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Fatigue Severity

ABSTRACT Background Fatigue is a common complaint in patients with liver disease and may be considered a disabling symptom, affecting their quality of life and mental health. The Brazilian version of the Fatigue Severity Scale showed sensitivity to assess fatigue in some populations, but has not been tested in cirrhotic individuals. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale and association with depression and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods A prospective cohort study where the same interviewer applied to 25 patients Fatigue Severity Scale questionnaires, Brazilian version of the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI- II) and Brazilian version of the Short Form Health Survey II (SF-36 v.II). Evaluating the reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale through internal consistency and reproducibility was conducted. Results Statistical analysis showed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.917) and intraobserver reproducibility test, there was no significant difference between both moments (P=0.828). Fatigue Severity Scale was significantly associated with BDI- II (r=0.478; P=0.016) and quality of life in areas PF (r=-0.484; P=0.014), BP (r=-0.402; P=0.046) and GH (r=-0.406; P=0.044) and SF (r=-0.520; P=0.008). Conclusion The Fatigue Severity Scale showed satisfactory reliability in evaluation of fatigue in cirrhotic and can be used as a tool for this purpose. Fatigue is related to depression and quality of life in the physical aspects domains, pain, general health and social aspects.

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