Hierarchical Bayesian classification methods to identify topics by journal quartile with an application in biological sciences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Silvia Restrepo ◽  
Enrique ter Horst ◽  
Juan Diego Zambrano ◽  
Laura H. Gunn ◽  
German Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Inverse Regression ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Regression Approach ◽  
Local Results ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Lower Income Countries ◽  
Local Levels ◽  
Extract Information

This manuscript builds on a novel, automatic, freely-available Bayesian approach to extract information in abstracts and titles to classify research topics by quartile. This approach is demonstrated for all N= 149,129 ISI-indexed publications in biological sciences journals during 2017. A Bayesian multinomial inverse regression approach is used to extract rankings of topics without the need of a pre-defined dictionary. Bigrams are used for extraction of research topics across manuscripts, and rankings of research topics are constructed by quartile. Worldwide and local results (e.g., comparison between two peer/aspirational research institutions in Colombia) are provided, and differences are explored both at the global and local levels. Some topics persist across quartiles, while the relevance of others is quartile-specific. Challenges in sustainable development appear as more prevalent in top quartile journals across institutions, while the two Colombian institutions favour plant and microorganism research. This approach can reduce information inequities, by allowing young/incipient researchers in biological sciences, especially within lower income countries or universities with limited resources, to freely assess the state of the literature and the relative likelihood of publication in higher impact journals by research topic. This can also serve institutions of higher education to identify missing research topics and areas of competitive advantage.

scholarly journals Inquality and the Future of Global History: A Round Table Discussion

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-81
Author(s):  
Julia McClure ◽  
Amitava Chowdhury ◽  
Sarah Easterby-Smith ◽  
Norberto Ferreras ◽  
Omar Gueye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Global History ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The University ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South ◽  
Local Levels

The following is an edited transcript of a roundtable that took place at the University of Glasgow in September 2018. The roundtable was organized by Dr. Julia McClure in conjunction with the Poverty Research Network’s conference - Beyond Development: The Local Visions of Global Poverty. That conference brought into focus the ways in which the global and local levels meet at the site of poverty and highlighted the different conceptions on the global are generated from the perspective of poverty. The roundtable brought together leading scholars from Europe, Africa, Asia and North and South America to take stock of global history as a field, to consider the role of existing centres of knowledge production, and to assess new directions for the field.

E-Technologies in Higher Education Provision

2011 ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
Petros Ieromonachou ◽  
Nola Stair
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Assessment And Evaluation ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Local Levels

Technology is always advancing; furthermore, the economy and demographics, both at global and local levels dictate changes that businesses need to consider for future planning. Like all businesses, most academic institutions need to follow trends and offer new and up-to-date learning initiatives. This chapter discusses the assessment and evaluation of Web-based postgraduate and undergraduate programmes, at the Business School of a London-based university. The study reviews relevant literature, investigates student and staff views on the use of technology in learning, and reflects on the planning and management of two Supported Open Learning (SOL) programmes. It also offers suggestions for future programmes and courses designed for use with e-learning technologies.

scholarly journals Multi-Level-Phase Deep Learning Using Divide-and-Conquer for Scaffolding Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2391
Author(s):  
Sayan Sakhakarmi ◽  
Jee Woong Park
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Divide And Conquer ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Safety Cases ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Local Levels

A traditional structural analysis of scaffolding structures requires loading conditions that are only possible during design, but not in operation. Thus, this study proposes a method that can be used during operation to make an automated safety prediction for scaffolds. It implements a divide-and-conquer technique with deep learning. As a test scaffolding, a four-bay, three-story scaffold model was used. Analysis of the model led to 1411 unique safety cases for the model. To apply deep learning, a test simulation generated 1,540,000 datasets for pre-training, and an additional 141,100 datasets for testing purposes. The cases were then sub-divided into 18 categories based on failure modes at both global and local levels, along with a combination of member failures. Accordingly, the divide-and-conquer technique was applied to the 18 categories, each of which were pre-trained by a neural network. For the test datasets, the overall accuracy was 99%. The prediction model showed that 82.78% of the 1411 safety cases showed 100% accuracy for the test datasets, which contributed to the high accuracy. In addition, the higher values of precision, recall, and F1 score for the majority of the safety cases indicate good performance of the model, and a significant improvement compared with past research conducted on simpler cases. Specifically, the method demonstrated improved performance with respect to accuracy and the number of classifications. Thus, the results suggest that the methodology could be reliably applied for the safety assessment of scaffolding systems that are more complex than systems tested in past studies. Furthermore, the implemented methodology can easily be replicated for other classification problems.

Analyse structurale et architecture de l'inflorescence des Begoniaceae

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 897-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Goulet ◽  
Denis Barabé ◽  
Luc Brouillet
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Inflorescence Structure ◽  
Analyse Structurale ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Architectural Models ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Local Levels

The inflorescence structure of Begoniaceae was analyzed taking into account their degree of symmetry. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of 71 species led to the recognition of nine architectural models. When the whole plant is considered, the inflorescence of Begoniaceae is a thyrse. Comparative analyses of the models allowed to determine at what level symmetry or asymmetry is found. There is a correlation between the total lengths of axes and between flower numbers on the best and least developed sides of an inflorescence. For the whole family, the difference between the two sides of the inflorescence is significant for the former, and not for the latter. Divergence angles on the best developed side do not differ from those on the least developed one for a same ramification, and likewise between successive levels of ramification. Thus, the inflorescence appears asymmetrical if total length of axes is considered. These results tend to support the hypothesis that the Begoniaceae are fundamentally asymmetrical. Inflorescence symmetry is found in some groups by stabilization and compensation of different asymmetric components at the global and local levels. Nevertheless, inflorescence asymmetry does not seem to be related to plant architecture, although it seems to be related to the degree of foliar asymmetry. Key words: Begoniaceae, inflorescence, cyme, inflorescential architecture, structural asymmetry.

Process Control Challenges and Solutions: TEOS, W, and CU CMP

1999 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mendonca ◽  
C. Dang ◽  
S. Selinidis ◽  
M. Angyal ◽  
B. Boeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Tool Performance ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Head Control ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Cu Cmp ◽  
Polishing Pads ◽  
Local Levels

Various options that afford control of the TEOS, W, and Cu/barrier polishes were explored in the building of multilevel dual inlaid structures. Improved tool performance that enables more sophisticated down pressure control with higher resolution backpressure adjustments was employed for the oxide module to control the interlevel capacitances. Planarity at both the global and local levels at the oxide polish affords a good starting point for successive builds without metal pooling. In W CMP, small and controllable oxide erosion and plug recess was obtained with harder polishing pads. In Cu/barrier CMP, the tight overpolish/underpolish margin was maintained by head control and appropriate endpoint algorithms. A six-level build with tight and low sheet resistances and leakages was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Socio-economic backgrounds of agricultural production ecologization

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-534
Author(s):  
Olga Khodakivska
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Local Levels

This article reveals the economic and social preconditions of ecologization agricultural production. Purpose of this article is to offer a system solution of environmental problems in the agricultural sphere both at the global and local levels. It has been found that meeting the needs of mankind is accompanied by new innovative technological solutions that are sometimes dangerous to human life and health, and increase in the food production in developing countries is accompanied by depletion of natural resources, specifically land and water. On the basis of scientific and special methods of economic research, core areas of ecologization agricultural production have been grounded: meeting the needs of the population in the environment-friendly food; ensuring people environmental safety; use of technologies and methods of agricultural production that do not harm human health and the environment.

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