Regional White Matter Hyperintensity Influences Grey Matter Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment

AbstractBackground and Purpose: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are frequently encountered in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Focal grey matter atrophy has been linked to NPS development. Cerebrovascular disease can cause focal lesions and is common among AD patients. As cerebrovascular disease can be detected on MRI as white matter hyperintensities (WMH), this study evaluated WMH burden in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD and normal controls and determined their relationship with NPS. Methods: NPS were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and grouped into subsyndromes. WMH were measured using an automatic segmentation technique and mean deformation-based morphometry was used to measure atrophy of grey matter regions. Results: WMHs and grey matter atrophy both contributed significantly to NPS subsyndromes in MCI and AD subjects, however, WMH burden played a greater role. Conclusions: This study could provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of NPS in AD.

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White Matter Hyperintensity Load Drives Differential Grey Matter Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment

10.21203/rs.3.rs-131979/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ashwati Vipin ◽

Benjamin Yi Xin Wong ◽

Dilip Kumar ◽

Audrey Low ◽

Kok Pin Ng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter ◽

Executive Control ◽

Grey Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

White Matter Hyperintensity ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Executive Control Network ◽

Matter Volume

Abstract Background: Small-vessel cerebrovascular disease often represented as white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging, is considered an important risk factor for progression to dementia. Grey matter volume alterations in Alzheimer’s disease-specific regions comprising the default mode network and executive control network are also key features of early Alzheimer’s disease. However, the relationship between increasing white matter hyperintensity load and grey matter volume needs further examination in the cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment. Here, we examined the load-dependent influence of white matter hyperintensities on grey matter volume and cognition in the cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment stages.Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging data from 93 mild cognitive impairment and 90 cognitively normal subjects were studied and white matter hyperintensity load was categorized into low, medium and high terciles. We examined how differing loads of white matter hyperintensities related to whole-brain voxel-wise and regional grey matter volume in the default mode network and executive control network. We further investigated how regional grey matter volume moderated the relationship between white matter hyperintensities and cognition at differing white matter hyperintensity loads.Results: We found differential load-dependent effects of white matter hyperintensity burden on voxel-wise and regional grey matter atrophy in only mild cognitive impairment subjects. At low load, white matter hyperintensity load was positively related to grey matter volume in the executive control network but at high load, white matter hyperintensity load was negatively related to grey matter volume across both the executive control and default mode networks and no relationship was observed at medium white matter hyperintensity load. Additionally, negative associations between white matter hyperintensities and domains of memory and executive function were moderated by regional grey matter volume. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate dynamic relationships between white matter hyperintensity load, grey matter volume and cognition in the mild cognitive impairment stage. Interventions to slow the progression of white matter hyperintensities, instituted when white matter hyperintensity load is low could potentially prevent further cognitive decline.

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Abstract 44: Associations of Atrial Fibrillation, Neuroimaging Measures of Cerebrovascular Disease and Alzheimer’S Disease-related Pathology, and Cognitive Impairment

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.46.suppl_1.44 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan Graff-Radford ◽

Rosebud Roberts ◽

Malini Madhavan ◽

Alejandro Rabinstein ◽

Ruth Cha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Regression Models ◽

Grey Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensity ◽

Carrier Status

The objective of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional associations of atrial fibrillation with neuroimaging measures of cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease-related pathology, and their interaction with cognitive impairment. MRI scans of non-demented individuals (n=1044) from the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging were analyzed for infarctions, total grey matter, hippocampal and white matter hyperintensity volumes. A subset of 496 individuals underwent FDG and C-11 Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) PET scans. We assessed the associations of atrial fibrillation with i) categorical MRI measures (cortical and subcortical infarctions) using multivariable logistic regression models, and with ii) continuous MRI measures ( hippocampal, total grey matter, and white matter hyperintensity volumes) and FDG-PET and PiB-PET measures using multivariable linear regression models, and adjusting for confounders. Among participants who underwent MRI (median age, 77.8, 51.6% male), 13.5% had atrial fibrillation. Presence of atrial fibrillation was associated with subcortical infarctions (odds ratio [OR], 1.83; p=0.002), cortical infarctions (OR, 1.91; p=0.03), total grey matter volume (Beta [β], -.025, p<.0001) after controlling for age, education, gender, APOE e4 carrier status, coronary artery disease, diabetes, history of clinical stroke, and hypertension. However, atrial fibrillation was not associated with white matter hyperintensity volume, hippocampal volume, Alzheimer’s pattern of FDG hypometabolism or PiB uptake. There was a significant interaction of cortical infarction (p for interaction=0.004) and subcortical infarction (p for interaction =0.015) with atrial fibrillation with regards to odds of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Using subjects with no atrial fibrillation and no infarction as the reference, the OR (95% confidence intervals [CI]) for MCI was 2.98 (1.66, 5.35;p = 0.0002) among participants with atrial fibrillation and any infarction, 0.69 (0.36, 1.33;p= 0.27) for atrial fibrillation and no infarction, and 1.50 (0.96, 2.32;p = 0.07) for no atrial fibrillation and any infarction. These data highlight that atrial fibrillation is associated with MCI in the presence of infarctions.

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P4-184: Elevated arterial stiffness and deep-brain white matter hyperintensity in patients with mild cognitive impairment

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.1888 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (4S_Part_19) ◽

pp. P700-P701

Author(s):

Benjamin Tseng ◽

Muhammad Ayaz ◽

Estee Brunk ◽

Kyle Armstrong ◽

Kristin Martin-Cook ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

White Matter Hyperintensity ◽

Brain White Matter ◽

Deep Brain

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Abstract # 3182 Neuroinflammation and hypertension iteract in the pathogenesis of white matter hyperintensity in subjects with mild cognitive impairment

Brain Behavior and Immunity ◽

10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.292 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 ◽

pp. e37

Author(s):

N. Kandiah ◽

C. Guevarra ◽

K. Ng

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensity

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Frontal White Matter Hyperintensity Is Associated with Verbal Aggressiveness in Elderly Women with Alzheimer Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra ◽

10.1159/000486826 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 138-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Noriko Ogama ◽

Takashi Sakurai ◽

Naoki Saji ◽

Toshiharu Nakai ◽

Shumpei Niida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Frontal Lobe ◽

Brain Atrophy ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter Hyperintensity ◽

Verbal Aggressiveness ◽

The Impact

Background/Aims: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are exhibited in most patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Although white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is often observed with AD, the precise role of WMH in BPSD remains unclear. The current study aimed to identify the impact of regional WMH on specific features of BPSD in persons with mild to moderate AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: A sample of 256 female outpatients with AD (n = 217) and aMCI (n = 39) were recruited. We assessed BPSD using the Dementia Behavior Disturbance Scale. WMH and brain atrophy were evaluated using an automatic segmentation program. Regional WMH was evaluated as periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and deep WMH in frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes. Results: Whole-brain WMH was associated with verbal aggressiveness. In multivariate analysis, PVH in the frontal lobe was independently associated with verbal aggressiveness after adjustment for brain atrophy and clinical confounders. Conclusion: The current results indicated that PVH in the frontal lobe was independently associated with verbal aggressiveness.

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