Adaptation of multi-segmented body movements during vibratory proprioceptive and galvanic vestibular stimulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Per-Anders Fransson ◽  
Magnus Hjerpe ◽  
Rolf Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Vibratory Stimulation ◽  
Movement Coordination

Control of orthograde posture and use of adaptive adjustments constitutes essential topics of human movement control, both in maintenance of static posture and in ensuring body stability during locomotion. The objective was to investigate, in twelve normal subjects, how head, shoulder, hip and knee movements and torques induced towards the support surface were affected by vibratory proprioceptive and galvanic vestibular stimulation, and to investigate whether movement pattern, body posture and movement coordination were changed over time. Our findings suggest that the adaptive process to enhance stability involves both alteration of the multi-segmented movement pattern and alteration of body posture. The magnitude of the vibratory stimulation intensity had a prominent influence on the evoked multi-segmented movement pattern. The trial conditions also influenced whether the posture were altered and if these posture adjustments were done directly at stimulation onset or gradually over a longer period. Moreover, the correlation values showed that the subjects, primarily during trials with vibratory stimulation alone, significantly increased the body movement coordination at stimulation onset and maintained this movement pattern throughout the stimulation period. Furthermore, when exposed to balance perturbations the test subjects synchronized significantly the head and torso movements in anteroposterior direction during all trial conditions.

scholarly journals Velocity of body lean evoked by leg muscle vibration potentiate the effects of vestibular stimulation on posture

2007 ◽  
pp. 829-832
Author(s):  
O Dzurková ◽  
F Hlavačka
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Vibration ◽  
Quiet Stance ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Galvanic Stimulation ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Leg Muscle

To investigate the vestibular and somatosensory interaction in human postural control, a galvanic vestibular stimulation of cosine bell shape resulting in a small forward or backward body lean was paired with three vibrations of both soleus muscles. The induced body lean was registered by the position of the center of foot pressure (CoP). During a quiet stance with eyes closed the vibration of both soleus muscles with frequency (of) 40 Hz, 60 Hz and 80 Hz resulted in the body lean backward with velocities related to the vibration frequencies. The vestibular galvanic stimulation with the head turned to the right caused forward or backward modification of CoP backward response to the soleus muscles vibration and peaked at 1.5-2 s following the onset of the vibration. The effect of the paired stimulation was larger than the summation of the vestibular stimulation during the quiet stance and a leg muscle vibration alone. The enhancement of the galvanic stimulation was related to the velocity of body lean induced by the leg muscle vibration. The galvanic vestibular stimulation during a faster body movement had larger effects than during a slow body lean or the quiet stance. The results suggest that velocity of a body postural movement or incoming proprioceptive signal from postural muscles potentiate the effects of simultaneous vestibular stimulations on posture.

scholarly journals Task-dependent vestibular feedback responses in reaching

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Keyser ◽  
W. Pieter Medendorp ◽  
Luc P. J. Selen
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Optimal Feedback Control ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Optimal Feedback ◽  
Feedback Control Theory ◽  
Feedback Responses

When reaching for an earth-fixed object during self-rotation, the motor system should appropriately integrate vestibular signals and sensory predictions to compensate for the intervening motion and its induced inertial forces. While it is well established that this integration occurs rapidly, it is unknown whether vestibular feedback is specifically processed dependent on the behavioral goal. Here, we studied whether vestibular signals evoke fixed responses with the aim to preserve the hand trajectory in space or are processed more flexibly, correcting trajectories only in task-relevant spatial dimensions. We used galvanic vestibular stimulation to perturb reaching movements toward a narrow or a wide target. Results show that the same vestibular stimulation led to smaller trajectory corrections to the wide than the narrow target. We interpret this reduced compensation as a task-dependent modulation of vestibular feedback responses, tuned to minimally intervene with the task-irrelevant dimension of the reach. These task-dependent vestibular feedback corrections are in accordance with a central prediction of optimal feedback control theory and mirror the sophistication seen in feedback responses to mechanical and visual perturbations of the upper limb. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Correcting limb movements for external perturbations is a hallmark of flexible sensorimotor behavior. While visual and mechanical perturbations are corrected in a task-dependent manner, it is unclear whether a vestibular perturbation, naturally arising when the body moves, is selectively processed in reach control. We show, using galvanic vestibular stimulation, that reach corrections to vestibular perturbations are task dependent, consistent with a prediction of optimal feedback control theory.

scholarly journals The Effects of Stochastic Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation on Body Sway and Muscle Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiyoshi Matsugi ◽  
Kosuke Oku ◽  
Nobuhiko Mori
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Significant Increment

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether galvanic vestibular stimulation with stochastic noise (nGVS) modulates the body sway and muscle activity of the lower limbs, depending on visual and somatosensory information from the foot using rubber-foam.Methods: Seventeen healthy young adults participated in the study. Each subject maintained an upright standing position on a force plate with/without rubber-foam, with their eyes open/closed, to measure the position of their foot center of pressure. Thirty minutes after baseline measurements under four possible conditions (eyes open/closed with/without rubber-foam) performed without nGVS (intensity: 1 mA, duration: 40 s), the stimulation trials (sham-nGVS/real-nGVS) were conducted under the same conditions in random order, which were then repeated a week or more later. The total center of pressure (COP) path length movement (COP-TL) and COP movement velocity in the mediolateral (Vel-ML) and anteroposterior (Vel-AP) directions were recorded for 30 s during nGVS. Furthermore, electromyography activity of the right tibial anterior muscle and soleus muscle was recorded for the same time and analyzed.Results: Three-way analysis of variance and post-hoc multiple comparison revealed a significant increment in COP-related parameters by nGVS, and a significant increment in soleus muscle activity on rubber. There was no significant effect of eye condition on any parameter.Conclusions: During nGVS (1 mA), body sway and muscle activity in the lower limb may be increased depending not on the visual condition, but on the foot somatosensory condition.

Comparison of verticality perception and postural sway induced by double temple-mastoidal and bipolar binaural 20 Hz sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Samar Babaee ◽  
Moslem Shaabani ◽  
Mohsen Vahedi
Keyword(s):  
Postural Sway ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Semicircular Canals ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Amplitude Change ◽  
Threshold Levels

BACKGROUND: Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) is believed to be one of the most valuable tools for studying the vestibular system. In our opinion, its combined effect on posture and perception needs to be examined more. OBJECTIVE: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of a 20 Hz sinusoidal Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (sGVS) on the body sway and subjective visual vertical (SVV) deviation through two sets of electrode montages (bipolar binaural and double temple-mastoidal stimulation) during a three-stage experiment (baseline, threshold, and supra-threshold levels). METHODS: While the individuals (32 normal individuals, 10 males, the mean age of 25.37±3.00 years) were standing on a posturography device and SVV goggles were put on, the parameters of the body sway and SVV deviation were measured simultaneously. Following the baseline stage (measuring without stimulation), the parameters were investigated during the threshold and supra-threshold stages (1 mA above the threshold) for 20 seconds. This was done separately for each electrode montage. Then, the results were compared between the three experimental stages and the two electrode montages. RESULTS: In both electrode montages, “the maximum amplitude” of the mediolateral (ML) and anteroposterior (AP) body sway decreased and increased in the threshold and supra-threshold stages, respectively, compared to the baseline stage. Comparison of the amount of  “amplitude change” caused by each electrode montages showed that the double temple-mastoidal stimulation induced a significantly greater amplitude change in body sway during both threshold and supra-threshold stages (relative to the baseline stage). The absolute mean values of the SVV deviation were significantly different between the baseline and supra-threshold levels in both electrode montages. The SVV deviation in double temple-mastoidal stimulation was a bit greater than that in the bipolar binaural stimulation. CONCLUSION: Double temple-mastoidal stimulation has induced greater amount of change in the body sway and SVV deviation. This may be due to the more effective stimulation of the otoliths than semicircular canals.

Effect of galvanic vestibular stimulation on human postural responses during support surface translations

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Inglis ◽  
C. L. Shupert ◽  
F. Hlavacka ◽  
F. B. Horak
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular System ◽  
Equilibrium Position ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Quiet Stance ◽  
Galvanic Current ◽  
Postural Responses ◽  
Platform Translation

1. We investigated the role of the vestibular system in postural control by combining galvanic vestibular stimulation (0.2-0.5 mA) with platform translations in standing subjects. Vestibular stimulation delivered 500 ms before and continuously during the platform translation produced little change in the earliest center of pressure (COP) and center of mass (COM) movements in response to platform translations, but resulted in large changes during the execution of the postural movement and in the final equilibrium position. 2. Vestibular stimulation produced anterior or posterior shifts in the position of COP and COM, depending on the polarity of the galvanic current. These shifts were larger during platform translations than during quiet stance. The peak of these shifts in COP and COM occurred at 1.5-2.5 s after the onset of platform translation, and increased in magnitude with increasing platform velocity. The final equilibrium positions of COP and COM were also shifted, but these shifts were smaller and not dependent on platform velocity. 3. These results imply that a tonic step of galvanic current to the vestibular system can change the final equilibrium position for an automatic postural response. Furthermore, these results indicate that the vestibular system may play a larger role in interpreting sensory reafference during postural movements, and especially during fast postural movements, than in controlling quiet stance. Finally, these results indicate that the vestibular system does not play a critical role in triggering the earliest postural responses, but it may be critical in establishing an internal reference for verticality.

scholarly journals Explaining “What for” in Motion Analysis Research: A Proposal for a Counterfactual Framework That Is Slightly Different From the Theory of Causation

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Omura ◽  
Senshi Fukashiro ◽  
Shinsuke Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Criterion Movement

In motion analysis research, the methodology for estimating the physical processes of human movement is highly developed, but the methodology for interpreting such data is relatively undeveloped. One of the aims of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of developing a conceptual basis for interpreting data about the physical processes of body movement. In this conceptual study, one topic was discussed as a central question: what it means to answer the question what a certain movement technique is aimed for. We first introduced the distinction between explanations from the perspective of causes and explanations from the perspective of purposes as a mode of explaining events, and pointed out the importance of explanations from the perspective of purposes. We next argued that by taking the perspective of whether a given movement technique leads to a desired outcome in comparison to other movement techniques, we can expect to interpret what a given movement technique is for based on objectively observable information rather than the subjective intentions of the athlete. In addition, we discussed how the criterion movement patterns should be defined when assessing the fitness for purpose of a given movement technique in terms of its consequences. In this regard, our argument is that it is necessary to take into account that the exact same movement pattern cannot be performed every time, even for the same motor task, and that there are multiple options for how to define the set of possible movement patterns that can be performed. Our discussion reveals the peculiarity of grasping the meaning of movement techniques, and therefore suggests that there is a substantial need for motion analysis researchers to deepen their conceptual analysis to understand the nature of this issue.

Development of Flexible Sensors for Measuring Human Motion and Displacement of Novel Flexible Pneumatic Actuator

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Akagi ◽  
◽  
Shujiro Dohta ◽  
Hiroaki Kuno ◽  
Akimasa Fukuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Pneumatic Cylinder ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Linear Encoder ◽  
Bending Sensor

The importance of wearable devices in nursing care and rehabilitation has been strongly recognized. The purpose of our study is to develop a flexible displacement and bending sensor which can measure human movement and the movement of a flexible actuator. In this paper, a skin displacement sensing system using a flexible string-like flexible displacement sensor to measure the body movement, i.e., measuring the displacement of the skin, was proposed and tested. A flexible linear encoder that can measure the displacement of the flexible pneumatic cylinder using four photoreflectors was also developed. In addition, the measurement using both sensors was done to measure the human motion and the flexible actuator.

Functional MRI of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 2699-2709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elie Lobel ◽  
Justus F. Kleine ◽  
Denis Le Bihan ◽  
Anne Leroy-Willig ◽  
Alain Berthoz
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Vestibular System ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Processing ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Caloric Vestibular Stimulation

Lobel, Elie, Justus F. Kleine, Denis Le Bihan, Anne Leroy-Willig A, and Alain Berthoz. Functional MRI of galvanic vestibular stimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 2699–2709, 1998. The cortical processing of vestibular information is not hierarchically organized as the processing of signals in the visual and auditory modalities. Anatomic and electrophysiological studies in the monkey revealed the existence of multiple interconnected areas in which vestibular signals converge with visual and/or somatosensory inputs. Although recent functional imaging studies using caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) suggest that vestibular signals in the human cerebral cortex may be similarly distributed, some areas that apparently form essential constituents of the monkey cortical vestibular system have not yet been identified in humans. Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) has been used for almost 200 years for the exploration of the vestibular system. By contrast with CVS, which mediates its effects mainly via the semicircular canals (SCC), GVS has been shown to act equally on SCC and otolith afferents. Because galvanic stimuli can be controlled precisely, GVS is suited ideally for the investigation of the vestibular cortex by means of functional imaging techniques. We studied the brain areas activated by sinusoidal GVS using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). An adapted set-up including LC filters tuned for resonance at the Larmor frequency protected the volunteers against burns through radio-frequency pickup by the stimulation electrodes. Control experiments ensured that potentially harmful effects or degradation of the functional images did not occur. Six male, right-handed volunteers participated in the study. In all of them, GVS induced clear perceptions of body movement and moderate cutaneous sensations at the electrode sites. Comparison with anatomic data on the primate cortical vestibular system and with imaging studies using somatosensory stimulation indicated that most activation foci could be related to the vestibular component of the stimulus. Activation appeared in the region of the temporo-parietal junction, the central sulcus, and the intraparietal sulcus. These areas may be analogous to areas PIVC, 3aV, and 2v, respectively, which form in the monkey brain, the “inner vestibular circle”. Activation also occurred in premotor regions of the frontal lobe. Although undetected in previous imaging-studies using CVS, involvement of these areas could be predicted from anatomic data showing projections from the anterior ventral part of area 6 to the inner vestibular circle and the vestibular nuclei. Using a simple paradigm, we showed that GVS can be implemented safely in the fMRI environment. Manipulating stimulus waveforms and thus the GVS-induced subjective vestibular sensations in future imaging studies may yield further insights into the cortical processing of vestibular signals.

Towards a shape-performance integrated digital twin for lumbar spine analysis

Digital Twin ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Xiwang He ◽  
Yiming Qiu ◽  
Xiaonan Lai ◽  
Zhonghai Li ◽  
Liming Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Gaussian Process Regression ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital Twin

Background: With significant advancement and demand for digital transformation, the digital twin has been gaining increasing attention as it is capable of establishing real-time mapping between physical space and virtual space. In this work, a shape-performance integrated digital twin solution is presented to predict the real-time biomechanics of the lumbar spine during human movement. Methods: A finite element model (FEM) of the lumbar spine was firstly developed using computed tomography (CT) and constrained by the body movement which was calculated by the inverse kinematics algorithm. The Gaussian process regression was utilized to train the predicted results and create the digital twin of the lumbar spine in real-time. Finally, a three-dimensional virtual reality system was developed using Unity3D to display and record the real-time biomechanics performance of the lumbar spine during body movement. Results: The evaluation results presented an agreement (R-squared > 0.8) between the real-time prediction from digital twin and offline FEM prediction. Conclusions: This approach provides an effective method of real-time planning and warning in spine rehabilitation.

Increase or Decrease Depression: How Body Postures Influence Your Energy Level

Biofeedback ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Peper ◽  
I-Mei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Body Postures ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Teaching Implications

The treatment of depression has predominantly focused on medication or cognitive behavioral therapy and has given little attention to the effect of body movement and postures. This study investigated how body posture during movement affects subjective energy level. One hundred and ten university students (average age 23.7) rated their energy level and then walked in either a slouched position or in a pattern of opposite arm and leg skipping. After about two to three minutes, the students rated their subjective energy level, then walked in the opposite movement pattern and rated themselves again. After slouched walking, the participants experienced a decrease in their subjective energy (p < .01); after opposite arm leg skipping they experienced a significant increase in their subjective energy (p < .01). There was a significantly greater decrease (p < .05) in energy at the end of the slouched walk for the 20% of the participants who had the highest self-rated depression scores, as compared to the lowest 20%. By changing posture, subjective energy level can be decreased or increased. Thus the mind-body relationship is a two way street: mind to body and body to mind. The authors discuss clinical and teaching implications of body posture.

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