scholarly journals Overview of antidepressants on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine and dynamics of their consumption during 2015-2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Л. В. Яковлєва ◽  
Т. О. Баглай ◽  
О. В. Ткачова ◽  
О. В. Павленко
Keyword(s):  
Government Procurement ◽  
The State ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Unit Of Measurement ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Trade Names ◽  
Hospital Consumption

Among persistent health and disability disorders in Ukraine, the third place among men and the second among women are neuropsychiatric disorders, in the pharmacotherapy of which antidepressants are widely used. The aim of the work was to study the range and outpatient and hospital consumption of antidepressants in Ukraine. The analysis of the range and volume of antidepressant consumption was conducted in the outpatient market during 2015–2019 and in the hospital market during 2016–2019, according to the analytical company «Proxima Research»/«Morion». Consumption was calculated according to the ATC/DDD methodology. DDD/1 000 inhabitants per day (DID, DDD per 1 000 inhabitants per day) was used as a unit of measurement. The results of the study showed that in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine during 2015–2019, 94–101 tons of antidepressants were used on an outpatient basis, including 29–36 tons of domestic production and 65 tons of foreign manufacturers. In 2016–2019, the hospital used a smaller number of antidepressants TH – 78–79 TH, including 27–29 TH of domestic production and 52–49 TH – imported. The number of trade names of antidepressants in outpatient consumption is 16–22% higher than the number of trade names in hospital consumption, which may be due to lower government procurement of drugs in this group. It was found that outpatient consumption of antidepressants in the period 2015–2019 increased 2.22 times – from 1.08 DID in 2015 to 2.40 DID in 2019. Consumption in hospitals was much lower and ranged from 0.20 DID in 2016. Up to 0.19 DID in 2019 (With a peak of 0.24 DID in 2017). The increase in the use of outpatient antidepressants was gradual, without abrupt changes. Most INN antidepressants, with the exception of N06AX20 Various drugs and the herb St. John's wort N06AX25, have been included in modern medical and technological documents: the State State form of drugs (8–11 issues) and the List of domestic and foreign drugs that can be purchased by health facilities, which are fully or partially funded from the state and local budgets (2015–2017), which indicates their proven clinical efficacy and safety.

scholarly journals MARKETING STUDY OF ORAL FORMS OF OMEPRAZOLE PREPARATIONS USED FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE AND GASTRIC ULCER

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
L.N. Sheikhmambetova ◽  
E.A. Egorova ◽  
E.Yu. Bekirova ◽  
K.N. Onishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
The State ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
High Price ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Trade Names

Some of the most widespread illnesses of alimentary canal are the stomach (gastric) ulcer, duodenal ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux diseases. The ethanol of antisecretory treatment of the given acid-dependent diseases are the preparations of the proton pump inhibitor group with omeprazole which is considered to be more effective and investigated. The goal of the research is the oral medications omeprazole (20 mg) assortment market investigation. Materials and methods. The research objects are the State register of medicines data of oral medicinal products including omeprazole dosing 20 mg recorded on the pharmaceutical market as well as the State price register data on the vital medicinal products on April, 4, 2021. Results. According to the SRMP 30 trade names of medicinal products including omeprazole dosing 20 mg as active ingredient in capsules and tablets are registered on the pharmaceutical market in Russian Federation. The omeprazole products distribution in the countries holding registration certificates showed the predominance of domestic production medicinal products (18 trade names, 60 %). The cost analysis of standard daily and course dose oral omeprazole form (20 mg) of different trade names allowed to select economically profitable preparations (”Omeprazole”, LLC “Production of Medicines”, Russia; “Omeprazole”, OJSC ‘‘Synthesis”, Russia; “Omeprazole” LLC BFMP, Russia), the insert of which into the list of medicines to provide the gastroesophageal reflux disease and stomach (gastric) ulcer patients at the regional level is economically feasible as well the medicines with the high price (Losec MUPS AstraZeneca AB, Sweden). Сonclusion. The results of the pharmaceutical market research of oral omeprazole form (20mg) indicates a great majority of generic medicine, a sufficient market capacity, medicine predominance of domestic production (60%).

Is This the Care We Need?: An Examination of Childcare Policy in Pennsylvania

Commonwealth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie Sweet-Cushman ◽  
Ashley Harden
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Care ◽  
Current System ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Women And Politics ◽  
Richard Nixon ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Childcare Policy

For many families across Pennsylvania, child care is an ever-present concern. Since the 1970s, when Richard Nixon vetoed a national childcare program, child care has received little time in the policy spotlight. Instead, funding for child care in the United States now comes from a mixture of federal, state, and local programs that do not help all families. This article explores childcare options available to families in the state of Pennsylvania and highlights gaps in the current system. Specifically, we examine the state of child care available to families in the Commonwealth in terms of quality, accessibility, flexibility, and affordability. We also incorporate survey data from a nonrepresentative sample of registered Pennsylvania voters conducted by the Pennsylvania Center for Women and Politics. As these results support the need for improvements in the current childcare system, we discuss recommendations for the future.

Effectiveness of Tax Policy of Ukraine: Evidence and Economy Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Olena P. Slavkova ◽  
Oksana I Zhilinska ◽  
Maksym Palienko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Tax ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Tax Payments

The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation and implementation of tax policy in the country. The analysis of change of tax receipts to the state and local budgets is carried out. The role of tax payments in the economic development of the country is determined. The efficiency of the state tax policy in Ukraine is analyzed, its advantages and disadvantages are determined. The important role of tax payments in stimulating economic and social development is substantiated. The analysis of the elasticity of change of indicators of economic development of the country from the change of volume of tax receipts to the budget is carried out. The necessity of improving the existing policy of establishing, accrual, payment, and distribution of tax revenues as one of the most promising areas to stimulate economic growth is concluded. Keywords: tax policy, revenues, tax evasion, state budget, elasticity, economic development

Combating Problems in Teaching State and Local Government

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 19-20
Author(s):  
Mary H. Waite
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
The State ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Science Instructors

Because many political science instructors come from another region or state; they feel insufficiently informed in teaching about the state and local government wherein they presently reside. Consequently, instructors generalize about these governments. Yet in many public universities and community colleges, students find the politics in their area pertinent and care less for comparative analysis. In truth, the students probably have a valid point, since the majority will reside in the state where they are attending college.

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