unit of measurement
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

151
(FIVE YEARS 55)

H-INDEX

18
(FIVE YEARS 2)

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Mbacké DIAGNE

In a situation of illiteracy at a rate of 54%, with over 80% of the population not speaking French (ANSD, 2013), it is very difficult to carry out effective development policies in Senegal without taking into account the language issue. From this point of view, the FCFA currency, which is expressed in French, poses a lot of problems for the African populations of the franc zone. The debate around this currency has so far been more focused on financial or fiduciary aspects than on the fundamental mechanisms that help to better understand the environment in which economic agents operate. Beyond its linguistic symbolism steeped in history, the FCFA creates cognitive problems that make it difficult for African populations to use it. We will try in this article to show, by an analytical approach, that the denomination of a currency involves the interaction of several fields of investigation. These are economic, historical, sociological, political, and above all, linguistic. From this angle, there is reason to be interested in the Academy of African Languages (ACALAN) in the resolution of this unit of measurement.


Author(s):  
Kakhkharov Siddiq Kakhkharovich

Abstract: This article discusses the chemical and biological effects of light and photography. Light is a form of energy known as electromagnetic radiation, and its expression at wavelengths and the unit of measurement, nanometer, is considered a separate characteristic. It ranges from very short wavelength to long wavelength radiation. Visible (normal / sunlight) light is the band of radiation that our eyes can see. Under the influence of light, the following processes can occur: the attachment of atoms to molecules, dissociation, photochemical reaction, synthesis reaction. This article discusses light and its chemical effects, as well as photography. Keywords: Photosynthesis. Photography, electromagnetic radiation, synthesis, photography, xerography, photography, photochemistry, eosin, erythrosine, methylene film.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-273
Author(s):  
Herani Tri Lestiana

Many studies showed that teachers and prospective teachers have difficulty solving percentage problems. This research is a qualitative descriptive study that aims to investigate the prospective teachers’ strategies in solving problems on the topic of percentages. A total of 250 students majoring in Mathematics Education and Primary Education at IAIN Syekh Nurjati and IAIN Pekalongan were purposively selected to participate in this study. The results showed that only less than half of the participants (40.1%) could give the correct answer. Qualitative data on the strategies used by prospective teachers on the percent question show that (1) teacher candidates ignore the importance of the % symbol and consider the % symbol only as a unit of measurement, (2) teacher candidates ignore the essential role of the reference quantity in the percent question, (3 ) teacher candidates are not used to solving percent problems related to determining initial values before discounts and assume that any percent problem can be solved using multiplication or division.


Author(s):  
Muppla Jagadeesh ◽  
◽  
Mr.P Ajay Kumar Reddy ◽  
Dr.S.Nanda Kishor ◽  
◽  
...  

Resolving the problems of individuals with Visual, Hearing, and Vocal Impairment through a solitary serving framework could be a tough task. Various current investigations focus on the resolution of the problems of 1 of them on top of challenges however not all. The work centers around chase down a noteworthy procedure that guides the externally weakened by permitting them to listen to what's self-addressed as text and it's accomplished by the tactic that catches the image through a camera and converts the content accessible as voice signals. This planned framework provides a path to people with Hearing weakening to image scan that is in morphology by discourse to message modification procedure and that we, in addition, provides a route to the vocally disabled to handle their voice by the guide of text to voice transformation strategy. each one of those 3 arrangements was regulated to be in an exceedingly solitary exceptional framework. each one of those exercises consists of the employment of Raspberry Pi. The outwardly barred individual's unit of measurement is helped by the cycle whereby the image to text and text to discourse is given by the Tesseract OCR (online character acknowledgment). The deaf individuals assist with the cycle of associate application that creates them grasp what the individual says is also shown attributable to the message. Vocally hindered individuals can pass on their message by text. Therefore totally different individuals will hear the message in an exceeding speaker.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diederik Sybolt Wiersma ◽  
Giovanni Mana

AbstractAir Canada managed to have a passenger aircraft run out of fuel in mid-air due to confusion about metric units (Stephenson in Mars climate orbiter mishap investigation board phase I report, NASA, 1999), and NASA lost an entire spacecraft due to a misunderstanding amongst engineers about the units used in the propulsion system design (Witkin in Jet’s fuel ran out after metric conversion errors, The New York Times, 1983). Measurements only make sense if the units are correct and well-defined. A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined by convention or law. Any other quantity of that kind can then be expressed as a multiple or submultiple of the unit of measurement. The Egyptians used the Farao as definite magnitude, while many years later, the french revolutionists introduced the earth as a reference and laid the foundations for the modern decimal system. Since recently, we have a truly universal and stable system that uses physics’s natural constants and laws to define the base units of measurement. This paper explains how this new concept works and how it is implemented in practice.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leônidas de Oliveira Neto ◽  
Vagner Deuel de O. Tavares ◽  
Pedro Moraes Dutra Agrícola ◽  
Larissa Praça de Oliveira ◽  
Márcia Cristina Sales ◽  
...  

AbstractThe increase in inflammatory cytokines associated with a reduction in the bioavailability of zinc has been used as a marker for inflammation. Despite the high inflammatory state found in institutionalized older individuals, few studies have proposed verifying the factors associated with this condition in this population. To verify the factors associated with inflamm-aging in institutionalized older people. A total of 178 older people (≥ 60 years old) living in nursing homes in Natal/RN were included in the study. Cluster analysis was used to identify three groups according to their inflammatory state. Analysis anthropometric, biochemical, sociodemographic, and health-related variables was carried out. In sequence, an ordinal logistic regression was performed for a confidence level of 95% in those variables with p < 0.20 in the bivariate analysis. IL-6, TNF-α, zinc, low-density lipids (LDL), high-density lipids (HDL), and triglycerides were associated with inflamm-aging. The increase of 1 unit of measurement of LDL, HDL, and triglycerides increased the chance of inflammation-aging by 1.5%, 4.1%, and 0.9%, respectively, while the oldest old (≥ 80 years old) had an 84.9% chance of presenting inflamm-aging in relation to non-long-lived older people (< 80 years). The association between biochemical markers and inflamm-aging demonstrates a relationship between endothelial injury and the inflammatory state. In addition, the presence of a greater amount of fat in the blood may present a higher relative risk of death.


Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-453
Author(s):  
Goran Ćorluka ◽  
Vanja Vitezić ◽  
Ivan Peronja

Tourist attractions are vital sub-elements in the tourism system. Despite drawing considerable attention in the tourism literature, most studies suffer from a lack of in-depth analysis of the theoretical foundation. This research aims to analyze the temporal nature of tourist attraction, thereby linking the cognitive and organizational perspective of tourist attraction classification by its temporal dimension. From the organizational perspective of tourist attraction classification, a further purpose is to classify tourist attractions regarding their temporal dimension. This paper shows the organizational influence of time regarding when and how long an attraction occurs. The cognitive and organizational perspective typologies of tourist attractions are linked by a common unit of measurement: time. With regard to their temporal dimension, tourist attractions are classified as STA - Stationary attraction and SEA - Seasonal attractions. This study contributes to the literature by providing an insight into the temporal dimension of tourist attractions and the understanding of the cognitive and organizational perspective and their interconnection within tourist attraction typology. The defined framework can be applied in the comparison and evaluation of tourist attractions providing the basis for further discussion on the nature of tourist attractions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Olsen ◽  
Live Storehagen Dansie ◽  
Irene Litleskare ◽  
Hege Salvesen Blix

Background: Antineoplastic agents (ATC group L01) have not been assigned DDDs due to highly interindividualvariation in dosages. Consumption data has therefore been presented in other measurement units such as grams of active ingredient. However, the protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) are a rapidly growing drug group that was introduced to the market recently and are administered orally in a fixed dose. DDDs were therefore established for the PKIs in 2020. In this study we aim to assess whether the newly assigned DDDs would better express drug utilisation patterns in Norway than the current units of measurement.Methods: Sales data for PKIs (ATC level L01E) by grams, cost, units and packages for 2019 were collectedfrom the Norwegian Drug Wholesales Statistics and data on number of prescriptions and prevalence for 2019were collected from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD). DDDs were calculated by applying thevalues of the new DDDs.Results: The proportions of the different substances varied according to the unit of measurement. DDDs andpackages had the highest similarity and correlated better than grams with the prevalence of use in theNorwegian population. BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors was the largest group accounting for 31% ofthe total consumption (DDD/1000 inhabitants/day) and imatinib was the most sold PKI in all units of measurement except cost.Conclusions: Using an international agreed unit of measurement gives reliability to the study result. Assignment of DDDs to PKIs will improve the quality of drug utilisation studies in this area.


Author(s):  
Anders Dugstad ◽  
Kristine M. Grimsrud ◽  
Gorm Kipperberg ◽  
Henrik Lindhjem ◽  
Ståle Navrud

AbstractSensitivity to scope in nonmarket valuation refers to the property that people are willing to pay more for a higher quality or quantity of a nonmarket public good. Establishing significant scope sensitivity has been an important check of validity and a point of contention for decades in stated preference research, primarily in contingent valuation. Recently, researchers have begun to differentiate between statistical and economic significance. This paper contributes to this line of research by studying the significance of scope effects in discrete choice experiments (DCEs) using the scope elasticity of willingness to pay concept. We first formalize scope elasticity in a DCE context and relate it to economic significance. Next, we review a selection of DCE studies from the environmental valuation literature and derive their implied scope elasticity estimates. We find that scope sensitivity analysis as validity diagnostics is uncommon in the DCE literature and many studies assume unitary elastic scope sensitivity by employing a restrictive functional form in estimation. When more flexible specifications are employed, the tendency is towards inelastic scope sensitivity. Then, we apply the scope elasticity concept to primary DCE data on people’s preferences for expanding the production of renewable energy in Norway. We find that the estimated scope elasticities vary between 0.13 and 0.58, depending on the attribute analyzed, model specification, geographic subsample, and the unit of measurement for a key attribute. While there is no strict and universally applicable benchmark for determining whether scope effects are economically significant, we deem these estimates to be of an adequate and plausible order of magnitude. Implications of the results for future DCE research are provided.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document