Contenido de materia orgánica en suelos de sistemas silvopastoriles establecidos en el Chaco Central paraguayo

El sistema silvopastoril se caracteriza por asociación de ganadería, árboles y pastura, la interacción entre estos componentes aporta beneficios tanto al suelo, como a la pastura, al ganado y a los árboles y permite un aumento en la productividad y la diversificación de la producción. Para conocer la influencia del componente arbóreo del sistema silvopastoril sobre el contenido de materia orgánica del suelo se llevó a cabo un estudio exploratorio en propiedades privadas ubicadas en los Departamento de Boquerón y Presidente Hayes del Chaco Central paraguayo. Se instalaron 8 parcelas permanentes de 1 ha cada una en las que se midieron y registraron todos los individuos de algarrobo (Prosopis spp), se identificaron y extrajeron muestras de pastura de subparcelas de 1m2 que se ubicaron bajo la copa de los árboles y fuera de la copa para comparar la biomasa de la pastura, se extrajeron muestras de suelo bajo las condiciones mencionadas y a dos profundidades, de 0 a 10 cm y de 10 a 30 cm, para comparar el contenido de materia orgánica, carbono y nitrógeno. El componente arbóreo estaba integrado por algarrobo blanco (Prosopis alba) y algarrobo negro (Prosopis nigra) asociados a pastura implantada, Gatton panic (Panicum máximum cv Gatton panic) pasto Pangola (Digitaria decumbens) y pasto Buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris) mayoritariamente. No se registraron diferencias significativas en el contenido de materia orgánica, carbono y nitrógeno entre condiciones de sol y de sombra, pero sí al variar la profundidad. Bajo las condiciones del presente estudio no se registró una influencia significativa del componente arbóreo sobre el contenido de materia orgánica.

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Relación carbono-nitrógeno en suelos de sistemas silvopastoriles del Chaco paraguayo

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales ◽

10.29298/rmcf.v9i46.134 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (46) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cynthia Gamarra ◽

Maura Isabel Díaz Lezcano ◽

Mirtha Vera de Ortíz ◽

María Del Pilar Galeano ◽

Antero José Nicolás Cabrera Cardús

Keyword(s):

Panicum Maximum ◽

Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽

Prosopis Alba ◽

Digitaria Decumbens ◽

El Sistema

El sistema silvopastoril permite que la producción ganadera sea más sustentable, porque la interacción entre sus componentes aporta beneficios al suelo, a la pastura, al ganado y a los árboles; además de, un aumento en la productividad y la diversificación de la producción. Para conocer las características de dichos sistemas, se llevó a cabo un estudio en propiedades privadas ubicadas en el Chaco Paraguayo, donde se instalaron ocho parcelas permanentes de 1 ha cada una, en las que se midieron todos los individuos de Prosopis spp. (algarrobo), se identificaron y extrajeron muestras de pastura de subparcelas situadas bajo la copa de los árboles y fuera de ella para comparar su biomasa; también se obtuvieron muestras de suelo en las mismas condiciones, a dos profundidades: de 0 a 10 cm y de 10 a 30 cm, con el propósito de comparar el contenido de materia orgánica y la Relación Carbono/Nitrógeno (C/N). El componente arbóreo estaba integrado por Prosopis alba (algarrobo blanco) y Prosopis nigra (algarrobo negro) asociados a pastura cultivada compuesta en forma mayoritaria por Panicum maximum cv Gatton panic (Gatton panic), Digitaria decumbens (pasto pangola) y Cenchrus ciliaris (pasto buffel). La presencia de los algarrobos influyó sobre la biomasa de la pastura, pues sus registros fueron mayores bajo las copas que fuera de estas. La materia orgánica en el suelo no presentó diferencias significativas entre condición de sol y de sombra, pero sí al variar la profundidad; en cambio, la Relación C/N no varió en ninguna de las condiciones.

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Response of some tropical grasses to molybdenum application

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9780732 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 18 (94) ◽

pp. 732 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C Johansen

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Published Data ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽

Total N ◽

Tropical Grasses ◽

Tropical Legumes ◽

Setaria Sphacelata ◽

Large Growth

The response to Mo application of Panicum maximum var. trichoglume cv. Gatton (panic), Cenchrus ciliaris cv. Biloela (buffel) and Setaria sphacelata cv. Nandi (setaria) was studied at three rates of NO3 supply in pots containing soil that was severely Mo deficient for tropical legumes. There were no growth responses of these grasses to Mo, except for a marginally significant effect in panic at the highest NO3 treatment at the first harvest. These results are compared with Mo responses of legume/grass mixtures in the field and published data showing large growth responses of some temperate grasses to Mo. Application of Mo had no effect on total N concentrations of grass tops but markedly decreased NO3-N concentrations in buffel. Setaria had a greater ability to take up Mo than the other grasses and this was associated with the lower NO3 levels in this species. Critical Mo concentrations for growth of all grasses were below 0.02 p.p.m.

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Ozone phytotoxicity to Panicum maximum and Cenchrus ciliaris at Indo-Gangetic plains: an assessment of antioxidative defense and growth responses

Ecotoxicology ◽

10.1007/s10646-019-02088-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 853-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tsetan Dolker ◽

Arideep Mukherjee ◽

Shashi Bhushan Agrawal ◽

Madhoolika Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Panicum Maximum ◽

Antioxidative Defense ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽

Gangetic Plains

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Nutritional values for 17 subtropical grasses

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9600138 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 138 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

R Milford

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Paspalum Notatum ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Nutritional Values ◽

Natural Pasture

The nutritional values of 17 subtropical grasses have been compared with the use of crude protein content, crude protein digestibility, nitrogen balance, dry matter intake, and dry matter digestibility as criteria. Under the experimental conditions at the Cooper Laboratory, differences in nutritional values were obtained between individual subtropical grasses, the main differences being in digestible C.P. contents and in dry matter intakes. When mature and frost-affected grasses were fed to sheep, Paspalum plicatulum (C.P.I. 11826) and Cenchrus ciliaris (West Australian strain) had the highest nutritional values, and were superior to Panicum maximum var. trichoglume, Cenchrus ciliaris (C.P.I. 6934), Paspalum plicatulum (C.P.I. 2741), and Urochloa pullulans. These four were, in turn, better than Chloris gayana (commercial strain) and Paspalum commersonii. All grasses tested had higher nutritional values than mature natural pasture. All grasses which were fed to sheep at a young leafy stage of growth had high nutritional values. Those with the best performances at this stage were Paspalum plicatulum (C.P.I. 11826 and C.P.I. 2741), Panicum maximum var. trichoglume, and Paspahm commersonii. Limited data are presented on the nutritional values of Paspalum notatum (four strains), Paspalum malacophyllum, Panicum minus, Panicum coloratum, and Pennisetum purpureum.

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Degradabilidad ruminal in vitro de ensilajes de pasto saboya (Panicum maximum jacq.) con diferentes niveles de inclusión de cáscara de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis sims.)

Ciencia y Tecnología ◽

10.18779/cyt.v10i2.167 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 53-62

Author(s):

Alexandra Barrera-Álvarez ◽

León Montenegro-Vivas ◽

Adolfo Sánchez-Laiño ◽

Marlene Medina-Villacis ◽

Mirian Medina Villacis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Panicum Maximum ◽

Passiflora Edulis ◽

El Sistema ◽

Passiflora Edulis Sims

La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la composición y degradabilidad ruminal in vitro de la materia seca, materia orgánica y materia inorgánica de los ensilajes de pasto saboya con los tratamientos T1: Pasto saboya 90%+cáscara de maracuyá 10%; T2: Pasto saboya 80%+cáscara de maracuyá 20%; T3: Pasto saboya 70%+cáscara de maracuyá 30% y T4: Pasto saboya 60%+cáscara de maracuyá 40%. Se utilizó el método de microensilaje (silos PVC de 3 kg de capacidad provistos de una válvula bunsen y mecanismo de extracción de efluentes) y la técnica de degradación in vitro con el sistema de incubación DAISY II, empleando el líquido ruminal de bovinos brahman de 500±25 kg de peso promedio. Se aplicó un Diseño Completamente al Azar con seis repeticiones. El nivel de inclusión de maracuyá mejoró el contenido de nutrientes en el ensilaje, incrementando la materia orgánica, la proteína bruta y la grasa bruta y disminuyendo las fracciones de fibra. La degradabilidad de la materia seca, materia orgánica y materia inorgánica fue superior (p

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Light microscopy observations of tetrazolium-reducing bacteria in the endorhizosphere of maize and other grasses in Brazil

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m78-122 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 734-742 ◽

Cited By ~ 133

Author(s):

D. G. Patriquin ◽

J. Döbereiner

Keyword(s):

Nitrogenase Activity ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Crystal Formation ◽

Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽

Digitaria Decumbens ◽

Chloramine T ◽

Intact Cortex ◽

Reducing Bacteria ◽

Inner Cortex

Roots of field-grown tropical maize, Panicum maximum Jacq. and Digitaria decumbens Stent., and of sorghum and wheat grown in monoxenic culture with the diazotroph Spirillum lipoferum (syn. Azospirillum spp.) were examined for tetrazolium-reducing bacteria following incubation of roots in a malate – phosphate buffer –2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride medium. Bacteria were observed between and in cells of the cortex, in intercellular spaces between the cortex and endodermis, in xylem cells, and in and between pith cells. In maize, colonization of the inner cortex and stele appears to occur in the absence of significant bacterial colonization or collapse of outerlying tissues. Bacteria in the stele remained viable after a 6-h treatment of roots with chloramine-t, indicating that the endodermis was intact. Infection of the inner cortex and stele appears to occur initially in branches, and then to spread longitudinally into main roots. Inter-and intra-cellular infections of the cortex were observed in monoxenic systems. Tetrazolium reduction and prominent crystal formation was not specific for diazotrophic bacteria, but S. lipoferum was isolated from surface-sterilized roots, and S. lipoferum-like organisms were observed in the endorhizosphere. A correlation of inner cortex and stele infections with the presence of branches appears to explain previous observations that excised roots of grasses exhibiting high nitrogenase activity are characteristically branched roots with an intact cortex.

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THE INTAKE AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF FRESH, FROZEN AND DRIED SORGHUM ALMUM, DIGITARIA DECUMBENS AND PANICUM MAXIMUM

Grass and Forage Science ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2494.1966.tb00459.x ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 123-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D. J. Minson

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Digitaria Decumbens ◽

Fresh Frozen

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EVALUATION OF THE NUTRIENTS CONTENTS OF SELECTED PRESERVED FORAGES IN THE DERIVED SAVANNA ZONE

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v23i2.2341 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 164-168

Author(s):

B. I. UMOH ◽

A. C. OKONKWO ◽

B. I. OKON ◽

F. W. EKONG

Keyword(s):

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Variation Method ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Derived Savanna ◽

Major Factors ◽

Representative Samples ◽

Savanna Zone ◽

Chemical Contents

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutrient contents of selected forages based on adequate forage methods of preservation. Forages used in the studies were Andropogon tectonim, Cenchrus ciliaris, Panicum maximum and Imperata cylindrica. Representative samples collected from each experimental zone were preserved in the laboratory with different methods. The samples were analyzed for their proximate forage chemical contents. Baled hay and ensilage influence forage attributes particularly in forages were selected to be suitable methods of conservation of forage for dry season feeding based on proximate composition of the feed. Panicum marinunt and Cenchrus ciliaris were also found to be very rich in CP (9.0 and 9.2) respectively when conserved. Seasonal variation, method of forage conservation and stage of maturity were suggested to be major factors that affect DM and nutrient contents of forages.

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Mudanças Climáticas Globais e a Pecuária: Cenários Futuros para o Semiárido Brasileiro (Global Climatic Changes and Animal Production: Future Scenarios for the Brazilian Tropical Semiarid)

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física ◽

10.26848/rbgf.v4i6.232765 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patricia Menezes Santos ◽

Tadeu Vinhas Voltolini ◽

Ana Clara Rodrigues Cavalcante ◽

José Ricardo Macedo Pezzopane ◽

Magna Soelma Beserra de Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Animal Production ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Future Scenarios ◽

Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Caatinga Biome ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Animal Production Systems

Os sistemas de produção animal no Semiárido brasileiro podem ser vulneráveis às mudanças climáticas. Cenários futuros para a produção de Brachiaria brizantha, Panicum maximum, Cenchrus ciliaris e Opuntia fícus indica foram analisados para a identificação de áreas mais vulneráveis. A partir dos modelos já disponíveis, foram identificadas algumas áreas de maior vulnerabilidade, o que possibilitou a indicação de alternativas de adaptação dos sistemas de produção para mitigação de possíveis impactos negativos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre a produção animal do Semiárido brasileiro. O desenvolvimento de técnicas para o uso sustentável da Caatinga como pasto nativo contribuirá para reduzir a degradação deste bioma e os riscos de desertificação da região. Novas variedades de plantas forrageiras, tanto de exóticas quanto de espécies nativas, melhor adaptadas para as condições de cenários climáticos futuros poderão ser desenvolvidos através do melhoramento vegetal. O uso de irrigação de pastagens e o aproveitamento de co-produtos na alimentação dos animais contribuirão para o aumento de produtividade e para a redução da pressão sobre a vegetação nativa. Diversos grupos de pesquisa têm desenvolvido modelos melhores para projeção regionalizada de chuva e de temperatura. O desenvolvimento desses modelos permitirá uma investigação mais precisa dos possíveis impactos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre a pecuária no semiárido brasileiro. Palavras - chave: pastagem; pastagem nativa; produção animal; sistemas de produção. Global Climatic Changes and Animal Production: Future Scenarios for the Brazilian Tropical Semiarid ABSTRACTThe animal production systems on semi-arid areas of Brazil may be vulnerable to global climatic changes. Future scenarios for the production of Brachiaria brizantha, Panicum maximum, Cenchrus ciliaris and Opuntia fícus indica were analysed to identify more vulnerable areas. Using the models already available, areas with higher vulnerability were identified and alternatives for adaptation of current animal production systems were proposed to mitigate possible negative impacts of global climatic changes. The development of techniques for the sustainable use of Caatinga as native pasture may contribute to reduce degradation of the Caatinga biome and to reduce risks of desertification. New genotypes of exotic and native forage species, better adapted to future climatic conditions, may be developed through plant breeding. Pasture irrigation and use of residues from industries as animal feed will improve productivity and reduce pressure over Caatinga biome. Several research groups are developing better models to a better regionalized prediction of rainfall and temperature. The development of this models will allow a more precise investigation of the possible impacts of the climatic changes on animal production systems on semi-arid area of Brazil. Keywords:grassland; rangeland; animal production; production systems.

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