scholarly journals CYTODIAGNOSIS OF HEPATIC LESIONS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH SERUM ALPHA FETOPROTEIN LEVELS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehgal Tamanna ◽  
Kusum Anuradha ◽  
Ahuja Vivek
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Liver Lesions ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Serum Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Hepatic Lesions

Background: Liver is a common organ for lodgement of various infections and metastasis from other parts of body. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) plays a major decisive diagnostic role and combined with USG diagnostic accuracy is 90-95% minimizing the need of biopsy. An increased in serum AFP concentration has been observed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and is an important serum tumor marker. Methods: The present study was done, with the aim of studying the cytomorphological features of hepatic lesions and their association with serum Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Study was conducted on 56 patients who underwent USG guided FNAC for diagnosis of liver lesions. Cytomorphological pattern of liver lesions were studied and serum AFP levels of the same cases were measured. Results: Maximum number of cases was in age group of 61-70 years. Male: Female ratio was 1.4:1. 82.1% cases were malignant. Most common malignancy was Metastatic deposits of Adenocarcinoma (MDA). HCC was diagnosed in 5.4% cases. Serum AFP levels in HCC were 459.93 ± 41.69 ng/mL.15.4 % of the cases of MDA and 8.3% of the cases of Metastatic deposits of Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma (MDPDC) showed raised serum AFP levels. Association between cytodiagnosis and serum AFP range was statistically significant. Sensitivity=100%, specificity=81.4%, PPV=27.3% and NPV= 100% were obtained when serum AFP was used to differentiate metastatic lesions with HCC taking < 8.5ng/mL as cut off. Conclusion: USG guided FNAC of the liver is a rapid, reliable and economical screening test. Serum AFP has been the most widely used tumor marker for diagnosing HCC but raised levels are also seen in other hepatic lesions decreasing its specificity. Keywords: Liver, FNAC, Serum Alpha fetoprotein levels

scholarly journals Clinicopathological features of pilomatricoma cases: Analysis of 21 cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 530-533
Author(s):  
D Ghartimagar ◽  
A Ghosh ◽  
K Gautam ◽  
S Thapa ◽  
SR Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Slow Growing

Background: Pilomatricoma is a slow-growing, asymptomatic tumour originating from outer sheath cells of hair follicle. In this study, we describe the clinical presentation and histopathological features of pilomatricoma. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective study carried out in all patients who were diagnosed as pilomatricoma over a period of January 2001 to December 2013. The study was done in department of pathology, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal. Results: A total of 21 cases of pilomatricoma were reported with age range of 9-53 years (mean age 23.7) and male female ratio of 1:1.1. The most common site of occurrence was neck and preauricular region. The size of the tumour ranged from 0.3 to 4.7cm with a mean of 1.2cm. Multiple occurrences were seen in 3 patients and ossifying pilomarticoma was seen in 4 cases. Conclusion: Pilomatricoma is a benign skin neoplasm of hair follicle matrix cells. Calcification is a common finding while dystrophic ossification also can occur in the tumour. Histopathology gives the definite diagnosis as fine needle aspiration cytology and clinical impression may be misleading. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v4i7.10293 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2014) Vol. 4, 530-533

Plasma Osteopontin Level as a Diagnostic Marker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Radiological Evidence of Focal Hepatic Lesions

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Khalil ◽  
Jamalat Elgedawy ◽  
Mohammed F Faramawi ◽  
Ashraf Elfert ◽  
Ibrahim Salama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Focal Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Serum Alpha Fetoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Lesions

Aims Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors and has limited treatment options. Needle-guided biopsies have been utilized as a tool to diagnose malignant focal hepatic lesions. These techniques are discouraged because of their complications. Nowadays, alpha fetoprotein is the most widely used tumor marker for screening and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, this marker has limitations. The diagnostic role of plasma osteopontin as an adjuvant or alternative marker to alpha fetoprotein to detect hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients with focal hepatic lesions was evaluated in this study. Subject and methods Eighty participants were recruited from the Egyptian National Liver Institute and were self-assigned to three groups, namely, focal hepatic lesions (n = 40), liver cirrhosis (n = 20), and controls (n = 20). Participants' plasma osteopontin and serum alpha fetoprotein levels were determined and were compared across the three groups. Results The discriminatory ability of plasma osteopontin for hepatocellular carcinoma was lower than that of alpha fetoprotein. Osteopontin and alpha fetoprotein were not correlated with each other. Neither the gender nor the age of the patients showed a significant association with plasma osteopontin level. Conclusion Measuring plasma osteopontin level alone has no advantage over serum alpha fetoprotein in patients with focal hepatic lesions due to chronic liver disease.

Correlation between FNAC and Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Md Nazmul Haque ◽  
Mahmudul Amin Sakik ◽  
Mohammad Ashequr Rahman Bhuiyan ◽  
Moshammat Fatima Akhter ◽  
Saif Rahman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Female Male Female ◽  
Record Review ◽  
Thyroid Lesions

Objective: To observe the correlation between fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and Histopathology in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. Methods:It was a Retrospective record review study .One hundred four (104) Patients with enlarged thyroid gland of both sexes were selected from admitted patients of National institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Duration was from January 2017 to December 2018. Every patients had preoperative FNAC & postoperative histopathology report of thyroid lesions. Results: FNACdiagnosis of thyroid lesions were correlated with histopathology diagnosis. Out of 104 patients 26 were male 78 were female. Male-Female ratio were 1:3.out of 104 patients most Patients were 31 to 40 years of ageGroup.out of 104 cases of FNAC 9 cases were false Cyto-diagnosis. Overall accuracy rate was 91.35%. Conclusion: FNAC is a reliable, safe and relatively accurate method as apreoperative evaluationin thyroid gland swelling before surgery. FNAC has more accuracy in detecting thyroid gland malignancy and therefore it is a reliable diagnostic test for evaluation of thyroid swelling. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2021; 27(1): 81-85

scholarly journals Role of FNAC in evaluation of Parotid Gland Swelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Krisna Rani Majumder ◽  
Syed Serajul Karim ◽  
Md Monjurul Alam ◽  
Rajan Karmakar ◽  
Abu Taher Md Ashaduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Parotid Neoplasm ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Histopathology Finding ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Objectives: To find out the histological types of parotid neoplasm and to correlate thefindings of FNAC and final histological report in parotid gland neoplasm. Methods: A total 30 cases were studied from the inpatient departments of General Surgeryand Otolaryngology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka sinceJuly, 2011 to April, 2013. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) was done in all cases andcompared with histopathology finding of postoperative specimen. Result: Regarding sex distribution benign neoplasm in female 13 (56.52%) and in male10(43.47%). As to the malignant parotid neoplasm in female 4(57.14%) and in male3(42.85%). All parotid neoplasm male: female ratio 1:1.3. Two cases involved in deep lobeof parotid & presented with inward and forward bulging of tonsil and pillars. Three cases ofwarthin'stumour only presented with swelling in the tail of parotid gland. In this series outof 30 cases of parotid neoplasm 23 (76.66%) cases were benign and rest 07 (23.33%)were malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign neoplasm 20(66.66%). Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma was most common malignancy 3 (10%) followed byadenoid cystic carcinoma 2 (6.66%). Out of 7, 3 were stage 3(42.85%) and 3 were stage4(42.85%). In histological grading 3 were low grade (42.85%) and 4 were high grade(57.14%). All the patient werepartotidectomy. Few were treated by radical parotidectomyplus radiotherapy. Conclusion: Though it is a small series to comment on the whole spectrum of the parotidgland neoplasm in Bangladesh, yet an idea about the frequency of disease can be establishedbut actual incidence in Bangladesh as a whole can not be ascertained from thisstudy. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2016) Vol. 20 (1) : 7-12

scholarly journals Diagnostic outcome of fine needle aspiration cytology in 400 cases of head and neck masses in tertiary care center

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alpesh V. Patel ◽  
Nehal R. Patel ◽  
Payal R. Vadher ◽  
Manali B. Kakadia
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Head And Neck Masses ◽  
Thyroid Lesions

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to identify various lesions of neck swellings and to study their distributions according<strong> </strong>to age, sex and site and to find out distribution of malignant, inflammatory and infective lesions in neck swellings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The prospective study was conducted in the department of ENT, SCL General<strong> </strong>Hospital, NHL MMC, Saraspur, Ahmedabad from July 2014 to July 2016. All indoor and outdoor 400 patients of SCL hospital presenting with palpable head and neck swellings were referred to the cytology section at SCL hospital for FNAC and included in present study.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study out of 400 cases, lymph nodes constituted 276 cases with female<strong> </strong>preponderance. Among the inflammatory lesions, commonest lesion was tuberculosis which comprised of 147 cases followed by 64 cases of reactive lymphadenitis. In thyroid lesions the male: female ratio was 1:18, with maximum incidence in age group of 20-50 years. Total 95 cases were observed, out of which benign thyroid lesions (Bethesda grade II) were most common (92.63%). Salivary gland comprised of 11 cases, Out of 10 benign neoplastic lesions, 9 cases of pleomorphic adenoma and 1 cases of Warthin’s tumor were found.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> FNAC is a very simple and expeditious procedure which can be carried out without much<strong> </strong>problem. It reduces the necessities to perform excisions biopsy in many cases. Thus, FNAC can be recommended as a first line of investigation in the diagnosis of neck swellings and can be adopted as an outpatient procedure, thus reducing the cost and time of hospitalization.</p>

scholarly journals A Clinical Study on Salivary Gland Tumours in a Tertiary Health Care Setup

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (49) ◽  
pp. 2918-2922
Author(s):  
Sreekanth Kotagiri ◽  
Ajay Chanakya Vallabhaneni ◽  
Sumanth Prasad Mandava ◽  
Manikanta Chowdary ◽  
Tarun Chowdary Gogineni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumours ◽  
Modes Of Presentation ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND Salivary gland (SG) neoplasms are rare, constitute of 3 - 4 % of head and neck tumours. 70 - 80 % of SG neoplasms occur in parotid gland. These are unique in the way they present, generally slow growing. A study was conducted to analyse various modes of presentation of SG tumours and to review the role of FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) in the diagnosis of SG tumours. METHODS This was a prospective study, conducted in the department of surgical oncology, October 2016 to July 2018. Individuals aged >18 years, came with swelling of the SGs were considered. Swellings that were not neoplasms, the individuals with inflammatory or infections of SGs, autoimmune diseases were excluded. Statistical analysis were performed by SPSS software version-21 and MS excel 2013. RESULTS Out of 40 participants, male female ratio was 2.07. The age was ranged between 31 – 70 years, maximum (80 %) members were in 41 – 60 group. Parotid gland was the most commonly followed by submandibular gland (20 %). Swelling alone was observed in 82.5 % (33) cases, two cases (5 %) presented with swelling along with pain with facial nerve involvement. CONCLUSIONS SG tumours occur in 4th to 6th decade, common among men. Parotid gland is most frequently involved, most often benign. FNAC had good accuracy in diagnosis and surgery is the main modality of treatment. KEYWORDS Salivary Gland, Tumour, Neoplasms, FNAC

ROLE OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) IN BONE TUMORS AND TUMOR LIKE LESIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Ragini Kumari ◽  
Vikash M. Harinandan ◽  
Kunal Shankar ◽  
Ajit Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Background: FNAC is considered an important procedure in the diagnosis of bone tumors because of its high accuracy. In our study FNA was performed in patients to study the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of bone tumors and to evaluate its usefulness as a diagnostic modality. Methods: Fine needle aspiration was performed on 54 patients whose age ranged between 5 – 75 years with a male to female ratio 1.84 :1 presented with various bone lesions. The bone lesions included 42 (78%) primary lesions, 5 (9.3%) metastatic deposits and 7 (12. 7%) malignancy of related structures involving the bone. Results: 47 biopsy specimens were available for cytohistological correlation and cytological ndings of 45 cases correlated with histopathology. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 95.92%, with 100% sensitivity and specicity. The predictive values of positive as well as negative test were 100%. Conclusions:Thus FNAwas found to be a safe and an extremely useful, rapid method in the preliminary diagnosis of bone lesions.

Reasons for Failure of Physical Examination in Breast Cancer Detection (Analysis of 232 False-Negative Cases)

1983 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Cardona ◽  
Luigi Cataliotti ◽  
Stefano Ciatto ◽  
Marco Rosselli Del Turco
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

The diagnostic role of physical examination (PE) is evaluated in 1450 cases of breast cancer detected in 34,677 women controlled at the Centro per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica in the period 1974–1981. In 47 cancer cases, PE findings were normal since the neoplasm was not clinically palpable because of its size and site, and in another 185 cases the clinical diagnosis was benignancy without evidence of suspect signs. Therefore, the overall sensitivity of PE was 84%. PE errors did not involve a therapeutic delay for the patient in 75% of cases in which a biopsy was recommended for clinical benignancy or for suspicion on the basis of other diagnostic methods. The present study confirms that PE has a good diagnostic sensitivity when the examined population is represented by self-referred women, who for the most part are symptomatic, whereas it cannot be considered as the only diagnostic test for early diagnosis in mass screening, since in asymptomatic women a large number of cancers are not clinically palpable. Moreover, PE shows lower sensitivity for small lesions and in younger women. Extensive use of fine needle aspiration cytology and other diagnostic methods in association with PE is therefore recommended to reduce the possibility of errors.

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