scholarly journals Quality of Radar Direction-Finding via Conical Scanning

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
A. D. Pluzhnikov ◽  
L. V. Kogteva ◽  
E. N. Pribludova ◽  
S. B. Sidorov ◽  
E. G. Chuzhaykin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Object Tracking ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Direction Finding ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Tracking Errors ◽  
Dynamic Tracking ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Variance Estimate ◽  
Angular Coordinates

Introduction. Conical scanning is applied for optimizing hardware resources in new devices, as well as when upgrading existing systems. All this explains the relevance of studying this type of direction finding systems.Aim. To adjust and complement the known calculation relations for the variance of direction finding results – an indicator of the quality (accuracy) of direction finding, as well as to determine the possibilities of optimizing direction finding and automatic object tracking processes.Materials and methods. Factors limiting the accuracy of direction finding via conical scanning were analyzed using spectral analysis. Mathematical modeling followed by statistical processing of quantitative results makes it possible to determine the conditions under which the influence of certain factors is predominant, as well as the conditions under which adjustment (completion) of the known calculation relations is required. The specified conditions are the errors at which the objects of direction finding are tracked. New calculation relations for the mentioned adjustment were determined by the methods of statistical radio engineering.Results. The validity of the calculation relations found is confirmed by mathematical modeling. Calculations and modeling lead to the need to optimize parameters for automatic object tracking systems.Conclusion. The study shows that, when choosing parameters for auto-tracking systems with conical scanning, it is important to implement object tracking not with minimal, but rather with optimized tracking errors in angular coordinates, which are to be estimated during direction finding. Moreover, the optimized errors (the values of static errors and the most probable values of the dynamic tracking errors) will require adjustment of the known analytical estimates for the variance of the direction finding results – the qualitative indicator of the direction finder (accuracy indicator). The determined analytical relationships allow such an adjustment to be performed, leading to an increased variance estimate by 10 dB.

Mathematical modeling in MATLAB used as a technology for the development and the debugging of complex multiloop optoelectronic angular tracking systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Karachunskij ◽  
A. V. Nazarenko ◽  
A. V. Semenov ◽  
A. S. Buruhin ◽  
A. O. Skvorcov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Tracking Systems

GPS Receiver Performance Enhancement via Inertial Velocity Aiding

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dah-Jing Jwo
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Gps Receiver ◽  
Tracking Loop ◽  
Tracking Errors ◽  
Dynamic Tracking ◽  
Tracking Loops ◽  
Receiver Performance ◽  
Velocity Information ◽  
Lock In

An integrated GPS/INS navigation system can employ inertial velocity information to produce a more robust system. For a stand-alone GPS receiver, decreasing the receiver tracking loop bandwidth reduces the probability of losing lock in a jamming or interference environment if vehicle dynamics are low. However, reduced bandwidth increases tracking errors when dynamics are present. Beyond a certain limit, it causes a serious degradation in the dynamic tracking loop performance. Providing inertial velocity aiding to the receiver tracking loops is an effective and popular treatment to help resolve this problem. In this paper, performance of the GPS receiver tracking loops using inertial velocity aiding will be investigated. Different types of tracking loops, from 1st to 3rd order, are covered. Following the discussion of the system architecture and derivation of the related transfer functions for the tracking loops, both with and without aiding, the system performance, including transient response, steady-state error, and noise bandwidth is evaluated.

scholarly journals Analysis of the stability of automatic tracking of super maneuvering air objects by radio technical tracking systems of the multichannel radar

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Oleh Strutsinsky ◽  
Volodymyr Karlov ◽  
Andrii Kovalchuk ◽  
Mykola Barkhudaryan ◽  
Viktor Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Observation Model ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Target Movement ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Angular Coordinates ◽  
Measurement Period

Multichannel tracking radars with phased antenna arrays are widely used to track air targets. The use of a phased array in combination with digital computing technology allows to control the radar radiation pattern and track several targets in the time distribution mode. Air target tracking in a multichannel radar is provided by subsystems for measuring range, radial velocity and angular coordinates, in most cases, without adaptation to the external influence characteristics. When tracking supermaneuverable air targets, such as 5th and so-called 4++ generation fighters, there is a decrease in the accuracy and stability of tracking relative to the area without maneuver. If the tracking system algorithms are tuned to a low intensity of maneuvering or its absence, a significant increase in the error of tracking the aircraft in the maneuvering section will lead to disruption of auto tracking due to a significant dynamic component of the error. The stability of auto-tracking of maneuvering targets by subsystems of range, radial velocity, and angular coordinates with fixed parameters for the case when the setting of the parameters of the tracking system algorithms coincide with the characteristics of the external influence is analyzes in the paper. The influence of the observation model parameters, the stochastic model of the target movement with exponentially correlated values of the target acceleration, and the measurement period of the target coordinates on the potential tracking accuracy by radio technical tracking systems of the multichannel radar is investigated. To assess the stability of auto-tracking, it is proposed to use the equivalent aperture size of the discriminating characteristic. The influence of the parameters of the target movement stochastic model, the observation model, and the measurement period of the target coordinates on the stability of auto-tracking in terms of range, radial velocity, and angular coordinates is estimated. It is shown that the "weak link" is the radial velocity tracking system. As a result of the research carried out, it becomes possible to further assess the feasibility of adapting the auto-tracking systems to the target maneuvering characteristics and to develop recommendations for choosing the measurement period of the target coordinates.

scholarly journals The ATS-F/NIMBUS-E Tracking Experiment

1972 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. von Bun
Keyword(s):  
Integration Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Tracking Errors ◽  
Original Intent ◽  
Laser Tracking ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Error Analyses ◽  
Range Rate

In this paper the objective of the ATS-F/NIMBUS-E Tracking Experiment, the first of such kind, is presented. Specifically, this experiment has a two-fold purpose: First, to gain experience in the practical use of satellite-to-satellite range and range rate data for very accurate orbit determination (this was its original intent); and second, to evaluate the real usefulness of such a technique for geodetic studies despite the fact that the 1000 km NIMBUS orbit is not ideally suited for such a purpose.The accuracies of the tracking systems of the satellite-to-satellite and satellite-to-ground link (ATS-F to the Rosman, N.C. ground station) will be ~ 0.035 cm/s in range rate and ~ 1 m in range – utilizing a 10 s integration time. With these values one obtains, based upon performed error analyses, orbit height errors in the order of 0.1 to 0.3 m for the near earth orbiting NIMBUS spacecraft. This experiment will therefore hopefully prove to be a significant first step for future Earth applications spacecraft carrying altimeters systems for measuring ocean height variations.In addition, laser corner reflectors placed on board the ATS-F will make a total independent position determination of this spacecraft to approximately 15 m to 30 m possible, assuming that the location errors of four laser tracking stations used to determine the orbit are about 3 m or 5 m in each component respectively, with laser ranging system noise errors of 1.2 m and bias errors of 0.15 m. A small position error of the ATS-F, the ‘orbiting tracking station’ is essential in order to make full usage of the small satellite-to-satellite tracking errors mentioned.For purpose of geodetic studies, one of the final goals, range rate variations of 0.1 cm/s or less corresponding to surface gravity anomaly of 20 mgal or less (over a half-width of 100 km on the Earth surface), will have to be measured during a time interval of approximately, say, 30–60 s. These values are within the range of the planned tracking systems accuracies for ATS-F and NIMBUS-E.

Dynamic Object Tracking Based on KAZE Features and Particle Filter

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 2702-2706
Author(s):  
Ying Xia ◽  
Xin Hao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Filter ◽  
Object Tracking ◽  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Object Model ◽  
Dynamic Object ◽  
Color Features ◽  
Dynamic Tracking ◽  
Object Appearance ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

Accuracy and stability is crucial for dynamic object tracking. Considering the scale invariance, rotational invariance and strong anti-jamming capability of KAZE features, a method of dynamic object tracking based on KAZE features and particle filter is proposed. This method obtains the global color features of the dynamic object appearance and extracts its local KAZE features to construct the object model first, and then performs dynamic tracking by particle filter. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Hybrid Multi-Domain Analytical and Data-Driven Modeling for Feed Systems in Machine Tools

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaiwu Mei ◽  
Jianwan Ding ◽  
Liping Chen ◽  
Ting Pi ◽  
Zaidao Mei
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Feed System ◽  
Tracking Errors ◽  
Dynamic Tracking ◽  
Data Driven Modeling

Position error-compensation control in the servo system of computerized numerical control (CNC) machine tools relies on accurate prediction of dynamic tracking errors of the machine tool feed system. In this paper, in order to accurately predict dynamic tracking errors, a hybrid modeling method is proposed and a dynamic model of the ball screw feed system is developed. Firstly, according to the law of conservation of energy, a complete multi-domain system analytical model of a ball screw feed system was established based on energy flow. In order to overcome the uncertainties of the analytical model, then the data-driven model based on the back propagation (BP) neural network was established and trained using experimental data. Finally, the data-driven model was coupled with the multi-domain analytical model and the hybrid model was developed. The model was verified by experiment at different velocities and the results show that the prediction accuracy of the hybrid model reaches high levels. The hybrid modeling method combines the advantages of analytical modeling and data-driven modeling methods, and can significantly improve the feed system’s modeling accuracy. The research results of this paper are of great significance to improve the compensation control accuracy of CNC machine tools.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document