Multifunzionalitŕ e sviluppo rurale in Africa: un'analisi a livello household

2009 ◽  
pp. 31-63
Author(s):  
Filippo Arfini ◽  
Fabio Landini
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Lp Model

- This work offers an interpretation of the role that multifunctionality plays in the policies that sustain rural development. Assuming as a reference the livelihood approach, we analyse multifunctionality within a framework which differs from the usual Wto negotiations. We reappraise its significance as a variable that reinforces the livelihood strategies of the rural households. In terms of policy design we analyse the costs of the secondary services and the variables that allow for their reduction. A quantitative evaluation is then carried out on the basis of an LP model taking a multifunctional farm in Africa. The results obtained are that: multifunctionality is very costly; most of the private costs of multifunctionality are due to constraints on specialisation in production; both coupled and de-coupled payment sustain multifunctionality but in different ways; technological progress is a key variable for economic sustainability.EconLit Classification: C020, Q010, Q120, Q180Keywords: Multifunctionality, Rural Development, Livelihood Approach, Linear Programming

Payments for environmental services and rural livelihood strategies in Ecuador and Guatemala

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS SOUTHGATE ◽  
TIMOTHY HAAB ◽  
JOHN LUNDINE ◽  
FABIÁN RODRÍGUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Individual Strategies

ABSTRACTPresented in this paper are the results of two contingent valuation analyses, one undertaken in Ecuador and the other in Guatemala, of potential payments for environmental services (PES) directed toward rural households. We find that minimum compensation demanded by these households is far from uniform, depending in particular on individual strategies for raising incomes and dealing with risks. Our findings strengthen the case for allowing conservation payments to vary among recipients, which would be a departure from the current norm for PES initiatives in Latin America.

scholarly journals From Linear Programming Model to Mixed Integer Linear Programming Model for the Simultaneous Optimisation of Water Allocation and Reservoir Location in River Systems

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Veintimilla-Reyes ◽  
Annelies De Meyer ◽  
Dirk Cattrysse ◽  
Jos Van Orshoven
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Network Flow ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Linear Programming Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Network Configuration ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Lp Model

The allocation of water flowing through a river-with-reservoirs system to optimally meet spatially distributed and temporally variable demands can be conceived as a Network Flow Optimisation (NFO) problem and addressed by Linear Programming (LP). In this paper we present an extension of the strategic NFO-LP model to simultaneously optimise the allocation of water and the location of one or more reservoirs. The applicability of the MILP model has been illustrated by applying it to a hypothetical river network configuration consisting of seven candidate reservoir nodes and seven demand nodes, and by comparing the outcome (water levels in selected reservoir, penalties) with the values obtained by the original LP-model for the same network with six reservoirs present.

scholarly journals The energy trilemma in the policy design of the electricity market

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (194) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Jaime Franco Cardona ◽  
Mónica Castañeda Riascos ◽  
Alejandro Valencia Arias ◽  
Jonathan Bermúdez Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Security Of Supply ◽  
Section 8 ◽  
Market Competitiveness ◽  
Environmental Goals

The energy "Trilemma" seeks to develop an electricity market which simultaneously ensures environmental quality, security of supply, and economic sustainability. The objective of this paper is to present the "Trilemma" energy as the latest trend in the design of energy policy. For this, a theoretical framework is presented in sections 2 and 3, in section 4 and 5 the importance of security of supply and economic sustainability are discussed, respectively. In section 6 the energy "trilemma" is presented, in section 7 a brief state of the art is showed. Finally in section 8, it is approached three different electricity markets. It is concluded that the regulator has passed in recent years from encouraging a liberalized market scheme, to promote a scheme based on intervention through policies that affect the market competitiveness but allow achieving its environmental goals.

Uses of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Agriculture and Rural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing M. Maumbe ◽  
Julius Okello
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Sub Saharan

This paper presents a framework of the evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) applications in agriculture and rural development based on comparative experiences of South Africa and Kenya. The framework posits that full deployment of ICT in agriculture and rural development will be a culmination of several phases of changes that starts with e-government policy design, development and implementation. The paper argues that ICT use in agriculture and rural development is a powerful instrument for improving agricultural and rural development and standards of living throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. However, success in greater application of ICT in agriculture will require addressing impediments to adoption and diffusion. Such impediments include the lack of awareness, low literacy, infrastructure deficiencies (e.g. lack of electricity to charge electronic gadgets), language and cultural barriers in ICT usage, the low e-inclusivity and the need to cater for the special needs of some users. The paper reviews successful applications of ICT in agriculture and urges greater use of ICT-based interventions in agriculture as a vehicle for spurring rural development in Africa.

scholarly journals Energy- and Environment-Biased Technological Progress Induced by Different Types of Environmental Regulations in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7486
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Zhou ◽  
Ming Xia ◽  
Teng Zhang ◽  
Juntao Du
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Economic Developments

With the increasing pressure of energy exhaustion and environmental degradation, environmental regulation is considered as a strategy to achieve sustainable development. This paper specifically analyzes the mechanism of multi-dimensional environmental regulations on energy- and environment-biased technological progress, and empirically detects the differentiated impacts using China’s panel data from the period 2000–2016, employing the generalized method of moments (GMM) and a dynamic threshold model. The results reveal that: (1) command-and-control regulation (CCR) promotes energy-saving and pollution abatement technological progress. Market-based regulation (MBR) stimulates energy-saving technological progress, while informal regulation (IR) only accelerates environment conservation technological progress. (2) There are threshold effects on the relationship of environmental regulations and biased technological progress. With economic developments, CCR and MBR have positive effects on energy- and environment-related technological progress, whilst IR fails to promote backstop and pollution abatement technological progress. The clear diversity in the impacts of different environment regulations on biased technological progress provides new insights for the optimal future policy design.

scholarly journals Livelihood Strategies of Rural Households in Ning’er Earthquake-Stricken Areas, Yunnan Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benyong Wei ◽  
Guiwu Su ◽  
Yingkui Li ◽  
Yuling Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Livelihood Strategy ◽  
Livelihood Assets ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
The Status ◽  
Social Capitals ◽  
The Relationship

Natural hazards not only cause direct losses of household income and assets but also affect the choice and outcome of livelihood strategies. Based on the questionnaire survey from 2007 on Mw 6.1 Ning’er earthquake-hit areas in Southwest China, we analyzed the relationship between livelihood assets (or capitals) and livelihood strategies of local rural households and identified the main factors influencing the choice of livelihood strategy. The results indicate that statistically significant differences exist in livelihood assets among livelihood strategies. The choice of livelihood strategies is affected significantly by the status of livelihood assets. High financial capitals enable households to engage in higher-returns or capital-intensive livelihood activities. Improving vocational education and skills training for rural residents, especially for the youth, is also important in developing new livelihood strategies beyond their traditional lifestyle. Higher social capitals provide households the opportunity to select a higher return and income livelihood strategy. In addition, as part of efforts to enhance physical capitals, housing construction planning and technical guidance are of critical importance to improve the anti-seismic performance of rural buildings and decrease their livelihood risk in earthquake-prone areas. It is important for farmers to improve and diversify their livelihood strategies according to regional geographical environment and the comparative advantages of their own livelihood assets.

Foulke Consumer Products, Inc.: The Southeast Region

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Robert L. Carraway ◽  
William Hosler
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Facility Location ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Location Model ◽  
Distribution Problem ◽  
Southeast Region ◽  
The Core ◽  
Lp Model

At the core of this case is a distribution, or sourcing, problem that can be modeled and solved using linear programming (LP). There are also issues of whether to build (a) new plant(s)––and if so, what the capacity should be––and whether to expand or close one or more of the existing plants. These latter issues can be analyzed using a 0/1 LP facility-location model. Alternatively, because the number of options is limited, they can be analyzed using the straight LP model of the distribution problem as a tool to facilitate analysis.

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