scholarly journals Estimation of pest resistance of the sunflower intrastem pest complex

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
A.V. Fokin ◽  
S.Yu. Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Pest Resistance

USE OF CELL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC MANIPULATION TO IMPROVE PASTURE PLANTS

1988 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
D.W.R. White
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pasture Plants

Cell culture and genetic engineering techniques can be used to develop improved pasture plants. To utilise these methods we have developed procedures for regenerating plants from tissue cultures of perennial ryegrass and white clover. In both, the plant genotype influences regeneration capacity. There was significant genetic variation among regenerated perennial ryegrass plants in a wide range of characteristics. Most of the regenerants were resIstant to crown rust and this trait was highly heritable. This rust resistance is being used to breed a new ryegrass cultivar. A system for introducing cloned genes into white clover is described. This capability is bemg used to incorporate genes with the potential to improve nutritional quality and pest resistance. Other possibilities for engineering genetic improvements in white clover, genes conferring herbicide tolerance and resistance to white clover mosaic virus, are briefly outlined. Keywords: Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, cell culture, somaclonal variation, crown rust resistance, transformation, cloned genes, nutritional quality, proteinase inhibitors, Bt toxins, pest resistance, WCMV viral cross-protection, herbicide tolerance, Agrobacterium, Bacillus thuringenisis.

Pleiotropic Effects of the tr Trichomeless Gene in Pearl Millet on Transpiration, Forage Quality, and Pest Resistance 1

Crop Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Burton ◽  
W. W. Hanna ◽  
J. C. Johnson ◽  
D. B. Leuck ◽  
W. G. Monson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Pleiotropic Effects

Registration of N.S. 72 P2, N.S. 75 P2, N.S. 78 P2, and N.S. 81 P2PA1SAA1 Alfalfa Germplasms with Multiple Pest Resistance

Crop Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002-1003
Author(s):  
W. R. Kehr ◽  
D. K. Barnes ◽  
F. I. Frosheiser ◽  
G. R. Manglitz
Keyword(s):  
Pest Resistance

scholarly journals Introgression of the sesquiterpene biosynthesis from Solanum habrochaites to cultivated tomato offers insights into trichome morphology and arthropod resistance

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Therezan ◽  
Ruy Kortbeek ◽  
Eloisa Vendemiatti ◽  
Saioa Legarrea ◽  
Severino M. de Alencar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Cavity Size ◽  
Solanum Habrochaites ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Internal Storage ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Trichome Morphology

Abstract Main conclusion Cultivated tomatoes harboring the plastid-derived sesquiterpenes from S. habrochaites have altered type-VI trichome morphology and unveil additional genetic components necessary for piercing-sucking pest resistance. Abstract Arthropod resistance in the tomato wild relative Solanum habrochaites LA1777 is linked to specific sesquiterpene biosynthesis. The Sesquiterpene synthase 2 (SsT2) gene cluster on LA1777 chromosome 8 controls plastid-derived sesquiterpene synthesis. The main genes at SsT2 are Z-prenyltransferase (zFPS) and Santalene and Bergamotene Synthase (SBS), which produce α-santalene, β-bergamotene, and α-bergamotene in LA1777 round-shaped type-VI glandular trichomes. Cultivated tomatoes have mushroom-shaped type-VI trichomes with much smaller glands that contain low levels of monoterpenes and cytosolic-derived sesquiterpenes, not presenting the same pest resistance as in LA1777. We successfully transferred zFPS and SBS from LA1777 to cultivated tomato (cv. Micro-Tom, MT) by a backcrossing approach. The trichomes of the MT-Sst2 introgressed line produced high levels of the plastid-derived sesquiterpenes. The type-VI trichome internal storage-cavity size increased in MT-Sst2, probably as an effect of the increased amount of sesquiterpenes, although it was not enough to mimic the round-shaped LA1777 trichomes. The presence of high amounts of plastid-derived sesquiterpenes was also not sufficient to confer resistance to various tomato piercing-sucking pests, indicating that the effect of the sesquiterpenes found in the wild S. habrochaites can be insect specific. Our results provide for a better understanding of the morphology of S. habrochaites type-VI trichomes and paves the way to obtain insect-resistant tomatoes.

Disease and pest resistance in grains of sorghum and millets

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chandrashekar ◽  
K.V. Satyanarayana
Keyword(s):  
Pest Resistance

scholarly journals The Gossypium stocksii genome as a novel resource for cotton improvement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrinne E Grover ◽  
Daojun Yuan ◽  
Mark A Arick ◽  
Emma R Miller ◽  
Guanjing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cotton Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
Wild Cotton ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Cotton is an important textile crop whose gains in production over the last century have been challenged by various diseases. Because many modern cultivars are susceptible to several pests and pathogens, breeding efforts have included attempts to introgress wild, naturally resistant germplasm into elite lines. Gossypium stocksii is a wild cotton species native to Africa, which is part of a clade of vastly understudied species. Most of what is known about this species comes from pest resistance surveys and/or breeding efforts, which suggests that G. stocksii could be a valuable reservoir of natural pest resistance. Here we present a high-quality de novo genome sequence for G. stocksii. We compare the G. stocksii genome with resequencing data from a closely related, understudied species (G. somalense) to generate insight into the relatedness of these cotton species. Finally, we discuss the utility of the G. stocksii genome for understanding pest resistance in cotton, particularly resistance to cotton leaf curl virus.

The effect of potassium silicate on pest resistance and postharvest longevity in chrysanthemum plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Leonardo Camata ◽  
Diana Gonçalves Costa ◽  
Dalila da Costa Gonçalves ◽  
Ramon Amaro de Sales ◽  
Evandro Chaves de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Postharvest Longevity
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