Psychopathic features, paired-associate learning, and lexical decision-making in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Susann Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Screening Device

This thesis explored potential links between psychopathic features and difficulties with abstract semantic processing in a clinical convenience sample of children aged 6 through 11. Correlational analyses investigated relationships between parent-reported Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) and Inventory of Callous-Unemotional (ICU) scores, and differences in children's concrete versus abstract performance on paired-associate (PA) and lexical decision (LD) tasks. The expected positive correlations with callous-unemotional traits were not found. However, parent-reported APSD impulsivity, APSD total, and ICU total scores were negatively correlated with differences in LD accuracy. The analyses failed to reveal anticipated differences between concrete and abstract task performance. While the null findings suggest numerous issues with the study protocol, several solutions are proposed, and the importance of measuring the sub-factors of psychopathy (impulsivity, narcissism, CU traits) in future investigations of child cognitive functioning was emphasized.

scholarly journals Psychopathic features, paired-associate learning, and lexical decision-making in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Susann Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Screening Device

This thesis explored potential links between psychopathic features and difficulties with abstract semantic processing in a clinical convenience sample of children aged 6 through 11. Correlational analyses investigated relationships between parent-reported Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) and Inventory of Callous-Unemotional (ICU) scores, and differences in children's concrete versus abstract performance on paired-associate (PA) and lexical decision (LD) tasks. The expected positive correlations with callous-unemotional traits were not found. However, parent-reported APSD impulsivity, APSD total, and ICU total scores were negatively correlated with differences in LD accuracy. The analyses failed to reveal anticipated differences between concrete and abstract task performance. While the null findings suggest numerous issues with the study protocol, several solutions are proposed, and the importance of measuring the sub-factors of psychopathy (impulsivity, narcissism, CU traits) in future investigations of child cognitive functioning was emphasized.

Callous-unemotional Traits: Verhaltensprobleme und prosoziales Verhalten bei Kindergartenkindern

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Koglin ◽  
Franz Petermann
Keyword(s):  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Prosoziales Verhalten ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Screening Device

Callous-unemotional Traits (CU-Traits) stellen in der emotionalen Entwicklung Abweichungen dar, wie mangelnde Empathie oder ein oberflächlicher Affekt und gehören zu den Kernmerkmalen der Psychopathy. Aus einer entwicklungspsychopathologischen Sichtweise wird in der vorliegenden Studie untersucht, ob diese affektiven Merkmale bereits bei Kindern im Kindergartenalter zu identifizieren sind und sie mit Verhaltensproblemen, besonders mit externalisierenden Verhaltensproblemen, im Zusammenhang stehen. Anhand einer Stichprobe mit 311 Kindern (durchschnittlich 5;0 Jahre) wird die Anzahl der Kinder mit Callous-unemotional-Traits (CU-Traits), erfasst mit dem „Antisocial Process Screening Device“ (APSD), identifiziert. Es werden quer- und längsschnittliche Zusammenhange zwischen CU-Traits und Erlebens- und Verhaltensprobleme (SDQ) dargestellt. 23,3 % der Kinder weisen erhöhte Werte auf der Skala CU-Traits auf. Jüngere Kinder erreichen höhere Werte, so dass normative Entwicklungseinflüsse nahe gelegt werden. Es zeigen sich eindeutige Beziehungen zwischen CU-Traits und Verhaltensproblemen sowie negative Korrelationen zu prosozialem Verhalten. In der längsschnittlichen Analyse über ein Jahr erweisen sich CU-Traits als Prädiktor für Verhaltensprobleme. Ein spezifischer Zusammenhang zwischen aggressivem Verhalten und CU-Traits kann nicht aufgezeigt werden. CU-Traits stehen besonders mit einem Defizit prosozialen Verhaltens in Verbindung. Es wird diskutiert, ob CU-Traits bei jungen Kindern dazu geeignet sind, aggressive Kinder frühzeitig zu identifizieren.

scholarly journals A psychometric and validity study of callous-unemotional traits in 2.5 year old children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Wright ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Helen Sharp ◽  
Jonathan Hill
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Screening Device

AbstractCallous-unemotional (CU) traits are associated with severe and stable antisocial behaviour in childhood and adolescence. In order to understand the earliest origins of CU traits we need first to know whether measurement is reliable and valid in young children. This study evaluated the psychometric properties and validity of a CU traits measure generated from existing child problem behaviour scales at age 2.5 years. The participants were members of an epidemiological longitudinal study starting in pregnancy. Items from the Antisocial Process Screening Device and other problem behaviour scales were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modelling was used to test whether age 2.5 CU traits showed incremental validity in predicting aggression at age 5. The CU measure showed acceptable psychometric properties, factorial invariance by sex and good stability. Incremental prediction to later aggression was evident in girls, whereas boys showed strong continuity in aggression not found for girls.

scholarly journals Do incarcerated male juvenile recidivists differ from first-time offenders on self-reported psychopathic traits? A retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pechorro ◽  
Teresa Braga ◽  
James V. Ray ◽  
Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves ◽  
Henrik Andershed
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Crime Seriousness ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Screening Device ◽  
First Time

The current study analyzed the relation between recidivism and self-reported psychopathic traits, more specifically the callous-unemotional, impulsivity, and narcissism dimensions of the psychopathy construct. The Antisocial Process Screening Device – Self-Report (APSD-SR) and other self-report instruments independently measuring the three different dimensions of psychopathy (that is, Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, Narcissistic Personality-13) were completed by a sample of incarcerated male juvenile offenders ( N = 244) who were retrospectively classified as recidivists versus non-recidivists. The only statistically significant relation found between recidivism and self-reported psychopathic traits after controlling for age and socioeconomic status was with the impulsivity dimension of the APSD-SR. Additionally, results showed that recidivism was associated with alcohol use but not with drug use or crime seriousness.

scholarly journals Measurement of callous-unemotional traits in very young children: a psychometric and validity study from 2.5 to 5.0 years

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Wright ◽  
Helen Sharp ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Jonathan Hill
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Screening Device

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are associated with severe and stable antisocial behaviour in childhood and adolescence. In order to understand the earliest origins of CU traits we need first to know whether the construct and measures are valid in young children. This study evaluated the psychometric properties and validity of a CU traits measure at age 2.5 years. The participants (N = 775) were members of an epidemiological longitudinal study starting in pregnancy. Items from the Antisocial Process Screening Device and other problem behaviour scales were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modelling was used to test whether age 2.5 CU traits showed incremental validity in predicting aggression at age 5. The CU measure showed acceptable psychometric properties, factorial invariance by sex and good stability. Incremental prediction to later aggression was evident in girls, whereas boys showed strong continuity in aggression not found for girls.

Verbal Fluency, Free Recall, and Paired-Associate Learning Speed

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-660
Author(s):  
James G. Greeno
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Word List ◽  
Paired Associate Learning ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Verbal Skills ◽  
Learning Speed ◽  
List Learning ◽  
Positive Correlations

This study investigated the relation between performance in paired-associate learning and other verbal skills (verbal fluency to word and nonsense stimuli, recall of a word list). Ss learned two lists of word-CVC pairs. Significant positive correlations were found between fluency measures and learning of both lists. Recall scores were similarly correlated with second-list, but not first-list, learning.

scholarly journals Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Antisocial Process Screening Device

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (16) ◽  
pp. 1856-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pechorro ◽  
Victoria Hidalgo ◽  
Cristina Nunes ◽  
Lucía Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Juvenile Offender ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Screening Device ◽  
Forensic Sample

The main aim of the present study was to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and some additional psychometric properties of the Antisocial Process Screening Device–Self-Report (APSD-SR) among a large forensic sample of incarcerated male juvenile offenders ( N = 438). The results, based on this forensic sample, support the use of the APSD-SR in terms of its factor structure, and internal consistency despite the fact an item had to be removed from the callous-unemotional (CU) dimension. Statistically significant positive associations were found with measures of psychopathic traits, CU traits, narcissism, and aggression, as well as negative associations with a measure of empathy. Findings provide support for the use of the APSD-SR among the incarcerated male juvenile offender population.

scholarly journals The Persian Self-Report Version of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD-P): A Psychometric Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ebrahimi ◽  
Mojtaba Elhami Athar ◽  
Mona Darvishi ◽  
Olivier F. Colins
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Screening Device

The self-report version of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) is a commonly used tool for assessing psychopathic traits in youth. This is the first study designed to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the Persian APSD-SR in a sample of 675 school-attending youth in Iran (46% girls; M age = 16.35). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a modified three-factor model, with items loading on narcissism, callous-unemotional, and impulsivity dimensions, which was invariant across gender. Notwithstanding that the internal consistency of some APSD scores was unsatisfactory, the APSD total and dimension scores showed the expected relations with external correlates (e.g., conduct problems, aggression, and low prosocial behavior), supporting the validity of the interpretation of the APSD scores. The findings showed that the APSD is a useful tool for assessing psychopathic traits in Iranian adolescents and may spark research on adolescent psychopathy in mental health and forensic settings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document