scholarly journals Development of a Grey Box Thermal Dynamic Model without Building Construction Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth LeRiche
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Thermal Dynamics ◽  
Box Models ◽  
Building Automation System ◽  
Model Predictive Controllers ◽  
Construction Knowledge ◽  
Predictive Controllers

Model Predictive Controllers (MPC) in building Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems have demonstrated significant energy savings when compared to typical on/off controllers. MPCs require information about the building’s thermal dynamics which is challenging to model, especially for older structures without buildings specifications. This research investigates the ability to develop a grey box thermal dynamic model that can determine the net thermal dynamics, without any building construction information. Sensors were installed within a test cell to monitor the building automation system (BAS) points, and collect building element surface temperature data. The simulation program Simulink was used to develop and test iterations of grey box models. The final model, that relies solely on BAS points, is able to predict the ambient temperature for a 3-hour Prediction Window to within 1.7% accuracy. This model demonstrates the potential for more buildings to implement HVAC MPC systems with grey box thermal dynamic modeling

scholarly journals Development of a Grey Box Thermal Dynamic Model without Building Construction Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth LeRiche
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Thermal Dynamics ◽  
Box Models ◽  
Building Automation System ◽  
Model Predictive Controllers ◽  
Construction Knowledge ◽  
Predictive Controllers

Model Predictive Controllers (MPC) in building Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems have demonstrated significant energy savings when compared to typical on/off controllers. MPCs require information about the building’s thermal dynamics which is challenging to model, especially for older structures without buildings specifications. This research investigates the ability to develop a grey box thermal dynamic model that can determine the net thermal dynamics, without any building construction information. Sensors were installed within a test cell to monitor the building automation system (BAS) points, and collect building element surface temperature data. The simulation program Simulink was used to develop and test iterations of grey box models. The final model, that relies solely on BAS points, is able to predict the ambient temperature for a 3-hour Prediction Window to within 1.7% accuracy. This model demonstrates the potential for more buildings to implement HVAC MPC systems with grey box thermal dynamic modeling

scholarly journals Development and Implementation of Fault-Correction Algorithms in Fault Detection and Diagnostics Tools

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2598
Author(s):  
Guanjing Lin ◽  
Marco Pritoni ◽  
Yimin Chen ◽  
Jessica Granderson
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Hvac Systems ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Building Automation ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Building Automation System ◽  
Staff Intervention

A fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) tool is a type of energy management and information system that continuously identifies the presence of faults and efficiency improvement opportunities through a one-way interface to the building automation system and the application of automated analytics. Building operators on the leading edge of technology adoption use FDD tools to enable median whole-building portfolio savings of 8%. Although FDD tools can inform operators of operational faults, currently an action is always required to correct the faults to generate energy savings. A subset of faults, however, such as biased sensors, can be addressed automatically, eliminating the need for staff intervention. Automating this fault “correction” can significantly increase the savings generated by FDD tools and reduce the reliance on human intervention. Doing so is expected to advance the usability and technical and economic performance of FDD technologies. This paper presents the development of nine innovative fault auto-correction algorithms for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning pi(HVAC) systems. When the auto-correction routine is triggered, it overwrites control setpoints or other variables to implement the intended changes. It also discusses the implementation of the auto-correction algorithms in commercial FDD software products, the integration of these strategies with building automation systems and their preliminary testing.

Energy savings and guaranteed thermal comfort in hotel rooms through nonlinear model predictive controllers

2016 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Acosta ◽  
Ana I. González ◽  
Jesús M. Zamarreño ◽  
Víctor Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Model Predictive Controllers ◽  
Predictive Controllers

Air-Handling Unit Supply Air Temperature Optimal Economizer Control Experiment

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Thomas ◽  
Li Song ◽  
Gyujin Shim ◽  
Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Control Sequence ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Air Handling Unit ◽  
Universal Control ◽  
Building Automation System ◽  
Free Cooling

Most air handling units (AHUs) in commercial buildings have an air economizer cycle for free cooling under certain outside air conditions. During the economizer cycle, the outside air and return air dampers are modulated to seek supply air temperature at its setpoint. The supply air temperature is typically set at 13 °C (55 °F) to control humidity in the space. However, dehumidification is not necessary when the outside air is dry. Meanwhile, the space may have less cooling load due to envelope heat loss and/or occupant schedule changes. These facts provide an opportunity to use higher supply air temperature to reduce or eliminate mechanical cooling and terminal box reheat. On the other hand, a higher supply air temperature requires increased air flow as well as fan power. Therefore, an optimization question was formed, through which an optimal supply air temperature is identified to minimize total energy consumption. In our previous studies, through simulation, 90% of energy savings were concluded and a universal control sequence was also proposed for implementing the optimal control strategy. In this paper, experiments were conducted to validate the previously documented theory concerning the optimal supply air temperature reset. The previously recommended universal control sequence is implemented into the building automation system for an air-handling unit control to make the program ready for the next step of verifying energy savings previously simulated. This paper presents optimization control system setup and experimental results showing the program tuning procedures, through which the program is ready for the next step.

scholarly journals Experimental comparison of canal models for control purposes using simulation and laboratory experiments

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1390-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Horváth ◽  
Eduard Galvis ◽  
José Rodellar ◽  
Manuel Gómez Valentín
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Resonance Problem ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Box Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Model Predictive Controllers ◽  
Automatic Controllers ◽  
Predictive Controllers

Considerable amounts of water can be saved by automating irrigation canals. The design of most of the practical automatic controllers rely on a simplified model of the irrigation canal. This model can be obtained from measured data (identification) or can be formulated (white box models) assuming simplifications in the physical concepts and using the canal geometry. Several models of this kind are presently available. Moreover, short canals reveal a resonance problem, due to the back and forth of waves. This paper is focused on how to choose a suitable model for short canal pools with the purpose of control design. Four simple models are applied to two different types (resonant and non-resonant) of short canals: First order transfer function based on the Hayami model, Muskingum model, Integrator Delay (ID), and Integrator Delay plus Zero (IDZ). Model predictive controllers are developed based on these models and they are tested numerically and experimentally in order to evaluate their contribution to the control effectiveness. The controllers based on the ID and IDZ model showed the best performance.

scholarly journals Hardware Synthesis of Explicit Model Predictive Controllers

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor A. Johansen ◽  
Warren Jackson ◽  
Robert Schreiber ◽  
Petter Tondel
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Model ◽  
Hardware Synthesis ◽  
Model Predictive Controllers ◽  
Predictive Controllers

IP-TUNNELING OF KNX BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM AS AN IOT REABILITY STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Abdullatif Y. M. Alhatem
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Global Communication ◽  
Building Automation ◽  
Building Automation System ◽  
Ip Network ◽  
Technological Developments

At the present time the smart technology enhanced to be utilized for the human life in many elds, especially in the houses. The building automation experienced a rapid growth in techniques and methods to provide an advanced management for operational advantages in buildings and develop the equipment in the houses to the consumption of energy and operation. When the KNX system has been developed to be the most important building automation, the ethernet system has evolved to be global communication system and use it as automation system. Among the various technological developments is IoT, which is the essential development the future achievement via the internet techniques, Meanwhile the different available communication mediums of KNX and the need of utilizing IP network in compiling extensive areas of KNX has led us to conduct this comparison.

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