scholarly journals Identity retention and sense of belonging : an examination of second generation Eritrean youth in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semhar Zerat
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Black Identity ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Symbolic Identity

This research examines identity perceptions of twelve Eritrean youth (aged 20 to 27) residing in Toronto, Canada. With the help of qualitative techniques, this research seeks to investigate what it means to be Eritrean and Canadian as well multiculturalism policy and how it all impacts the identity of Eritrean youth. The findings suggest an emphasis on primordial and national Eritrean identity, while their Canadian identity is interpreted as a mindset and is embraced situationally. While youth accept a black identity, the results indicate the development of a hyphenated Eritrean-Canadian identity with greater emphasis on the Eritrean identity. Moreover, participants are critical of and view multiculturalism policy as ineffective in promoting tangible results. Through an analysis of the debates in the existing literature on ethnic, national and racialized identities, this research concludes that Eritrean youth develop a symbolic identity towards being Eritrean and Canadian.

scholarly journals Identity retention and sense of belonging : an examination of second generation Eritrean youth in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semhar Zerat
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Black Identity ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Symbolic Identity

This research examines identity perceptions of twelve Eritrean youth (aged 20 to 27) residing in Toronto, Canada. With the help of qualitative techniques, this research seeks to investigate what it means to be Eritrean and Canadian as well multiculturalism policy and how it all impacts the identity of Eritrean youth. The findings suggest an emphasis on primordial and national Eritrean identity, while their Canadian identity is interpreted as a mindset and is embraced situationally. While youth accept a black identity, the results indicate the development of a hyphenated Eritrean-Canadian identity with greater emphasis on the Eritrean identity. Moreover, participants are critical of and view multiculturalism policy as ineffective in promoting tangible results. Through an analysis of the debates in the existing literature on ethnic, national and racialized identities, this research concludes that Eritrean youth develop a symbolic identity towards being Eritrean and Canadian.

scholarly journals Identity, Cultural Transnationalism and Second Generation Jamaicans in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serron Thomas ◽  
Vappu Tyyskä
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Hybrid Identity ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Jamaican Culture ◽  
The Impact

This study researches the impact that cultural transnationalism has on the identity of second generation Jamaicans in the Greater Toronto Area. Through a focus group interview, five participants provided responses to questions which identified (i) the components of cultural transnationalism in the Jamaican community, and (ii) how second generation Jamaicans create their identity between their Jamaican ancestry and Canadian nationality. The participants were asked about their relationship to Jamaican culture, Canadian identity, and their sense of belonging to both societies. Other themes which emerged from the data such as cultural values, exclusion and survival in Canadian society were also discussed. The results showed that the second generation is prone to developing a hybrid identity which includes aspects of their national and cultural identity. To explain this phenomenon, I applied the research of Tajfel (1974) and Stryker (1980) which discuss the identity theory and social identity theory, respectively.

scholarly journals Second generation Somali origin children's understanding and organization of their multiple identities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Jama
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Black Identity ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Muslim Identity ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Birth Place ◽  
Younger Generation

The younger generation of the Somali community has faced certain hardships, in part, as a result the contradiction between their identities at home and their identities in public. The focus of this research was on the saliency of second generation Somali origin children's multiple identities. The 10 children between the ages of 5-10 that were interviewed indicated that they considered their Muslim identity their strongest identity, followed by their Somali identity, then their Black identity and lastly their Canadian identity. Their reasons for choosing the Muslim identity first were due to culture and religion. Their reasons for choosing the Somali identity second was due to the fact that Somalia is their parent's birth place. As for the black identity some of the participants stated reasons related to skin colour as to why they chose this identity while others considered this an identity that did not apply to them. Lastly, they chose the Canadian identity because Canada is their birth place and place of residence. The implications of this study are that both parents and teachers need to be actively encouraging the formation of children's racial and national identity.

scholarly journals Identity, Cultural Transnationalism and Second Generation Jamaicans in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serron Thomas ◽  
Vappu Tyyskä
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Hybrid Identity ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Jamaican Culture ◽  
The Impact

This study researches the impact that cultural transnationalism has on the identity of second generation Jamaicans in the Greater Toronto Area. Through a focus group interview, five participants provided responses to questions which identified (i) the components of cultural transnationalism in the Jamaican community, and (ii) how second generation Jamaicans create their identity between their Jamaican ancestry and Canadian nationality. The participants were asked about their relationship to Jamaican culture, Canadian identity, and their sense of belonging to both societies. Other themes which emerged from the data such as cultural values, exclusion and survival in Canadian society were also discussed. The results showed that the second generation is prone to developing a hybrid identity which includes aspects of their national and cultural identity. To explain this phenomenon, I applied the research of Tajfel (1974) and Stryker (1980) which discuss the identity theory and social identity theory, respectively.

scholarly journals Second generation Somali origin children's understanding and organization of their multiple identities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Jama
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Black Identity ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Muslim Identity ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Birth Place ◽  
Younger Generation

The younger generation of the Somali community has faced certain hardships, in part, as a result the contradiction between their identities at home and their identities in public. The focus of this research was on the saliency of second generation Somali origin children's multiple identities. The 10 children between the ages of 5-10 that were interviewed indicated that they considered their Muslim identity their strongest identity, followed by their Somali identity, then their Black identity and lastly their Canadian identity. Their reasons for choosing the Muslim identity first were due to culture and religion. Their reasons for choosing the Somali identity second was due to the fact that Somalia is their parent's birth place. As for the black identity some of the participants stated reasons related to skin colour as to why they chose this identity while others considered this an identity that did not apply to them. Lastly, they chose the Canadian identity because Canada is their birth place and place of residence. The implications of this study are that both parents and teachers need to be actively encouraging the formation of children's racial and national identity.

scholarly journals Özgön’den Konya’ya Uzanan Göç: Tacigül Özgen Küntüz’un Kimlik ve Anavatana Dair Aidiyet Duygusunu İfade Etme Biçimi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 353-378
Author(s):  
Aikanysh ESHNAZAROVA ◽  
Beishenbek TOKTOGULOV
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
The Way

First generation diasporic immigrants, who have diasporic experience due to the trauma of forced migration, have a strong sense of belonging to the homeland. Even, they can transfer this sense of belonging to the next generations without losing its liveliness. In addition, the sense of belonging to the homeland is an important factor affecting the identity formation of the next generations. This study aims to investigate the second-generation member of the diasporic immigrant Özgen family, the painter Tacigül Özgen Küntüz's sense of belonging to the region of origin, her identity formation process and the way she expresses them. The study will deal with the works created by the painter in terms of identity and belonging.

scholarly journals Belonging to Nowhere: A Phenomenological Study of the Identity Crisis of the Second Generation of Afghan Refugees in Balochistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1141-1149
Author(s):  
Abdul Wadood ◽  
Ahmed Khan ◽  
Hidayatullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Afghan Refugees

This study investigates how the second generation of Afghan refugees who are born and raised in Balochistan feel about and express their sense of belonging and identity in the hosting community.  The main purpose of this study is to analyze and understand how the second generation of Afghan refugees feel about their identity in terms of who they think they were, how they perceived themselves, whether they felt comfortable or uncomfortable identifying themselves Afghans in local community, and that how their identity affected their sense of belonging and their day to day life in Balochistan. This phenomenological study intended to explore the sense of identity of the young Afghan refugees by drawing on their individual and collective narratives of self and others as they struggle to be part of the social fabric and feel safe and accepted in Pakistani community. It also aimed to highlight how the identity crisis and the feeling of being other affected the needs, attitudes and perceptions of second generation Afghan refugees in the hosting community , and that how the second-generation Afghan refugees experience their sense of belonging and identification in two different national contexts (Afghanistan and Pakistan).This study uses qualitative phenomenological approach. It uses analysis of relevant secondary data, focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that the identity crisis is still a challenging and major issue for Afghan refugee children.

The children and their parents: Changing spatial belongings among migrants’ generations

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Aşkın
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Construction Of Identity ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract   This study aims to analyze the process of changing spatial belongings of migrants’ generations. The First generation who moved out from Eastern and Southeastern of Turkey haven’t cut their communication with their hometown. On the contrary, they have built new belonging relations with the host culture. This is the exact opposite of the second generation. The second generation, who are children of the first generation, have built sense of belonging to İnegöl where they live. Also the second generation have prevented their parents from returning to their hometown. It shows that children and their parents have been living in the different worlds although they live in the same homes. This study has been conducted on migrants living in Huzur Neighborhood, İnegöl, Bursa. Empirically, I conducted in depth interviews and focus groups discussions with 30 migrants to capture the changing spatial belongings of the two generations of migrants. Keywords: Construction of Identity, Kurdish Migrants, Intergenerational relations, Turkey.

The Roles of Shared Racial Fate and a Sense of Belonging With African Americans in Black Immigrants’ Race-Related Stress and Depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla D. Hunter ◽  
Andrew D. Case ◽  
Nancy Joseph ◽  
Yara Mekawi ◽  
Ehsan Bokhari
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Black Immigrants ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Race Related Stress ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: The first goal was to examine whether race-related stress was associated with depression in Black immigrants, as has been found in African Americans. The second goal was to determine whether intergroup relations identity factors—Black immigrants’ shared racial fate or sense of belonging with African Americans—were related to depression, above and beyond race-related stress. Third, we examined if Black immigrants’ shared racial fate or a sense of belonging with African Americans moderated the relationship between race-related stress and depression. Method: Data were collected from 110 individuals who identified as first- or second-generation Black immigrants. Results: Greater race-related stress was related to higher depression. Greater endorsement of a sense of belonging with African Americans was related to lower depression over and above the influence of race-related stress; this was not the case for shared racial fate, which was not associated with depression. Neither shared racial fate nor a sense of belonging with African Americans moderated the association between race-related stress and depression. Intergroup relations facilitate our understanding of well-being in immigrant populations.

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