scholarly journals Viewing Orwellian Newspeak from the Angle of Linguistics: An “Economic” Redundancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Liqiao Liang
Keyword(s):  
George Orwell ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Development Of Language

Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four has been widely studied, but not one of his important inventions in that novel. That is his Newspeak. From the perspective of linguistics, one of the most important characteristics of the development of language(s) is the feature of the economy, which means that language evolves in various ways to streamline and make it easier for its users to express themselves. This is not the case with the English variant "Newspeak" created by George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four, which is somehow simpler in form than standard English, which was named "Oldspeak", but "Newspeak" is actually in a sense simpler than "Oldspeak". Newspeak" is actually much more obscure than "Old speech" in a sense. The reason for this may be found in comparison with several typical language simplification movements. In order to investigate the issues, former researchers` findings would be referenced, and textual evidence would be found and discussed in the article.

Simple English in the South Seas Evangelical Mission

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly S. Mühlhäusler ◽  
Peter Mühlhäusler
Keyword(s):  
Language Planning ◽  
General Point ◽  
Standard English ◽  
The South ◽  
Christian Missions ◽  
South West ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Basic English

The general point of this paper is to highlight the important role of Christian missions in the development of language planning. We document this with a case study: the attempt of the South Seas Evangelical Mission to devise a simplified English, intermediate between Pidgin English and full Standard English for their mission work in the south west Pacific. The relatively unsophisticated approach to corpus planning by this body is contrasted with Ogden’s more elaborate proposals for Basic English.

scholarly journals Sociedade da informação e linguagem: as novas tecnologias e o caminho para a construção de palavras e sentidos

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Vinícius Oliveira Braz Deprá
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
George Orwell ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
New Words ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Impact

RESUMO: A partir da sociedade pós-industrial, houve o delineamento de um novo paradigma social advindo da Sociedade da Informação, identificado especialmente pelas novas tecnologias e pelo impacto que a informação suscitou nos mais variados meios sociais. Nesse passo, quais seriam as relações existentes entre a Sociedade da Informação e o desenvolvimento da linguagem? Esse problema conduz a pesquisa, que buscará inicialmente contextualizar a sociedade da informação, para, em seguida, associá-la com os elementos da linguagem. Posteriormente, será analisado o relativismo linguístico e a ideia trabalhada por George Orwell em seu livro “1984”. Em seguida, fala-se sobre a Sociedade da Informação, novas tecnologias e o advento de novas palavras e sentidos. Para tanto, utiliza-se o método de abordagem dedutivo. O método de procedimento será o monográfico. Quanto à técnica, utiliza-se a documentação indireta (pesquisa bibliográfica). Ao final, o estudo permitiu indicar que existe uma relação direta e indissociável entre a Sociedade da Informação e o desenvolvimento da linguagem, especialmente pelas integrações globais das novas tecnologias. Além disso, a adoção de novos símbolos linguísticos é necessária para acompanhar a velocidade da tecnologia e da informação, diante da expansão de novas palavras e novos sentidos. Com isso, constatou-se que a Sociedade da Informação se constitui em um vasto campo para o desenvolvimento, marcado pela mobilidade linguística e pelos novos horizontes de palavras e sentidos.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: sociedade da informação; linguagem; novas tecnologias; construção de palavras e sentidos.   ABSTRACT: After the post-industrial society, there was the design of a new social paradigm arising from the Society of Information, especially identified by new technologies and the impact that the information raised in various social media. In this step, which would be the relationship between the information society and the development of language? This problem leads to research that will initially seek to contextualize the society of information, to then associate it with the language elements. After, the linguistic relativism will be analyzed, as the idea worked by George Orwell in his book "1984". Then, it talks about the Society of Information, new technologies and the advent of new words and meanings. For this, it uses the deductive method of approach. The method of procedure will be the monographic one. As for the technique, the indirect documentation (literature) will be used. Finally, the study concluded that there is a direct and inseparable link between the Information Society and the development of language, especially the global integration of new technologies. Moreover, the adoption of new linguistic symbols is necessary to monitor the speed of technology and information, given the expansion of new words and new meanings. In addition, it was found that the Information Society constitutes a vast field for the development, marked by the linguistic mobility and new horizons of words and meanings.   KEYWORDS: society of Information; language; new technologies; construction of words and meanings.

Norse Loans in Middle English and their Influence on Late Medieval London English

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
Old English ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Contact Linguistics ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Basic Vocabulary ◽  
Modern Standard

AbstractMost of the Norse legal and administrative terms attested in Old English were replaced by equivalents from the French superstrate soon after the Norman Conquest, whereas a remarkable number of more basic terms are known to have become part of the very basic vocabulary of modern Standard English. This paper focuses on Norse lexical loans that survived during and beyond the period of French rule and became part of this basic vocabulary. It explores (1) the regional and textual conditions for the survival of such loans and (2) their expansion into late medieval London English and into the emerging standard language. Based on selective textual evidence it is argued that they were not quite as basic originally, that they typically survived and developed in regional centres far away from the French-dominated court, and eventually infiltrated the area in and around late medieval London owing to its growing attraction as an economic and intellectual centre. Both the survival of Norse loans and their later usage expansion are shown to be in harmony with the principles of comparative contact linguistics.

The Evolution of Augmentative Communication and the Importance of Alternate Access

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chapple
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Handheld Devices ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Access Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communication Device ◽  
Internet Browser ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Development Of Language

Abstract Over the past 20 years, there have been many advances in the computer industry as well as in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. Computers are becoming more compact and have multiple purposes, such as the iPhone, which is a cell phone, mp3 player, and an Internet browser. AAC devices also have evolved to become multi-purpose devices; the most sophisticated devices have functionality similar to the iPhone and iPod. Recently, the idea of having the iPhone and iPad as a communication device was initiated with the development of language applications specifically for this format. It might be true that this idea could become the future of AAC devices; however, there are major access issues to overcome before the idea is a reality. This article will chronicle advancements in AAC devices, specifically on access methods, throughout the years, towards the transition to handheld devices. The newest technologies hold much promise with both features and affordability factors being highly attractive. Yet, these technologies must be made to incorporate alternate access if they are to meet their fullest potential as AAC tools.

The Development of Language-Training Programs for Postrubella Hearing-Impaired Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Lynch ◽  
Annette Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Target Behaviors ◽  
Systematic Fashion ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

This paper presents the procedures developed and used in the individual treatment programs for a group of preschool, postrubella, hearing-impaired children. A case study illustrates the systematic fashion in which the clinician plans programs for each child on the basis of the child’s progress at any given time during the program. The clinician’s decisions are discussed relevant to (1) the choice of a mode(s) for the child and the teacher, (2) the basis for selecting specific target behaviors, (3) the progress of each program, and (4) the implications for future programming.

New Car, Same Principles: Using Language Development Theories to Drive the Design of Supportive Augmentative and Alternative Communication System Interfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Jamie B. Boster ◽  
Joann P. Benigno ◽  
John W. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Developmental Theory ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Complex Communication Needs ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
System Interfaces ◽  
Language Content

Innovations in technology have resulted in increased use of tablets, mobile devices, and applications as augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems for children with complex communication needs (CCN). Although research has been conducted on the specific characteristics of AAC technologies, many interfaces remain replications of prior communication devices with little consideration of the features of newer platforms. A greater concern is that these interfaces may not be based on empirical evidence or derived from key developmental language theories. As such, these interfaces may place additional demands on children with CCN instead of supporting their development of language content, form, and use. The purpose of this paper is to discuss potential interface supports for AAC systems that capitalize on current technologies and draw upon key tenets of developmental theory.

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