PEMBINAAN PENGENALAN BASIC ENGLISH CONVERSATION AT THE AIRPORT KEPADA STAF BANDARA HANG NADIM BATAM

English is an international language which is very important for smooth bilingual interaction. Along with the times, the ability to speak English is required in all aspects of life to develop. One that is experiencing rapid development is the air transportation industry, which has a similar impact on the development of the airport aspect as a facility for providing aircraft transportation services. One of the important airports in the Riau Archipelago is Batam's Hang Nadim Airport. The airport was officially opened to the public on January 1, 1995 under the name "Hang Nadim International Airport. Since then until today, Hang Nadim airport has grown rapidly and has become one of the largest and busiest airports in Sumatra. With the rapid development of Hang Nadim Airport This, of course requires the use of an international language, namely English as the most commonly used communication medium. It has become a must for airport staff to be able to master English for the smooth operation of the technical process of aircraft and air flight systems. All airport workers are required to have good English language skills. it is appropriate to create conducive working conditions, but in reality on the ground, not all staff who work at airports have basic English skills, especially regarding the basic conversation part in English at the airport. If they are not equipped with basic English skills then they will not be able to speak English. can work optimally. Therefore, it is very important to initiate a dedication to provide a basic introduction to English for staff at Hang Nadim Airport, Batam City, Riau Islands.

PELATIHAN SPEAKING BAHASA INGGRIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PLATFORM ZOOM MEETING PADA STAFF BIRO KEUANGAN BP BATAM

English is very important for communication between countries so that BP batam is a government agency that cannot be separated from developing its English language skills. LPPM Unrika's collaboration with BP Batam Finance Bureau staff in implementing online English language training during the pandemic to improve English language skills. Overall service activities are carried out in a span of 6 months (July-August 2021). The post-test results obtained a conclusion that the basic English skills of the inmates were very good with an average score of 81.8, while the lowest score was 80 and the highest score was 85. When compared to the pre-test where the lowest score was 71.6 and the highest was 80, with an average of 77.1. So the average result of the pre-test and post-test scores is 79.4, so the achievement value of BP Batam's financial bureau staff increases significantly.

BASICS ENGLISH GUARANTEE IN EFFORTS TO INCREASE THE ABILITY OF BIDIKMISI IAI AS'ADIYAH SENGKANG STUDENTS

The quality of English instruction in Indonesia is not uniformly spread across the country. Those in big cities are more likely to receive qualified English instruction than students in rural areas. Bidikmisi kids do not have access to additional English learning resources, despite the fact that they require them. Finally, because English proficiency is so vital, their competition is low. As a result, Bidikmisi pupils' basic English skills must be enhanced in order to be more competitive. Basic English Training is provided to Bidikmisi students at IAI As'adiyah Sengkang who need it the most as part of this program. Aside from the pretest and post-test, 12 meetings were held. The results suggest that Bidikmisi students' basic English skills have improved. However, they must be persistent in their efforts to improve their knowledge in order to greatly boost their competency. It may be concluded that the basic English training program for Bidikmisi pupils aids in the development of human resource capabilities in the English field.

Pelatihan Toefl Bagi Mahasiswa Semester VII Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris UM Palembang

TOEFL training for the seventh semester students of English education study program FKIP, Muhammadiyah University Of Palembang. Overall “Alhamdulillah” went smoothly. All participant enthusiastically participated in the training for approximately 4 hours until it was finished. In other word, TOEFL training for seventh semester student of the English education study program FKIP, University of Muhammadiyah Palembang was Proven successful by the expressions of the participant who felt happy and were able to solve all TOEFL question given, were previously they did not know that TOEFL and in the end they understand the strategies in doing the TOEFL questions quickly and precisely, effectively end efficiently. In short, there are so many benefits that can be obtained for participant during the TOEFL training. Participant can improve their basic English Skills which are needed when taking the real TOEFL test. Pelatihan TOEFL bagi mahasiswa semester VII program studi pendidikan bahasa Inggris FKIP, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang secara keseluruhan “Alhamdulilah” berjalan lancar. Semua peserta antusias mengikuti pelatihan selama lebih kurang 4 jam sampai selesai. Dengan kata lain, pelatihan TOEFL bagi bagi mahasiswa semester VII program studi pendidikan bahasa Inggris FKIP, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang sukses terbukti dengan ekspresi para peserta yang merasa bahagia dan mampu menyelesaikan semua soal-soal TOEFL yang diberikan, dimana sebelumnya mereka tidak mengenal apa itu TOEFL dan pada akhirnya mereka memahami strategi-strategi dalam mengerjakan soal-soal TOEFL dengan cepat dan tepat, effektif dan efisien. Singkatnya, begitu banyak manfaat yang bisa diperoleh bagi peserta selama mengikuti pelatihan TOEFL. Peserta dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dasar (Basic Competency) bahasa Inggris yang sangat dibutuhkan ketika mengikuti tes TOEFL yang sesungguhnya.

27 Open Problems in Kolmogorov Complexity

This formula can be informally read as follows: the ith messagemi brings us log(1=pi) "bits of information" (whatever this means), and appears with frequency pi, so H is the expected amount of information provided by one random message (one sample of the random variable). Moreover, we can construct an optimal uniquely decodable code that requires about H (at most H + 1, to be exact) bits per message on average, and it encodes the ith message by approximately log(1=pi) bits, following the natural idea to use short codewords for frequent messages. This fits well the informal reading of the formula given above, and it is tempting to say that the ith message "contains log(1=pi) bits of information." Shannon himself succumbed to this temptation [46, p. 399] when he wrote about entropy estimates and considers Basic English and James Joyces's book "Finnegan's Wake" as two extreme examples of high and low redundancy in English texts. But, strictly speaking, one can speak only of entropies of random variables, not of their individual values, and "Finnegan's Wake" is not a random variable, just a specific string. Can we define the amount of information in individual objects?

Rethinking General Education Program for Integrating Local Contexts and English Contents

The local and global dimensions are now in balance within the COVID-19 pandemic in all sectors, education needs to be adapted and disrupted for tomorrow. Local contexts in the stream of global movement concerns curriculum and instruction. The local contexts are significant content to promote English by various kinds of contents. This research purposes to study general education program for integrating local contexts and English contents. Target group consisted of teachers who have been taught basic English courses, general education program. The research tools used questionnaire and interviewing form to study the problems and needs for understanding the general education category by integrating content according to local context. As it finding, the local context is the authentic learning experiences that students can learn, they can make a link between local and global dimensions. Conceptual framework is proposed for rethinking genera; education program for integrating local and global English courses, the study needs more discussion how to help students develop learning abilities through the suitable curriculum and instructional practices.

The role of leadership in promoting and supporting the Basic English curriculum design and delivery at two Vietnamese universities

<p>The purpose of this research study was to explore the role of leadership in supporting the Basic English curriculum design and delivery at two selected Vietnamese non-language major universities specialising in Finance and Accounting. Studies on academic leadership and distributed leadership in higher education are well documented in Western literature (Bolden, Gosling, O’Brien, Peters and Haslam, 2012; Bryman, 2007; Cardno, 2012); however leadership in higher education is largely under-researched in developing countries like Vietnam. Moreover, curriculum design impacts on the wellbeing and effectiveness of higher education (Barnett & Coate, 2005). Leadership is necessary to effect change (Oliver & Huyn, 2010) and therefore potentially to impact on curriculum design and delivery. The role of leadership in making the Basic English curriculum more relevant for graduate students and ensuring that they are better prepared for the workplace is of particular interest in the Vietnamese university context. This qualitatively-focused case study design, with a small quantitative component, guided by an interpretivist/ constructivist theoretical framework aimed to explore how academic leaders promote the Basic English curriculum design and delivery in the Vietnamese university context. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews with senior academic leaders and company directors, focus group interviews with English as a foreign language (EFL) lecturers, observations of a curriculum meeting, and an online survey by graduates from the two selected universities. The study employed thematic data analysis techniques. Research shows that the curriculum framework in Vietnamese universities promulgated by the Ministry of Education and Training (MoET) results in heavy workloads for academic staff (Gropello, Thomas, Yemenez, Chchibber, & Adams, 2008; Van, 2011). This negatively affects their wellbeing and may reduce their effectiveness as teachers and researchers. The findings from the study provided evidence that leadership practices in Vietnam were influenced by Confucian values. It also showed that the personal barriers academic leaders and EFL lecturers face vary according to gender. However, academic leadership in Vietnamese higher education contexts in this study reveals a mixture of distributed and collaborative leadership in curriculum design and delivery which can provide insights for other Vietnamese universities. It also revealed that senior leaders and EFL lecturers appear to work collaboratively to solve the issue of curriculum design and delivery. The findings have implications for policy development and practice. Suggestions made by employers and graduates to institutional leaders, curriculum developers and lecturers are to consider redesigning the curriculum to have a more communicative focus and more oral practice to ensure graduates are better prepared for work. The study has brought insights for senior leaders on how to create successful collaboration with their colleagues and partners in curriculum design and renewal and provided guidance on the enhancement of educational leadership practices in the two chosen universities. The results of this study have contributed to closing the current gaps in understanding how leadership at all levels in higher education impact on curriculum design and delivery. This study will be useful not only in the Vietnamese context but also in other countries where English is taught as a second or foreign language.</p>

The role of leadership in promoting and supporting the Basic English curriculum design and delivery at two Vietnamese universities

<p>The purpose of this research study was to explore the role of leadership in supporting the Basic English curriculum design and delivery at two selected Vietnamese non-language major universities specialising in Finance and Accounting. Studies on academic leadership and distributed leadership in higher education are well documented in Western literature (Bolden, Gosling, O’Brien, Peters and Haslam, 2012; Bryman, 2007; Cardno, 2012); however leadership in higher education is largely under-researched in developing countries like Vietnam. Moreover, curriculum design impacts on the wellbeing and effectiveness of higher education (Barnett & Coate, 2005). Leadership is necessary to effect change (Oliver & Huyn, 2010) and therefore potentially to impact on curriculum design and delivery. The role of leadership in making the Basic English curriculum more relevant for graduate students and ensuring that they are better prepared for the workplace is of particular interest in the Vietnamese university context. This qualitatively-focused case study design, with a small quantitative component, guided by an interpretivist/ constructivist theoretical framework aimed to explore how academic leaders promote the Basic English curriculum design and delivery in the Vietnamese university context. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews with senior academic leaders and company directors, focus group interviews with English as a foreign language (EFL) lecturers, observations of a curriculum meeting, and an online survey by graduates from the two selected universities. The study employed thematic data analysis techniques. Research shows that the curriculum framework in Vietnamese universities promulgated by the Ministry of Education and Training (MoET) results in heavy workloads for academic staff (Gropello, Thomas, Yemenez, Chchibber, & Adams, 2008; Van, 2011). This negatively affects their wellbeing and may reduce their effectiveness as teachers and researchers. The findings from the study provided evidence that leadership practices in Vietnam were influenced by Confucian values. It also showed that the personal barriers academic leaders and EFL lecturers face vary according to gender. However, academic leadership in Vietnamese higher education contexts in this study reveals a mixture of distributed and collaborative leadership in curriculum design and delivery which can provide insights for other Vietnamese universities. It also revealed that senior leaders and EFL lecturers appear to work collaboratively to solve the issue of curriculum design and delivery. The findings have implications for policy development and practice. Suggestions made by employers and graduates to institutional leaders, curriculum developers and lecturers are to consider redesigning the curriculum to have a more communicative focus and more oral practice to ensure graduates are better prepared for work. The study has brought insights for senior leaders on how to create successful collaboration with their colleagues and partners in curriculum design and renewal and provided guidance on the enhancement of educational leadership practices in the two chosen universities. The results of this study have contributed to closing the current gaps in understanding how leadership at all levels in higher education impact on curriculum design and delivery. This study will be useful not only in the Vietnamese context but also in other countries where English is taught as a second or foreign language.</p>

ELEMENTARY GRAMMAR (A Practice Book for Basic English Grammar)

This Elementary Grammar book is devoted to helpinglearners proceed at their rate according to what they areinterested in studying. It helps students learn how to learngrammar better, study, and solve grammatical problems. Some illustrations, such as pictures and other visual presentations, are deliberately made to help students visualize some emphasized grammar points.

Developing Learning Material Model for English for Specific Purpose (ESP) in Accounting Department of Riau University

The confusion of lecturers in teaching English with specific and suitable material for students who choose majors other than the English department is the main problem mostly encountered found by the writers is the basic reason for conducting this research. The main purpose of having this article is to fill the absence of material provided for students in Accounting Department in Riau University. Through descriptive methods, qualitative approaches and instruments used in the form of a close-ended questionnaire in which the form of questions refer to the need analysis proposed by Hutchinson & Water (necessities, wants, and lacks) of the students, initialized and complemented with their latest English language level and an adaptation questionnaire from Adnan was researched as well. The data was obtained from a number of students majoring in Accounting for academic year of 2020/2021 class E at the Faculty of Economics, Riau University which were converted to frequency and rounded to a percentage. Dominated by students who have basic English skills, the students have various necessities, wants, and lacks in learning English. Eventually based on the finding, a proposed material model was framed.