ESTIMATION OF THE ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN SOIL AROUND KADUNA REFINING AND PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY USING NUCLEAR TECHNIQUE

Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) technique was used to investigate the abundance and distribution of rare earth elements (REE) in soil around Kaduna Refinery. The aim of the study is to assess the rare elements potential of Nigeria for economic exploitation. Five REEs (La, Dy, Eu, Yb, and Lu) were detected in varying concentrations ranging from a minimum of 0.6 µg/g (Lu) to a maximum of 249.0 µg/g (La). The elements existed with trends consistent with the natural pattern of REEs in soil, showing significant Eu and Dy anomalies which characterize upper plains and flood plains. The levels of REEs in soil in the study area were generally slightly above background levels, with minimal (La, Dy, and Eu), moderate (Yb), and significant (Lu) enrichments and trending: Lu ˃Yb ˃ Eu ˃ Dy ˃ La. The abundance of the REEs investigated cannot establish a potential of Nigeria for economic exploitation of the mineral, hence, rare earth project in the study area is not viable at the moment.

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Abundance and distribution of the rare-earth elements and yttrium in the rocks and minerals of the Oka carbonatite complex, Quebec

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/0016-7037(75)90005-8 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 597-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

G.Nelson Eby

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Carbonatite Complex ◽

Abundance And Distribution ◽

The Rare Earth

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Rare-earth elements abundance and distribution in pelagic sediments by instrumental neutron activation analysis

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry ◽

10.1007/bf02132382 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 112 (2) ◽

pp. 507-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S. Meloni ◽

N. Genova ◽

M. Oddone ◽

F. Oliveri ◽

R. Vannucci

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Neutron Activation Analysis ◽

Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis ◽

Activation Analysis ◽

Neutron Activation ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Abundance And Distribution ◽

Instrumental Neutron Activation

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Rare-earth elements in Cu-Ni ores of the Norilsk region

Arctic Ecology and Economy ◽

10.25283/2223-4594-2021-1-76-89 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 76-89

Author(s):

A.V. Grigoryeva ◽

◽

A.V. Volkov ◽

K.Y. Murashov ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Total Content ◽

Negative Slope ◽

Primitive Mantle ◽

High Tech ◽

Northwestern Part ◽

Rare Elements ◽

High Enrichment ◽

Host Rocks

The deposits of the Norilsk region are confined to the marginal northwestern part of the Siberian platform and are associated with the manifestation of the Early Mesozoic trap volcanism. Sulfide mineralization is concentrated in the intrusive facies of the volcano-intrusive complex. Four main types of Cu-Ni ores are distinguished according to textural features: massive, vein-disseminated, brecciated, and disseminated. The main types of Cu-Ni ores differ significantly from each other in the chemical composition and content of rock- and ore-forming components. The enrichment ratios of ore trace elements in the Oktyabrskaya and Talnakhskaya vein-disseminated ore mainly reach hundreds (S, Pt, Au, Se,Te, Pb, As, Sn, Mo) and thousands (Ni, Cu, Ag, Pd) times. A rather high enrichment of all types of Bi, Re and Cd ores has been revealed, which are potentially industrially significant as high-tech metals, and can be promising for associated mining. The amount of rare-earth elements (REE) in ores is several times less than in the upper crust and more than in the primitive mantle. The concentration of rare earths in the main types of ores, with the exception of massive ones, exceeds the level of the chondrite standard, and REE fractionation is weak. The distribution spectra of chondrite-normalized REEs have a slight negative slope: the total content of light REEs is higher than that of heavy ones. The similarity of the geometry of the REE spectra of massive, vein-disseminated, brecciated and disseminated types of ores containing a significant admixture of host rocks indicates the inheritance of the REE composition in ores from the host rocks. In the disseminated ores of common taxite gabbro-dolerites, the Eu anomaly is present in the Kharaelakhsky (Oktyabrskoye Deposit) and Talnakhsky (Talnakhskoye Deposit) intrusions, it is positive, and in the Norilsk I Intrusive (in the same rocks), it is negative. Higher concentrations of REEs and significant fractionation of light and heavy rare elements are typical for host contact-metamorphic and metasomatic rocks with vein-disseminated (exocontact) ores. For olivine-free hornfels and skarns in brecciated ores, as well as for vein-disseminated ores, significant fractionation of light REEs with relatively heavy ones and a pronounced Eu minimum are characteristic. In massive ores, the distribution of REEs is determined by the composition of xenoliths.

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An Overview of Rare Earth Elements in Sewage Sludges and Their Ashes

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2231462 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (23) ◽

pp. 1462 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Belén Folgueras ◽

Manuela Alonso ◽

Juan R. Folgueras ◽

Susana Lage

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Environmental Context ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Sewage Sludges ◽

The Moment

In this work, data about REY concentrations in sewage sludges and their ashes have been analysed. The source of REY in them is mainly geogenic, which is why sludges from regions like China and Brazil have higher concentrations. Thus, the combustion or co-combustion of sewage sludge as a way of recovery its energy potential and, secondarily, the processing of their ashes in order to obtain REY may be interesting, in certain regions, depending on the techno-economic and environmental context of the moment.

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Proses Pembentukan dan Asal Material Formasi Kayasa di Halmahera Berdasarkan Unsur Jejak dan Unsur Tanah Jarang

EKSPLORIUM ◽

10.17146/eksplorium.2019.40.1.5445 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Ronaldo Irzon

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Petrographic Analysis ◽

Material Source ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Rare Elements ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽

Ree Patterns

ABSTRAKKerumitan pembentukan batuan di Pulau Halmahera dipengaruhi konvergensi setidaknya tiga lempeng besar dan posisinya yang berada dalam kolisi aktif dua busur. Formasi Kayasa adalah salah satu dari empat satuan batuan gunung api di Pulau Halmahera. Analisis petrografi, unsur jarang, dan unsur tanah jarang (UTJ) dimanfaatkan untuk mempelajari proses pembentukan maupun asal materi batuan Formasi Kayasa. Mikroskop bipolar dimanfaatkan pada studi petrografi sedangkan Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry digunakan untuk analisis kandungan unsur jejak dan unsur tanah jarang terhadap tujuh sampel segar dan empat batuan teralterasi maupun lapuk pada domain Formasi Kayasa. Seluruh sampel segar diklasifikasikan sebagai andesit-basalt berdasarkan perbandingan komposisi kuarsa, K-felspar, dan plagioklas. Kristalisasi fraksional plagioklas diduga berperan penting dalam proses pembentukan Formasi Kayasa. Batuan segar pada studi ini diperkirakan terkristalisasi pada kondisi oksidatif dalam lingkungan laut sedangkan batuan teralterasi atau lapuk terbentuk pada lingkungan reduktif di atas permukaan laut. Berdasarkan pengamatan megaskopis dan pola diagram laba-laba UTJ, material pembentukan Formasi Kayasa sangat mungkin berasal dari lempeng samudera.ABSTRACTThe complexity of rock formation on Halmahera Island is influenced by convergences of at least three main plates and is located in the active collision of two arcs. The Kayasa Formation is one of four volcanic rock units on Halmahera Island. Petrographic analysis, rare elements, and rare earth elements (REE) are applied in studying the rock emplacement process and the material source of Kayasa Formation. Bipolar microscopy is utilized in petrographic studies while Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry is used for measuring the trace and rare earth elements compositions in seven fresh samples and four altered/weathered rocks in Kayasa Formation’s domain. The fresh samples are classified as andesite-basalt based on quartz, K-feldspar, and plagioclase modal composition. Plagioclase fractional crystallization is thought to play an important role in the crystallization of Kayasa Formations. Fresh rocks in this study tend to crystallize under oxidative conditions in the marine environment, whilst altered or weathered ones formed in a reductive environment above sea level. Based on megascopic observations and REE patterns, the material of Kayasa Formation is very likely derived from the ocean plate.

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