The VHF Data Exchange System, a New Communications System for Maritime

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan �af�r ◽  
Martin Bransby ◽  
Alan Grant ◽  
Nick Ward
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
System A ◽  
Communications System

The Child Language Data Exchange System: an update

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian MacWhinney ◽  
Catherine Snow
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Child Language ◽  
International System ◽  
Organizational Form ◽  
Previous Issue ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
System A ◽  
Forthcoming Book ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Language Data

ABSTRACTIn a previous issue of this Journal, MacWhinney & Snow (1985) laid out the basic sketch for an international system for exchanging and analysing child language transcript data. This system – the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES) – has developed three major tools for child language research: (1) the CHILDES database of transcripts, (2) the CHAT system for transcribing and coding data, and (3) the CLAN programs for analysing CHAT files. Here we sketch out the current shape of these three major tools and the organizational form of the CHILDES system. A forthcoming book (MacWhinney, in press) documents these tools in detail.

Machine-Scored Syntax: Comparison of the CLAN Automatic Scoring Program to Manual Scoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-493
Author(s):  
Jenny A. Roberts ◽  
Evelyn P. Altenberg ◽  
Madison Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Child Language ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Absolute Point ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Search Patterns ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Report Accuracy ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Automatic Scoring

Purpose The results of automatic machine scoring of the Index of Productive Syntax from the Computerized Language ANalysis (CLAN) tools of the Child Language Data Exchange System of TalkBank (MacWhinney, 2000) were compared to manual scoring to determine the accuracy of the machine-scored method. Method Twenty transcripts of 10 children from archival data of the Weismer Corpus from the Child Language Data Exchange System at 30 and 42 months were examined. Measures of absolute point difference and point-to-point accuracy were compared, as well as points erroneously given and missed. Two new measures for evaluating automatic scoring of the Index of Productive Syntax were introduced: Machine Item Accuracy (MIA) and Cascade Failure Rate— these measures further analyze points erroneously given and missed. Differences in total scores, subscale scores, and individual structures were also reported. Results Mean absolute point difference between machine and hand scoring was 3.65, point-to-point agreement was 72.6%, and MIA was 74.9%. There were large differences in subscales, with Noun Phrase and Verb Phrase subscales generally providing greater accuracy and agreement than Question/Negation and Sentence Structures subscales. There were significantly more erroneous than missed items in machine scoring, attributed to problems of mistagging of elements, imprecise search patterns, and other errors. Cascade failure resulted in an average of 4.65 points lost per transcript. Conclusions The CLAN program showed relatively inaccurate outcomes in comparison to manual scoring on both traditional and new measures of accuracy. Recommendations for improvement of the program include accounting for second exemplar violations and applying cascaded credit, among other suggestions. It was proposed that research on machine-scored syntax routinely report accuracy measures detailing erroneous and missed scores, including MIA, so that researchers and clinicians are aware of the limitations of a machine-scoring program. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11984364

scholarly journals Librarians’ Perceptions of the Challenges for Researchers in Rwanda and the Potential of Open Scholarship

Libri ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cox ◽  
Pamela Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
System A ◽  
Scholarly Communications ◽  
Major Reform ◽  
Global North ◽  
Communications System ◽  
Poor Infrastructure

Abstract Open scholarship is a major reform movement within research. This paper seeks to understand how open scholarship might address the challenges faced by research in Africa, through a study based on a participatory collaborative workshop to create a partnership with librarians in Rwanda. The literature review identifies three broad perspectives on the apparent under-performance of Rwandan research: one locating the issue in the unequal scholarly communications system, a second pointing to a country deficit and a third blaming cognitive injustices. The Rwandan librarians see researchers as challenged through the pressures on them to publish, the costs of research, poor infrastructure, lack of skills and limited access to literature. Collectively these challenges constitute a critical barrier to research. These limits fit largely the country deficit perspective. Open scholarship as conceived in the Global North is only a small part of the answer to the challenges faced by Rwandan scholars. To promote equity, notions of open scholarship need to take into account the conditions under which research is conducted in less privileged contexts such as Rwanda.

A collision feedback based multiple access control protocol for very high frequency data exchange system in E-navigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Xu Hu ◽  
Bin Lin ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Hongguang Lyu ◽  
Tie-Shan Li
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
High Frequency Data ◽  
Frequency Data ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Time Division ◽  
Very High

Abstract The very high frequency data exchange system (VDES) is promising in promoting electronic navigation (E-navigation) and improving navigation safety. The multiple access control (MAC) protocol is crucial to the transmission performance of VDES. The self-organising time division multiple access (SOTDMA) protocol, as the only access mode given by current recommendations, leads to a high rate of transmission collisions in the traditional automatic identification system (AIS), especially with heavy traffic loads. This paper proposes a novel feedback based time division multiple access (FBTDMA) protocol to address the problems caused by SOTDMA, such that collision of transmissions can be avoided in information transmission among vessels. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FBTDMA outperforms the traditional SOTDMA in terms of channel utilisation and throughput, and significantly reduces the transmission collision rate. The study is expected to provide insights into VDES standardisation and E-navigation modernisation.

scholarly journals TINJAUAN KETERSEDIAAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERKAIT IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENYERAHAN PEMBERITAHUAN PABEAN MELALUI INTERNET

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Agung Tri Safari
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Electronic Data ◽  
Full Implementation ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Internet Network

Submission of Customs Declaration including matters regulated in the Customs Law. Furthermore, this matter is further elaborated based on the Minister of Finance Regulation. Customs Declaration can be submitted in writing on the form or in the form of Electronic Data. For those in the form of Electronic Data, it is delivered by submitting Electronic Data storage media in the form of diskettes or etc  to the Customs Office or through an Electronic Data exchange system. DJBC has issued a policy related to the full implementation (Mandatory) of the submission of customs declaration documents through the PDE system based on KEP-415 / BC / 2016 and began to be implemented effectively on January 1, 2019. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether this policy can be applied in all regions of Indonesia This research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Based on secondary data, not all regions of Indonesia are affordable to the internet network. The constraints on the availability of infrastructure are a necessity that must be anticipated. The results of this discussion can be input into the improvement of related policies.

scholarly journals The design of remote data exchange system for Intelligent pharmacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2006 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
Cao Lan ◽  
Li Xiang ◽  
Sun Yixuan ◽  
Yuan Binxia ◽  
Liu Jianbeng
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Remote Data

scholarly journals Simulation and Measurement Studies of The Vdes System’s Terrestrial Component

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Bronk ◽  
Patryk Koncicki ◽  
Adam Lipka ◽  
Dominik Rutkowski ◽  
Błażej Wereszko
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Coding Gain ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Theoretical Results

Abstract In the paper, the measurement and simulation results of the VDES (VHF Data Exchange System) terrestrial component are discussed. It is anticipated that VDES will be one of the major solutions for maritime communications in the VHF band and its performance will be sufficient to fulfill the requirements of the e-navigation applications. The process of the VDES standardization (ITU R, IALA) has not been officially completed yet, but substantial amount of technical information about the future system’s terrestrial component (VDE-TER) is already available. The paper is divided into three general parts: (a) theoretical presentation of the system’s physical layer and the radio channels applicable to VDES, (b) simulation results (BER, BLER, channel delay between two propagation paths and its influence on bit rates) and (c) measurement results (useful ranges, BER). It turned out that in real maritime conditions, the VDES system can offer ranges between 25 and 38 km for the configurations assumed during the measurement campaign. Those results are generally compliant with the theoretical data in the line-of-sight conditions. In the NLOS scenarios, where fading becomes the dominant phenomenon, the discrepancies between the measurements and the theoretical results were more significant. The obtained results confirmed that VDES provides a large coding gain, which significantly improves the performance of data transmission and increases the bit rate compared to the existing maritime radiocommunication solutions. It should be noted that the results presented in the article were used by the IALA while developing the current version of the VDES specification.

Technical summary for the Foundry Data eXchange system

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Braun ◽  
Gerry Krupka ◽  
Frederick R. Peiffer ◽  
Thomas A. Polk ◽  
Evelyn E. Roadcap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Exchange System
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