Europejskie miasta od nowa

European Cities Reloaded. Stress or Relaxation? This article justifies the thesis that the full implementation of the Smart City concept (re-development of cities around the world) will significantly reduce the stress in which their inhabitants live. The article starts with introducing the very concept of Smart City: why there is a need to rebuild cities and what it is all about. Then, it lists the basic stressors related to living in a city, and finally indicates which Smart City activities (standardized by ISO and implemented by the European Union legislation) counteract the aforementioned stressors.

Tobacco industry compliance with the EU track and tracing system in Lithuania

BackgroundThe European Union (EU)-wide tobacco tracking and tracing system (T&T system) became operational on 20 May 2019, allowing a transitional period and gradual installation of the system until May 2020. This study attempts to assess the EU T&T system using a sample of discarded cigarette packs collected in Lithuania.MethodsThe empty pack survey was conducted between September 2019 and September 2020, covering both the transitional period and the period of full implementation. The study employed a two-stage cluster design by first randomly selecting 65 well-defined population clusters (30 cities and 35 towns) representing both urban and rural areas in all 10 counties in Lithuania. Second, we randomly selected 358 polling districts (routes) in each cluster.ResultsThe fieldworkers walked at least 1074 km and collected 5727 discarded empty cigarette packs. None of the packs found during the EU T&T transitional period had a unique identifier (UI). After the full implementation of the EU T&T system, 32.0% of the collected packs were still without a UI. 5.8% of licit packs were without a UI after the May 2020 deadline. Most of the legal non-compliant packs (131, or 69.7%) were intended for the Lithuanian market. Close to 85% of packs that had duty-free markings were non-compliant.ConclusionThe tobacco industry most likely disregarded the EU T&T transitional period as no packs with UIs were found up until the full implementation. Packs without UIs were still found 4 months after the full implementation of the EU T&T system.

Serial „Artyści” jako przykład telewizji jakościowej

The article The series “The Artists” as an example of quality television is an attempt to analyse the original TV series The Artists [Artyści] (2016) by Paweł Demirski and Monika Strzępka from the perspective of the determinants of the quality television model defined by Jane Feuer. The researchers consider the series, whose authors are neither film nor television artists, but are representing critical theatre in Poland, to be the first such full implementation of quality television in Polish TV culture. The authors of the article begin their analysis with the first Polish productions that featured elements of quality television (starting from The Cop [Glina] series from 2003) and defining synthetically its determinants. These genre determinants are deepened in the following sections in the perspective of the analysis of the series The Artists in terms of focusing the theme of the movie on the present; constructing the script of the series about characters from different layers and environments, in opposition to accepted norms; the author(s) as a guarantee of a high-quality artistic series; stylistic means; intertextual layer.

Implementation of Special Educational Needs of Students with Disabilities in the Interdepartmental Model of Inclusive Education

Introduction. The article presents the organizational basis for identifying and implementing the special educational needs of students with disabilities in the interdepartmental model of inclusive education. The full implementation of special educational needs (OOP) in the development of vocational education by students with disabilities and disabilities plays a key role for subsequent professional activity. In the inclusive model of the implementation of the OOP of students with disabilities and disabilities, different departmental structures participate, which should effectively interact with each other. Therefore, taking into account the levels of interaction between organizational structures and various activities when identifying and implementing OOP provides a holistic view of the functioning system, and, if necessary, allows for a more targeted impact on the problem links of the model.Materials and Methods. The paper uses the method of content analysis and systematization of scientific and methodological literature, normative legal acts that determine the direction of the organization of the educational environment in the implementation of the OOP of persons with disabilities and disabilities.Results. In the formed interdepartmental model of inclusive education, two levels are considered: the structural level, which is described from the point of view of interaction between state executive authorities and their subordinate organizations, and the functional level, in which the process of forming and implementing the OOP at various stages of the rehabilitation, educational and professional route of students with disabilities and disabilities takes place.Discussion and Conclusions. When considering the procedure for the formation and implementation of the OOP at the functional level of the interdepartmental model, the importance of implementing such processes as career guidance, psychological correction, interaction with non-profit and volunteer organizations, the formation of a professional career, and interaction with the employer is emphasized. The need for unity and interaction of all elements of the model under consideration is emphasized, which will ensure the full implementation of the PLO of persons with disabilities and disabilities and achieve the final result – professional and social integration.

Facing the Challenges of Implementing Systems Engineering

The objective of this paper is to introduce and address the programmatic and technical challenges associated with the implementation of systems engineering (SE) at the enterprise level in the oil and gas environment. However, the lessons applied here could be tailored and applied to the project level. Currently, there is a strong movement towards a digital transformation of the industry, from exploration of new fields to the revitalization of more mature fields. A systems engineering environment is a prerequisite for the conversion and implementation of Digitalization Transformation. This paper will outline and address the risks and rewards of the partial to full implementation of the principles and methodologies of systems engineering across the lifecycle of a project. The ideas and methods presented here are what should follow once a decision to implement SE into an organization has been made. It assumes that the reader has reviewed the costs, benefits, and results of a digital engineering approach. The scope of this paper will address the technical as well as the organizational challenges that the initiator should be prepared to address in order to be successful.

Diplomatic Collaborative Solutions to Assure the Adoption of the European Single Market Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

As the COVID-19 crisis has shown, the lack of harmonized and coordinated actions superseding national borders represented a limit to the full implementation of already existing legal binding instruments at the European level. It is recognized that the existing levels of globalization have contributed to accelerate the large-scale transmission of viruses and increased the likelihood of a pandemic public health crisis. This article aims to highlight the importance of greater bilateral cooperation to mitigate the health and economic impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It focuses on the implementation of diplomatic collaborative systems to assure the full implementation of the European single market as well as the adoption of standardized health information platforms as a part of pandemic preparedness and control measures.

Implementation of Juvenile Justice System Act 2018: Prospects and Challenges for Pakistan

Purpose: This paper develops a framework for analyzing the practical implementation of Juvenile Justice System Act 2018, and bottlenecks which are being faced by the juvenile during the process of trial before the court of law. Few areas need to be examined while determining the practical implementation of this act, as its procedural requirements have not been yet followed in the field. This paper aims to identify those obstructions which are necessary to be dealt with iron hand in order to ensure the full implementation of the act. Design: Qualitative content analysis method has been used to analyze the various factors, which are responsible for the failure to implement the said act. Findings: Findings on the topic suggest that even at the stage of registration of first information report , the age of juvenile is neglected and loopholes continues till the conclusion of trial. The crux is that in order to avoid the exploitation of juvenile offender during trial, the Provincial and Federal Governments should play their role to ensure that procedural requirements are met as envisaged by the said act. Implications: The practical and firm implementation of Juvenile Justice System Act 2018, competent authorities and requisite institutions should realize their role.

Health Insurance Coverage before and after the Affordable Care Act in the USA

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is at the crossroads. It is important to evaluate the effectiveness of the ACA in order to make rational decisions about the ongoing healthcare reform, but existing research into its effect on health insurance status in the United States is insufficient and descriptive. Using data from the National Health Interview Surveys from 2009 to 2015, this study examines changes in health insurance status and its determinants before the ACA in 2009, during its partial implementation in 2010–2013, and after its full implementation in 2014 and 2015. The results of trend analysis indicate a significant increase in national health insurance rate from 82.2% in 2009 to 89.4% in 2015. Logistic regression analyses confirm the similar impact of age, gender, race, marital status, nativity, citizenship, education, and poverty on health insurance status before and after the ACA. Despite similar effects across years, controlling for other variables, youth aged 26 or below, the foreign-born, Asians, and other races had a greater probability of gaining health insurance after the ACA than before the ACA; however, the odds of obtaining health insurance for Hispanics and the impoverished rose slightly during the partial implementation of the ACA, but somewhat declined after the full implementation of the ACA starting in 2014. These findings should be taken into account by the U.S. Government in deciding the fate of the ACA.

Enhanced Recovery: A Decade of Experience and Future Prospects at the Mayo Clinic

This work aims to describe the implementation and subsequent learnings from the first decade after the full implementation of enhanced recovery pathway for colorectal surgery at a single institution. This paper will describe the diffusion efforts and plans through the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control (DMAIC) process of ongoing quality improvement and through research efforts. The information applies to all readers that provide surgical care within their organization as the fundamental principles of enhanced recovery for surgery are applicable regardless of the setting.