scholarly journals Conservation of the Biocatalytic Activity of Whole Yeast Cells by Supported Sol – Gel Entrapment for Efficient Acyloin Condensation

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Nagy-Győr ◽  
Emese Farkas ◽  
Mihai Lăcătuș ◽  
Gergő Tóth ◽  
Dániel Incze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Pyruvate Decarboxylase ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Silica Microspheres ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Hollow Silica ◽  
Gel Entrapment ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
2Nd Generation

In this study, an efficient and generally applicable 2nd generation sol – gel entrapment method was developed for immobilization of yeastcells. Cells of Lodderomyces elongisporus, Candida norvegica, Debaryomyces fabryi, Pichia carsonii strains in admixture with hollow silica microspheres support were immobilized in sol – gel matrix obtained from polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane. As biocatalysts in theselective acyloin condensation of benzaldehyde catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase of the yeast, the novel immobilized whole-cell preparations were compared to other states of the cells such as freshly harvested wet cell paste, lyophilized cells and sol – gel entrapped preparations without hollow silica microspheres support. Reusability and storability studies designated this novel 2nd generation sol – gel method as a promising alternative for solid formulation of whole-cells bypassing expensive and difficult downstream steps while providing easy-to-handle and stable biocatalysts with long-term preservation of the biocatalytic activity.

Efficient immobilization of whole cells of Methylomonas sp. strain GYJ3 by sol–gel entrapment

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Chen ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Jiaying Xin ◽  
Shuben Li ◽  
Chungu Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gel Entrapment ◽  
Whole Cells

Application of baker's yeast in bioorganic synthesis

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1043-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. P. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Pyruvate Decarboxylase ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Baker’S Yeast ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Baker's Yeast ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond

Baker's yeast has been widely used as a biocatalyst in organic synthesis, primarily because it is inexpensive and readily available. The majority of studies on the biotransformation capability of yeast deal with reductions of carbonyl groups and carbon–carbon double bonds. Reactions involving carbon–carbon bond formation are of great interest in chemical synthesis. Most of these biocatalytic reactions have been carried out in aqueous media. The conversion of benzaldehyde and pyruvate to L-phenylacetyl carbinol (a precursor of ephedrine) was one of the first commercial processes to utilize an enzyme biotransformation step. During this biotransformation, a proportion of the benzaldehyde is also reduced to benzyl alcohol. Detailed investigations have been carried out on factors affecting product formation by whole yeast cells, mainly in aqueous systems. The reaction mechanisms involved in pyruvate decarboxylase mediated formation of L-phenylacetyl carbinol have been reported. Recent studies on biocatalysis of benzaldehyde and substituted benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol by whole cells of wild-type and mutant strains of baker's yeast in nonconventional media have established the effects of organic solvents and substrate hydrophobicity on reaction performance. The effect of solvent and substituted benzaldehyde substrate hydrophobicity on the kinetics of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzed reactions in nonconventional media will also be discussed. Key words: Saccharomyces, baker's yeast, biotransformations, organic synthesis.

Silica Sol-Gel Microbead Encapsulation as a Novel Delivery Method for Symbiotic Microbes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Elissiry ◽  
Jingwen Sun ◽  
Ann M. Hirsch ◽  
Chong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Delivery Method ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Nanomaterials

Synthetic fertilizer is responsible for the greatly increased crop yields that have enabled worldwide industrialization. However, the production and use of such fertilizers are environmentally unfriendly and unsustainable; synthetic fertilizers are produced via non-renewable resources and fertilizer runoff causes groundwater contamination and eutrophication. A promising alternative to synthetic fertilizer is bacterial inoculation. In this process, a symbiotic relationship is formed between a crop and bacteria species that can fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and stimulate plant hormone production. The bacteria carrier developed here aims to maintain bacteria viability while in storage, protect bacteria while encapsulated, and provide a sustained and controllable bacterial release. This novel bacterial delivery method utilizes inorganic nanomaterials, silica microbeads, to encapsulate symbiotic bacteria. These microbeads, which were produced with aqueous, non-toxic precursors, are sprayed directly onto crop seeds and solidify on the seeds as a resilient silica matrix. The bacterial release from the carrier was found by submerging coated seeds in solution to simulate degradation in soil environments, measuring the number of bacteria released by the plate count technique, and comparing the carrier to seeds coated only in bacteria. The carrier’s effectiveness to enhance plant growth was determined through greenhouse plant assays with alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>) plants and the nitrogen-fixing <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> Rm1021 strain. When compared to bacteria-only inoculation, the silica microbead carrier exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) increased holding capacity of viable bacteria and increased plant growth by a similar amount, demonstrating the capability of inorganic nanomaterials for microbial delivery. The carrier presented in this work has potential applications for commercial agriculture and presents an opportunity to further pursue more sustainable agricultural practices.

Silica Sol-Gel Microbead Encapsulation as a Novel Delivery Method for Symbiotic Microbes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Elissiry ◽  
Jingwen Sun ◽  
Ann M. Hirsch ◽  
Chong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Delivery Method ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Nanomaterials

Synthetic fertilizer is responsible for the greatly increased crop yields that have enabled worldwide industrialization. However, the production and use of such fertilizers are environmentally unfriendly and unsustainable; synthetic fertilizers are produced via non-renewable resources and fertilizer runoff causes groundwater contamination and eutrophication. A promising alternative to synthetic fertilizer is bacterial inoculation. In this process, a symbiotic relationship is formed between a crop and bacteria species that can fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and stimulate plant hormone production. The bacteria carrier developed here aims to maintain bacteria viability while in storage, protect bacteria while encapsulated, and provide a sustained and controllable bacterial release. This novel bacterial delivery method utilizes inorganic nanomaterials, silica microbeads, to encapsulate symbiotic bacteria. These microbeads, which were produced with aqueous, non-toxic precursors, are sprayed directly onto crop seeds and solidify on the seeds as a resilient silica matrix. The bacterial release from the carrier was found by submerging coated seeds in solution to simulate degradation in soil environments, measuring the number of bacteria released by the plate count technique, and comparing the carrier to seeds coated only in bacteria. The carrier’s effectiveness to enhance plant growth was determined through greenhouse plant assays with alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>) plants and the nitrogen-fixing <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> Rm1021 strain. When compared to bacteria-only inoculation, the silica microbead carrier exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) increased holding capacity of viable bacteria and increased plant growth by a similar amount, demonstrating the capability of inorganic nanomaterials for microbial delivery. The carrier presented in this work has potential applications for commercial agriculture and presents an opportunity to further pursue more sustainable agricultural practices.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Salmonella Jumbo-Phage pSal-SNUABM-04

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Jun Kwon ◽  
Sang Guen Kim ◽  
Hyoun Joong Kim ◽  
Sib Sankar Giri ◽  
Sang Wha Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Genome Comparison ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Predicted Function

The increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistance has become a global issue. Therefore, many researchers have attempted to develop alternative antibiotics. One promising alternative is bacteriophage. In this study, we focused on a jumbo-phage infecting Salmonella isolated from exotic pet markets. Using a Salmonella strain isolated from reptiles as a host, we isolated and characterized the novel jumbo-bacteriophage pSal-SNUABM-04. This phage was investigated in terms of its morphology, host infectivity, growth and lysis kinetics, and genome. The phage was classified as Myoviridae based on its morphological traits and showed a comparatively wide host range. The lysis efficacy test showed that the phage can inhibit bacterial growth in the planktonic state. Genetic analysis revealed that the phage possesses a 239,626-base pair genome with 280 putative open reading frames, 76 of which have a predicted function and 195 of which have none. By genome comparison with other jumbo phages, the phage was designated as a novel member of Machinavirus composed of Erwnina phages.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and sol-gel entrapment of a crown ether-styryl fluoroionophore

Luminescence ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Sui ◽  
Nathan J. Hanan ◽  
Sam Phimphivong ◽  
Ronald J. Wysocki ◽  
S. Scott Saavedra
Keyword(s):  
Crown Ether ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gel Entrapment

Investigation of radiofrequency induced release kinetics from magnetic hollow silica microspheres

2012 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kovačík ◽  
Zuzana Kremláčková ◽  
František Štěpánek
Keyword(s):  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Silica Microspheres ◽  
Hollow Silica

Bioencapsulation in Sol-Gel Glasses

1998 ◽  
Vol 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bergogne ◽  
S. Fennouh ◽  
J. Livage ◽  
C. Roux
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Porous Silica ◽  
Silica Matrix ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Gel Glasses ◽  
Micro Organisms

AbstractBioencapsulation in sol-gel materials has been widely studied during the past decade. Trapped species appear to retain their bioactivity in the porous silica matrix. Small analytes can diffuse through the pores allowing bioreactions to be performed in-situ, inside the sol-gel glass. A wide range of biomolecules and micro-organisms have been encapsulated. The catalytic activity of enzymes is used for the realization of biosensors or bioreactors. Antibody-antigen recognition has been shown to be feasible within sol-gel matrices. Trapped antibodies bind specifically the corresponding haptens and can be used for the detection of traces of chemicals. Even whole cells are now encapsulated without any alteration of their cellular organization. They can be used for the production of chemicals or as antigens for immunoassays.

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