scholarly journals Modelling of Hybrid Method for VOC Removal from Process Wastewater: Distillation and Hydrophilic Pervaporation

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-370
Author(s):  
Botond Szilágyi ◽  
Do Thi Huyen Trang ◽  
Dániel Fózer ◽  
Asmaa Selim ◽  
Enikő Haáz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Method ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Ternary Mixture ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Distillation Columns ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Process Wastewater ◽  
Methanol Removal ◽  
Hybrid Configuration

The study is motivated by the industrial problem from pharmaceutical industry, which is ethanol and methanol removal from process wastewater. To complete this goal hybrid method is investigated and optimized. Two distillation columns are sufficient for separation of alcohol-water mixture. Suitable water can be purified as bottom product of first column. Ethanol and methanol purification is achieved with combination of second distillation column and pervaporation. The target of this research is to rigorously model and optimize the separation of water-ethanol-methanol ternary mixture in professional flowsheet simulator environment. The minimal sufficient membrane transfers area and number of minimal theoretical stages of the columns are determined. Cost estimation is also investigated according to Douglas methodology. Considering the simulation and economic results it can be determined that, the hybrid configuration is suitable for separation of ternary mixture in 99.5 weight percent purity.

scholarly journals Treatment of Pharmaceutical Process Wastewater with Hybrid Separation Method: Distillation and Hydrophilic Pervaporation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andras Jozsef Toth ◽  
Eniko Haaz ◽  
Tibor Nagy ◽  
Ariella Janka Tarjani ◽  
Daniel Fozer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Distillation Column ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Ethanol Dehydration ◽  
Hybrid Operation ◽  
Membrane Transfer ◽  
Process Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Problem ◽  
Theoretical Plates

Abstract The work is motivated by an industrial problem, which is alcohol removal from pharmaceutical process wastewater. The aim of the study was to develop a complete hybrid operation is investigated. Ethanol dehydration, in combination with distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation, is used to investigate about the extent of separation of the ethanol-water mixture. The aim of this research is to rigorously model and optimize this hybrid operation in professional flowsheet simulator environment. The number of minimal theoretical plates of distillation column and minimal effective membrane transfer area are determined. Cost estimation is also examined according to Douglas methodology. Considering our results it can be concluded that, the distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation processes are suitable for separation ethanol and water in 99.5 weight percent purity

scholarly journals Hydrophobic *BEA-Type Zeolite Membranes on Tubular Silica Supports for Alcohol/Water Separation by Pervaporation

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyohei Ueno ◽  
Saki Yamada ◽  
Toshinari Watanabe ◽  
Hideyuki Negishi ◽  
Takuya Okuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Zeolite Membranes ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Large Pore ◽  
Silica Supports ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Type Zeolite

Hydrophobic pure-silica *BEA-type zeolite membranes with large pores were prepared on tubular silica supports by hydrothermal synthesis using a secondary growth method and were applied to the separation of alcohol/water mixtures by pervaporation (PV), an alternative energy-efficient process for production of biofuels. Amorphous pure-silica tubular silica supports, free of Al atoms, were used for preparing the membranes. In this study, the effects of the synthesis conditions, such as the H2O/SiO2 and NH4F/SiO2 ratios in the synthetic gel, on the membrane formation process and separation performance were systematically investigated. The successfully prepared dense and continuous membranes exhibited alcohol selectivity and high flux for the separation of ethanol/water and butanol/water mixtures. The pure-silica *BEA membranes obtained under optimal conditions (0.08SiO2:0.5TEAOH:0.7NH4F:8H2O) showed high PV performance with a separation factor of 229 and a flux of 0.62 kg·m−2·h−1 for a 1 wt % n-butanol/water mixture at 318 K. This result was attributed to the hydrophobicity and large pore size of the pure-silica *BEA membrane. This was the first successful synthesis of hydrophobic large-pore zeolite membranes on tubular supports with alcohol selectivity, and the obtained results could provide new insights into the research on hydrophobic membranes with high permeability.

10 IN VITRO PROGESTERONE RELEASE KINETICS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT INTRAVAGINAL DEVICES USED IN CATTLE

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
G. C. Gomes ◽  
A. Kehrle ◽  
M. Maturana Filho ◽  
C. V. F. Caetano ◽  
J. R. V. Pimentel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
The Third ◽  
Metabolism Rate ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Reproduction Cost ◽  
Second Use

Since progesterone releasing devices have been used for oestrous cycle control, many studies have been done to evaluate the reduce reproduction cost. However, there are few studies about reused devices. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare in vitro P4 releasing kinetics from 3 commercially available devices: Sincrogest® (SIN, 1 g of P4), Cronipres® (CRO, 1 g of P4 and 3 rings of 0.1 g of P4 for the third use), and Primer® (PRI, 1 g of P4). For each device, new (first use, n = 2), once-used (second use, n = 2), and twice-used (third use, n = 2) devices were tested. The tests were performed in a dissolutor sink using an alcohol/water mixture (60/40, vol/vol) as a release media. Samples were collected at 0–24 h (1P), 24–48 h (2P), 48–72 h (3P), and 72–96 h (4P). Table 1 shows the P4 amount (mg) and standard deviation in the periods in which there was statistical difference (P < 0.05; a–cdifferent letters in the same period differ statistically). The 3 brands of P4 devices differ in 2 of 4, 3 of 4, and 1 of 4 intervals for 1st-, 2nd, and 3rd-use device tests respectively. Additionally, P4 release decreased according to the number of previous uses. It is known that in vitro tests are more sensible to detect differences between devices. Nevertheless, these findings suggest the possibility of targeting different device categories for different animal categories depending on the animal steroid metabolism rate and consequent need for exogenous P4. However, for such a claim, further studies on this topic are needed. Table 1.Comparison between the 3 types in each of 3 uses Supported by FAPESP – Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do estado de São Paulo.

Effect of Different Salts on the Solubilities of Benzene and Diphenyl in t-Butyl Alcohol-Water Mixture and Hydrophobic Interaction

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Li-Zhuang Zou ◽  
Xiao-Ling Wang ◽  
Shu-Quan Zhu ◽  
Bu-Xing Han ◽  
Rui-Lin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrophobic Interaction ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Alcohol Water

scholarly journals Synthesis of tetraalkyl thiuram disulfides using different oxidants in recycling solvent mixture

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milutin Milosavljevic ◽  
Aleksandar Marinkovic ◽  
Jelena Markovic ◽  
Danijela Brkovic ◽  
Milan Milosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Azeotropic Mixture ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Laboratory Synthesis

A new optimized laboratory synthesis of tetraalkyl thiuram disulfides, starting from dialkyl amines and carbon disulfide in presence of three oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, potassium peroxodisulfate and sodium hypochlorite) and appropriate reaction medium: two mixtures of isopropyl alcohol - water used in two consecutive syntheses, was presented in this work. First synthesis was performed in a recycled azeotropic mixture of isopropyl alcohol - water 87.7% - 12.3%, and second in a filtrate obtained after first synthesis, which was a mixture of isopropyl alcohol - water 70.4% - 29.6%. After the second synthesis and filtration, recycled azeotropic mixture isopropyl alcohol - water 87.7% - 12.3% was regenerated from the filtrate by rectification. Considering this, the technology for beneficial use of recycling isopropyl alcohol - water mixture as reaction medium for tetraalkyl thiuram disulfides synthesis was developed. Such concept contributes to extraordinary economical benefit of implemented optimal laboratory synthesis at semi-industrial level. High yields of tetraalkyl thiuram disulfides syntheses were obtained at both laboratory and semiindustrial level. Structure and purity of synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, as well as FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, and MS spectral data.

scholarly journals Composition of the Essential Oil of Sweet Marjoram Obtained by Distillation with Steam and by Extraction and Distillation with Alcohol-Water Mixture.

1974 ◽  
Vol 28b ◽  
pp. 1121-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyrki Taskinen ◽  
Staffan Josephson ◽  
Staffan Vallén ◽  
Richard G. Powell ◽  
A. Taticchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Alcohol Water

scholarly journals Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of MoS2/Graphene Hetero-Structure by Liquid Phase Exfoliation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durai Murugan Kandhasamy ◽  
Paulpandian Muthu Mareeswaran ◽  
Chellappan Selvaraju ◽  
Namasivayam Dhenadhayalan
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Radiative Decay ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Hetero Structure ◽  
Enhanced Photoluminescence ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Liquid Phase Exfoliation

Synthesis of MoS2/Graphene hetero-structure in single stage, liquid-phase exfoliation in 7:3 isopropyl alcohol /water mixture and its consequences on the photoluminescence behavior of MoS2 have been studied. Thus synthesized hetero-structure was characterized using UV-visible, micro-Raman spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis. UV-Visible and micro-Raman analysis confirm improved exfoliation to the level of monolayer hetero-structure. The photophysical properties of the hetero-structure were analyzed using steady state and time resolved luminescence techniques. An enhanced photoluminescence observed in the case of hetero-structure probably due to increase in the defect sites or reduction in the rate of non-radiative decay upon formation of sandwiched hetero-structure. Applications of this hetero-structure for fluorescence live cell imaging carried out and the hetero-structure demonstrated a better luminescence contrast compared to its individual counterpart MoS2 in phosphate buffered saline (PBS).

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