scholarly journals WÜRTTEMBERŠKI GORSKI BATALJON IN 12. SOŠKA OFENZIVA

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-96
Author(s):  
BLAŽ TORKAR ◽  
MIHA KUHAR
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Unit ◽  
Erwin Rommel ◽  
First World

Povzetek Württemberški gorski bataljon je bil nemška vojaška enota dežele Württemberg. Oblikovan je bil precej pozno, šele oktobra 1915. Enota, ki ji je poveljeval major Theodor Sprösser, je prevzela pomembno vlogo v 12. soški ofenzivi, saj je ves čas delovala v konici napada alpskega korpusa in pozneje 1. avstro-ogrskega korpusa Krauss. Pomembno vlogo znotraj bataljona je imel tudi nadporočnik Erwin Rommel, ki je skupaj z majorjem Sprösserjem prejel visoko odlikovanje pour le mérite za uspešne boje ob reki Soči v prvih dneh ofenzive in operacijo Longarone. Bataljon je ves čas prodora od Tolmina do reke Piave deloval decentralizirano na več samostojnih smereh, saj so njegovi častniki razumeli in obvladali načelo poveljevanja s poslanstvom (Auftragstaktik) ter obvladali veščine nove taktike prodora. Bataljon je bil decembra 1917 skupaj z drugimi enotami 14. armade premeščen z italijanske fronte na opravljanje nove bojne naloge. Ključne besede: prva svetovna vojna, soška fronta, 12. soška ofenziva, Württemberški gorski bataljon, Theodor Sprösser, Erwin Rommel.   Abstract The Württemberg Mountain Battalion was a German military unit on the territory of Württemberg. It was formed relatively late, only in October 1915. The unit, which was commanded by Major Theodor Sprösser assumed a very important role in the Twelfth Isonzo Offensive. It was continuously engaged in the peak of the attack by the Alpine Corps’ (Alpenkorps) and later 1st Austro-Hungarian corps Krauss. An important role within the battalion was also played by First Lieutenant Erwin Rommel, who was together with Major Sprösser awarded a decoration “pour la mérite” for his success in the battles near the Isonzo River in the first days of the offensive, and for the Longarone operation. Throughout the penetration from Tolmino to the Piava River, the battalion functioned in a decentralised manner on several independent routes, since the commanders understood and mastered the mission command (Auftragstaktik) and mastered the skills of the new penetration tactics. In December 1917, the battalion and other units of the 14th Army were redeployed from the Italian front to a new combat assignment. Key words: First World War, Isonzo Front, Twelfth Isonzo Offensive, Württemberg Mountain Battalion, Theodor Sprösser, Erwin Rommel.

"Tutti gli studenti dovrebbero venir quassů". Giovani irredenti nelle universitŕ italiane 1880-1915

2009 ◽  
pp. 31-56
Author(s):  
Alessio Quercioli
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Political System ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Choice ◽  
Italian Language ◽  
Italian Provinces ◽  
First World ◽  
The Way

- Is about the annexation of Veneto to the Reign of Italy in 1866, which deprives students from Italian provinces in the Austro-Hungarian Empire of the only university in Italian language within the boundaries of the double monarchy of Padua. People study in Austria, following classes in German, or enroll in Italian institutes whose qualifications are not acknowledged by Austrian authorities. The decision to study in Italy must be considered as a precise political choice; the youngest challenge the Austrian social and political system, that seems stale and inadequate, by choosing the "young" Reign. Many of these students will join the Italian army as volunteers. This research aims at giving new hints and open the way to further analyses of the «'14 generation», whose exceptionality has always been highlighted. But it is also necessary to focus on the connections with the previous generations - particularly for the "irredentists" - on their non-impromptu choices, which have to be seen as the result of a long cultural and political path.Key words: Students, University, Irredentism, First World War.Parole chiave: Studenti, Universitŕ, Irredentismo, Prima guerra mondiale.

scholarly journals O front como experiência da temporalidade: crise da civilização, falência representacional e alteridade

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Armani
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
First World War ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Esse artigo é um estudo introdutório ao pensamento de alguns intelectuais – sobretudo Eric Maria Remarque – que viveram durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial e testemunharam um período histórico profundamente conturbado pela violência e morte – a experiência da temporalidade. Para tal estudo, eu investigarei três tópicos no pensamento desses autores: a crise da idéia de civilização; os limites da representação como categoria cognitiva e a questão da alteridade. Abstract This article is an introductory study about the thought of some intellectuals – above all Erich Maria Remarque – who lived the First World War and witnessed an historical period deeply disturbed by violence and death – the experience of temporality. For this study, I will investigate three topics in the thought of those intellectuals: the crisis of civilization idea; the limits of representation as cognitive category and the question of alterity. Palavras-chave: Primeira Guerra Mundial. História. Temporalidade. Key words: First World War. History. Temporality.

Krise und Gemeinschaft

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Community Building ◽  
German Literature ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
First World

Stefan George's "Der Stern des Bundes" is one of the most provocative and unusual works of poetry in the history of German literature. Here, on the eve of the First World War, George unfolds social, religious, poetic, personal, philosophical and even economic issues. Members of Georges´s famous "circle" as well as his contemporaries perceived of the "Stern des Bundes" as a prediction of coming catastrophes and a warning, as a stimulus for peaceful and intimate community building in the face of great crises and as a reaffirmation of a hopeful outlook towards a shared world. Krise und Gemeinschaft assembles introductory and survey articles, contributions to key words from the “Stern”, and interpretations of key poems. It is especially aimed at readers who are still unfamiliar with the "Stern".

scholarly journals VODENJE IN POVELJEVANJE V 12. SOŠKI OFENZIVI

2018 ◽  
pp. 45-62
Author(s):  
VALERIJA BERNIK
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
First World War ◽  
Military Leadership ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
World War ◽  
General Staff ◽  
New Model ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Povzetek Vodilni na evropskih generalštabih so med prvo svetovno vojno uporabljali tradicionalni način vodenja in poveljevanja, ki je od podrejenih zahteval predvsem poslušnost ter natančno izpolnjevanje ukazov. Na bojišču se je kmalu pokazalo, da je bil tak sistem za vodenje vojsk neprimeren in vzrok za marsikatero zamujeno priložnost. Prvi so novosti v vodenju in poveljevanju uvedli Nemci ter jih v praksi uspešno preizkusili v 12. soški ofenzivi. Ključne besede 12. soška ofenziva, vojaško vodenje in poveljevanje, kabinetno poveljevanje, poveljevanje s poslanstvom – Auftragstaktik. Abstract In the period of the First World War, European general staff leaders used the traditional model of military leadership and command, which demanded from their subordinates obedience and precise fulfilment of commands. The situation in the battlefields soon showed that the system was inappropriate and resulted in many lost opportunities. The Germans were the first to use a new model of military leadership and command and they tested it in the Twelfth Isonzo Offensive. Key words: Twelfth Isonzo Offensive, military leadership and command, chateau generalship, mission command – Auftragstaktik.

scholarly journals Vittorio Veneto: zadnja italijanska ofenziva na reki Piavi leta 1918

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2019) (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaž Torkar
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
First World War ◽  
English Summary ◽  
World War ◽  
First World

Category: 1.01 Original scientific paper Language: Original in Slovene (Abstract in Slovene and English, Summary in English) Key words: Vittorio Veneto, southwestern front, First World War, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Italian offensive Abstract: Based on the study of archival sources and literature, the author analyses the conditions in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and on the southwestern front in 1918. This is followed by an analysis of the preparations for and the course of the Italian offensive at Vittorio Veneto which lasted from October 24 to November 4, 1918. The goal of the Italian Armed Forces was to achieve a decisive breakthrough on the front sector Valdobbiadene–Feltre, in the lower part of the Piave river. After initially successes in resisting, the Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces began to fall apart and was forced to withdraw. The Italian victory ended the war on the southwestern front and caused the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces and the signing of an armistice between Italy and Austria-Hungary. The Austro-Hungarian army, then, began to withdraw while the Italian army carefully and slowly followed and occupied all areas promised to them under the London Memorandum.

scholarly journals El mundo al instante. Noticias de prensa sobre Colombia y Panamá durante la Primera Guerra Mundial

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Guillermo Rivadeneira Velásquez
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
First World ◽  
Determinant Factor

ResumenSe propone un recorrido que analiza la manera como la prensa colombiana brindaba información sobre los sucesos de la guerra, de manera especial en lo que concernía a las presiones para que Colombia y otras naciones latinoamericanas abandonaran la neutralidad. Desde una perspectiva política y económica se expone el desarrollo industrial de Gran Bretaña, Alemania y Francia, buscando explicar la guerra comercial que produjo determinaciones geo-estratégicas, como el uso del Canal de Panamá como enclave desde el cual se controlaba el tránsito marítimo de navíos y supuestos submarinos, elementos que se constituyeron en un factor determinante para imprimirle terror a los aliados.Palabras clave: Primera Guerra mundial, Prensa, Colombia, Canal de Panamá**********************************************************The World right now Press news about Colombia and Panama during the First World WarAbstractWe propose an overview that analyses how the Colombian press provided information about the war events, in the special way in which it makes pressure to Colombia and other Latin-American nations in order to abandon the neutrality. Since a political and economical perspective we expose the industrial development of Great Britain, Germany and France, searching a commercial explanation that produced geo-strategies determinations, as the use of Panamá channel like a enclave from where it was controlled the maritime transit of vessels and supposed submarines, elements which were constituted as a determinant factor to impose terror on the allies. Key words: First World War, Press, Colombia, Panama Channel.**********************************************************O mundo agora. Notícias de imprensa sobre a Colômbia e o Panamá durante a Primeira Guerra MundialResumoPropõe-se aqui analisar a forma como a imprensa colombiana informava sobre os acontecimentos da guerra, especialmente no que se refere às pressões para que a Colômbia e outras nações latino-americanas abandonassem a neutralidade. Em perspectiva política e econômica se expõe o desenvolvimento industrial da Grã-Bretanha, Alemanha e França, buscando explicar a guerra comercial que produziu determinações geo-estratégicas, como o uso do Canal do Panamá como enclave a partir do qual se controlava o trânsito de navios e supostos submarinos, elementos que se constituíram num fator determinante para produzir terror entre os aliados.Palavras-chave: Primeira Guerra Mundial, Imprensa, Colômbia, Canal do Panamá.

scholarly journals Soška fronta skozi oči vojaka in pisatelja Andreja Čeboklija

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2018) (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jožica Čeh Steger
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
First World War ◽  
English Summary ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Career ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

Category: 1.01 Original scientific paper Language: Original in Slovenian (Abstract in Slovenian and English, Summary in English) Key words: Isonzo front, Andrej Čebokli, war diary, short prose Excerpt: In this article are presented Čebokli's diary from the First World War and his short prose, with a special emphasis on the verbalisation of the terrible consequences of the war, especially on the Isonzo front. Andrej Čebokli (1893–1923), a countryman of Gorica, voluntarily enlisted in the Austro-Hungarian armed forces at the beginning of the First World War. He was on various fronts of the First World War and reached a brilliant military career. In 1916 he found himself on the Isonzo front. From the first day of his military service until 1919, he continually wrote a diary, in which he thought about the cruel consequences of the war on the front and in the hinterland, described the beauty of the local landscape, worked literary plans, believed in the near-disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and was impressed by the October Revolution.

scholarly journals Slovenska Koroška 1917: med fronto in zaledjem

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2018) (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinko Skitek
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
First World War ◽  
English Summary ◽  
World War ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
War Economy ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World ◽  
The Church

Category: 1.01 Original scientific paper Language: Original in Slovenian (Abstract in Slovenian and English, Summary in English) Key words: Carinthia, First World War, Economy, the Church, May declaration, Carinthian Slovenians, 1917 Abstract: In this paper the author considers the position of the Land of Carinthia during the First World War with emphasis on the year 1917. Firstly, he exposes the hinterland position of Carinthia, which was drastically altered by the entry of Italy into the war in 1915 on the side of the Entente powers. On the Austro-Hungarian-Italian border, a new frontline was formed which ran along the River Isonzo over mountain tops all the way to the Swiss border. A part of the frontline also ran across the southwestern part of Carinthia, where the areas most affected by Italian barrages were the Kanal and upper Zilja valleys. In the rest of Carinthia all was geared towards supporting the army on the battlefield. At the same time the authorities, by limiting personal freedoms, triggered persecution of Slovenian priests, who were often sent to prison over deliberate fabrications.

La Grande guerra: la parola alla Difesa

2009 ◽  
pp. 121-142
Author(s):  
Gabriele Turi
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
The First World War ◽  
90Th Anniversary ◽  
First World

- Examines the official celebrations of the 90th anniversary of the end of the first world war, organized in Italy primarily by the Ministry of Defence of the Berlusconi government. Inevitably national patriotism became the dominant rhetorical tone, and a total absence of a calm reflection of the causes, character and consequences of the conflict that marked the celebrations and monuments in other countries. Key words: First world war, Italy, Celebrations, History. Parole chiave: Prima guerra mondiale, Italia, Celebrazioni, Storia.

scholarly journals SLOVENSKI SPOMIN NA SOŠKO FRONTO

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
DUNJA DOBAJA ◽  
DAMIJAN GUŠTIN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
First World War ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
Military Life ◽  
First World

Povzetek Slovenski vojak na soški fronti je imaginarna celota, ki jo sestavljajo zelo različni ljudje po narodnosti Slovenci z različnimi vojaškimi položaji, doživetji in stališči do vojne, države ter celo domovine. Take omejitve je v spoznavnem procesu o položaju in čustvovanju slovenskega vojaka nujno treba upoštevati, da ne posplošujemo posamičnih izkušenj in zaradi strukture virov na zapadamo v motivacijske ter propagandne vzorce tedanje dobe. Kljub temu je mogoče sklepati, da je slovenski vojak prenašal in doživljal vse tegobe vojaškega življenja, značilne za bojevanje na razmeroma stabilnih frontnih črtah, v jarkih in kazematah, med pogostim topniškim obstreljevanjem ter bojevanjem iz bližine. Slovenskega vojaka je posebej opredeljeval njegov odnos do ožje domovine, ki jo je razumel kot Slovenijo ali Kranjsko, Koroško oziroma Štajersko. Ta okoliščina je pri večini slovenskih vojakov prispevala k bolj osebnemu odnosu do bojevanja na soški fronti, k lažjemu prenašanju težav življenja in bojevanja na prvi bojni črti ter k višji bojni morali. Ključne besede: soška fronta, vojaki, bojna morala, prva svetovna vojna.   Abstract Slovenian soldiers on the Isonzo Front are an imaginary whole composed of very different people of Slovenian nationality with various military positions, experiences and viewpoints regarding the war, the state or even their homeland. In the cognitive process concerning the position and emotional expression of Slovenian soldiers, such restrictions should be taken into serious consideration not to overgeneralise individual experiences and fall into motivational and propaganda patterns of the era due to the structure of resources. Nevertheless, it is possible to conclude that Slovenian soldiers have dealt with and experienced in entirety the hardship of military life characteristic of the combat on relatively stable front lines, in trenches and pillboxes, during frequent gun shooting and close combat. Slovenian soldiers were especially defined by their attitude towards their close homeland, which comprised Slovenia or Carniola, Carinthia and Styria. With the majority of Slovenian soldiers, this circumstance contributed to a more personal attitude towards their enagagement in the Battles of the Isonzo. It also helped them in overcoming the hardship of life and front line combat and to develop a higher combat morale. Key words: Isonzo Front, soldiers, combat morale, First World War.

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